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People with normal vision read by light. The white paper is brighter and the black words are darker, so the naked eye can distinguish the words between light and dark.

What does the visually impaired read? One is by touch, and there are blind documents to touch. One is hearing. When some books are not translated into Braille, maybe you can find audio books.

If you can’t find a ready-made audio book, how can the blind read an ordinary printed book?

As early as 1913, Edmund Fournier d’Albe, a physicist at the University of Birmingham in the United Kingdom, showed a scanner to help the blind listen to books, named "Optophone" (photoelectric reading device). A few years later, the equipment was transformed into a more practical version by a scientific instrument manufacturer.

In 1920, the magazine reported Scientific American.

When the machine sweeps a line of words from left to right, there will be a sound in the user’s headphones. However, the sound is not speech, but a combination of some notes.

Write the word "write" with notes.

Different note combinations represent different glyphs. For example, the letter T has a horizontal direction and a vertical direction, the horizontal direction is represented by a monosyllabic elongation, and the vertical direction is represented by a chord. The notes used here are the highest to SOH and the lowest to the lowest octave SOH.

The note corresponding to the letter t, Tiffany Chan

The height of the notes reflects the position of the ink on the paper: one horizontal of the T is at the top, just lengthen the highest note SOH, while one vertical of the T has ink from top to bottom, so you can play the five notes of SOH, FAH, MI, ME and DOH at the same time, which is a chord.

Then, when the letter T appears, the earphone should first emit a continuous SOH, with a short chord in the middle, and finally return to the continuous SOH. A letter, a word or a paragraph can be "written" with a string of notes:

The note combination corresponding to the word "Type" is Tiffany Chan.

As long as you are familiar with the correspondence between letters and note strings in advance, the blind can hear the contents of a book.

Translating glyphs into notes is not complicated in terms of rules, but it is only part of the work of this machine. Before that, it must first see what font is printed on the book before it can begin to translate.

Therefore, automatically scanning text is the most important thing.

Selenium can see black and white.

At the beginning, the naked eye can distinguish the words on the paper by light. The light returning from black letters is very weak, not as strong as the reflection of white paper. But how does the machine achieve similar perception?

Scientists thought of selenium, and the resistance of this substance will change with the intensity of light. Connect batteries on both sides of selenium. When the light hits the ink mark and then reflects to the surface of selenium, the resistance of selenium will be larger, and the current passing through it will be smaller. When light is reflected from the blank of the paper to the surface of selenium, the resistance of selenium will be smaller, and the current passing through it will be stronger.

The two sides of selenium are connected with a power supply, and the current is different with or without lighting [1]

Different lighting conditions will transform different electrical signals, so selenium can be used as a photodetector. When it sweeps a line of words from left to right, the signal strength will change with the alternation of black and white, which is not difficult to understand. The question is, how does the machine know whether the ink position is high or low, such as whether T is above or below?

Use different beams to scan different positions. If you divide a line of words into five layers, you need five different beams of light to scan it. The so-called different light means that each beam of light hits the surface of selenium to produce a unique electrical signal, which is different from other beams of light. Only in this way can we tell how high the light is calling from.

Divide a line of words into five layers [1]

So how do you divide a beam of light into five different beams?

Here is a porous disk with five holes. When the disc rotates at a speed of 30 revolutions per second, a beam of light is knocked over, and the light passing through the disc is divided into five beams, which are five intermittent (or fast flashing) lights.

Porous disc, Wikimedia Commons, reference [1]

When light is reflected to the surface of selenium intermittently, the current passing through selenium will fluctuate. The current fluctuation caused by these five beams of light is different: because the number of holes in five circles is different, the more holes, the more frequently the light is cut off and the higher the frequency of current fluctuation.

So there were five different beams of light. If they are hit at different positions, we can judge whether the light is reflected from a high place or a low place according to the frequency of current fluctuation. It’s not difficult to tell the difference between a horizontal T and a horizontal T.

The disc divides the light into five different beams.

The notes that users hear are also distributed according to the frequency of current fluctuation.

As for what tools to use to sense the fluctuation of current, the sensor in the telephone receiver can be competent. With the technology at that time, current fluctuations as small as 10-6 amps can be detected.

Is it black or white?

Wit, you may find that according to the principle described above, the strong current signal is the blank, and the weak signal is the ink mark. So, the notes that users hear represent not the ink, but the gaps around the ink?

This was the case with the original products in 1913, and those notes that the user did not hear indicated the location of the ink. When the spaces between words are scanned, all the notes will play together. Therefore, the inventor called it "White-Sounding Optophone".

The combination of notes it plays is so complicated that Mary Jameson, the best user, is trained to read only one word a minute on average. But she still became the first blind person to read ordinary printed books.

In 1918, Barr & Stroud, a manufacturer of scientific instruments, improved the equipment and added a second photosensitive element made of selenium to the photoelectric detector. After the light passes through the disc, part of the light still scans the text and reflects to the first photosensitive element; The other part of the light is directly turned to the second photosensitive element without scanning the text.

Add one more photosensitive element. Popular Science

By combining the signals of the two photosensitive elements, the signal of the blank part can be cancelled. In this way, the notes played by headphones represent ink and letter shapes, while the blank parts are muted. This version is also called "Black-Sounding Optophone".

Of course, its advantage is not only that the combination of notes becomes simple. The structure of the original equipment is fragile. Even if someone walks by heavily, some components may slide to the wrong position, which will affect the normal scanning. The improved equipment is much more stable.

In addition, the improved version also adds the function of adjusting the scanning speed, which can scan a line at the fastest time of 5 seconds and at the slowest time of 5 minutes. Users can choose the speed according to their proficiency in recognizing notes.

Mary jameson is reading Walden Lake.

Mary jameson also used an improved version of this "black voice". Later, her reading speed reached 60 words per minute. Mary became a heavy user of photoelectric reading devices from her school days to her later years.

But for most people, the combination of notes may still sound too complicated. Moreover, some letters with similar shapes, such as "u" and "n", are easily confused. In addition to using the threshold, the price is also prohibitive. 35 pounds in 1920 is about 1,500 pounds (about 13,000 RMB) or more today.

In 1920, the average price of a house in London was about 320 pounds.

In addition, the British Association for the Blind was trying to popularize Braille resources to the whole country, and the photoelectric reading device may pose a threat to the promotion of Braille, and it will not be supported by the association, and the sales volume has been pitiful.

However, commercial failure does not necessarily mean technical failure.

Technology that anyone may need.

In 1949, the engineers of RCA borrowed the principle of photoelectric reading device to create a new reading machine for the blind.

RCA reading machine, which can play the pronunciation of letters, such as "A-"[5]

It also needs to strike the light on the paper and then reflect it on the photoelectric element, thus distinguishing the shapes of letters; It also has a horn, which is responsible for shouting the corresponding sound.

However, the light-emitting device is no longer a lamp with a porous disk, but a cathode ray tube; The photoelectric element is no longer selenium, but photocell; What the trumpet calls out is no longer a note representing a glyph, but a real letter.

Most importantly, there is an additional component in the middle called "electronic analyzer". After receiving the signal from the photoelectric element, it has to pick out the letter that matches the signal from 26 letters before it can command the speaker to read it.

A mainstream view holds that this is the first device in the world that can complete the Optical Character Recognition (OCR) task.

Photo translation AFP

Later, with the development of computer technology, OCR algorithm became more and more sophisticated. Nowadays, artificial intelligence/machine learning has injected a handful of souls into OCR.

Nowadays, OCR serves more than blind people. There may be a moment when everyone needs to copy a large paragraph of text in a picture, or take pictures of foreign characters and throw them directly to translation software. People even think that it is a matter of course to use such technology.

But the first person who made the concept of OCR possible may be Dr Edmund Founier Dalbet, who invented the photoelectric reading device more than 100 years ago.

references

[1] d’Albe, E. E. F. (1924). The Moon-element: An Introduction to the Wonders of Selenium. TF Unwin.

[2] Thomas, E. (2021, June 23). A Century Ago, the Optophone Allowed Blind People to Hear the Printed Word. IEEE Spectrum. https://spectrum.ieee.org/tech-history/dawn-of-electronics/ a-century-ago-the-optophone-allowed-blind-people-to-hear-the-printed-word

[3] d’Albe, E. F. (1914). On a type-reading optophone. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character, 90(619), 373-375.

[4] Jameson, M. (1966). The Optophone: Its beginning and development. Bulletin of prosthetics research, 5, 25.

[5] Mann, M. (1949). Reading machine spells out loud. Popular Science, 154(2), 125-7.

[6] Chan, T., Mills, M., & Sayers, J. (2018). Optophonic reading, prototyping optophones. Amodern, (8).

[7] Cooper, F. S., Gaitenby, J. H., & Nye, P. W. (1984). Evolution of reading machines for the blind: Haskins Laboratories’ research as a case history. Veterans Administration, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Rehabilitation R & D Service.

作者：栗子

原标题：《100年前的盲人，怎样读完一本普通印刷书？》

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On April 18th, Tencent sogou Input Method launched the Developer Center, which opened more than 20 capabilities such as input window, status bar and shortcut keys, and supported the secondary development of third-party large models, AI tools and other applications. Enterprise users can independently expand more smart office capabilities based on the input method according to the office needs of the intranet environment.

As the first development partner, Jiuzhang Yunji DataCanvas, a domestic supplier of artificial intelligence basic software, will combine sogou input method to build an exclusive large model for enterprises and launch a privatization solution of "Enterprise Knowledge Management Assistant".

A large number of business information, such as work summaries and technical documents, will be generated in the daily operation of enterprises, which will be stored in different software systems and intelligent terminals, resulting in some problems, such as inconvenient retrieval, long calling link, and difficulty in precipitation and reuse, especially in large enterprises in the fields of energy, finance and manufacturing.

The privatization solution of "enterprise knowledge management assistant" takes the input method as the carrier, and combines the large model ability with the office input scene to simplify the information retrieval process and improve the efficiency of enterprise information utilization.

This solution is based on Jarvex knowledge agent independently developed by Jiuzhang Yunji DataCanvas, and supports the collection, processing and writing of multimodal data such as enterprise texts and pictures into vector database. Using enterprise private domain data, the scheme generates a vertical large model oriented to business scenarios, providing knowledge generation, knowledge question and answer, knowledge management and other capabilities.

Sogou input method has opened up the ability to obtain candidate words. The vertical large enterprise model generated by the scheme can retrieve and analyze the input candidate words, generate professional vocabulary explanation, business data extraction and other information, and directly display it in the input box, so as to realize the instant search.

In addition, the sogou input method also opens up the capabilities of customizing tool windows and shortcut keys. Enterprise users can independently configure common websites and applications in the input method, and create a dedicated tool portal. Tools such as intelligent writing and intelligent dialogue assistant developed based on Jarvex knowledge agent can also be integrated into the input method tool window.

Text | Ten o’clock movie original

You won’t believe it.

Spongebob, which seems young, is actually an adult animation.　

Here, the crab boss will also encounter a midlife crisis.

For the purpose of protecting children, Nick Children’s Channel has removed the episode and other sensitive content.　

However, after revisiting this animated work many times, Lao Mei Er found that its audience is not just children.

The underwater group portrait that people talk about is completely a movie.Illustration of contemporary young people’s survival.

Won the 374th outstanding employee of the month, and then what?　

Spongebob’s name was a misunderstanding from the beginning.

He is actually a post-80s migrant worker named Bob, whose daily job is to be a senior chef in krusty krab restaurant.

　

This title sounds great, but it’s actually nothing.

Because, the crab boss always excuses to delay the salary, and the salary is always lower than the legal minimum.　

As a colleague of Spongebob, Squidward Tentacles has already seen through everything, and he just does his job inefficiently every day.　

But Spongebob is not, always rushing to the forefront like chicken blood, insisting on fighting for the cause that you love for life.

You know, capitalists love this kind of dreamer who is indifferent to fame and fortune.　

Crab boss bought a pair of leather boots for his daughter Pearl Krabs, but he didn’t want to smash them in his hand … It’s easy.　

He turned his head and made up a gimmick that "only the best hamburger chefs in the world are allowed to wear it" to cheat Spongebob out of his salary.　

As a boss, the skill of drawing cakes is not limited to this.He also named Spongebob as the outstanding employee of the month for 374 consecutive years.

As the backbone of several honors, Spongebob is naturally the best choice for the branch manager.　

So, he sat neatly under the stage, his eyes shining, and he was even ready to give a thank-you speech, just waiting for the crab boss to read his name.　

But in the end, it was Squidward Tentacles who got the promotion.　

Why?　

Crab boss said, because Squidward Tentacles is more mature.

On the endless bikini beach, Spongebob’s energetic appearance is a bit out of place.　

So, when Squidward Tentacles accidentally accused him of being a freak, Spongebob decided to be a normal person.　

After trying again and again, he gradually lost his pores, freckles and edges, and replaced them with smooth and smooth.

He wants to change back.　

Spongebob shouldn’t be a nondescript product on the boring life assembly line.　

In order to help him regain himself, he sent a big star to accompany him to do all kinds of unique behaviors.　

When they accidentally fell into the water, the passing fish saw this scene and asked curiously, "Mom, what animal is that?"　

Little fish mother answered:"Those are rubbish, baby, they are not normal people."　

Philosopher: Genius sends big stars? Idiot Patrick?　

When it comes to Patrick, people will think of his friendship with Spongebob for the first time.

You all know the story of catching jellyfish, right?　

Da Xing invited Spongebob to catch jellyfish, but Spongebob refused on the grounds of going to school.　

Spongebob asked, "What do you do when I’m not at home?"　

Patrick replied, "When you come back."

Once, Spongebob and the rascal traveled to the future in a time machine.　

Bikini beach has already turned into a long yellow sand after the famine in Crab Castle.

All the sea creatures are gone.

Only Patrick suddenly poked his head out and told Spongebob in surprise:

"They all gave up on you, but I didn’t, because I’m not very smart."

Pai Daxing is clumsy and often goes wrong, but in an experience of gaining wisdom coral brain, his IQ soared rapidly and he refused to catch jellyfish with Spongebob.

He was not happy after he successfully entered the field of science.　

In order to get back Spongebob, Patrick decided to switch back to his brain and said, "Knowledge can’t replace friendship. I’d rather be an idiot than lose you."

But is Patrick really an idiot?　

When Spongebob is frustrated by his friend’s snobbery, he will make a pertinent statement: "When it comes to money, no one is right or wrong. The key point is whether there is friendship or morality."

He will suddenly go to the restaurant next door to his house for a night, just because "sometimes I want to run away from everything."　

When Squidward Tentacles asked him why he had to bring two boxes of stones to stay in the hotel, he responded confidently: "How do I live is none of your business!"　

He even saw through the social reality: "Life is unfair, get used to it!" "

　
Pai Daxing is a man who is as wise as a fool, and his philosophy of life, which he inadvertently reveals, often leads to a solution for those who are fascinated by the authorities.　

However, detached from things, he will inevitably encounter lonely moments.　

When he saw Spongebob leading Gary the Snail to a pet competition, Patrick suddenly lost control and roared:

"You don’t understand! Spongebob, you never know how lonely it is to be alone behind the blockade … "　

As a migrant worker, Squidward Tentacles is the opposite of Spongebob.

Spongebob always has no feelings, but Squidward Tentacles can see through the nature of capitalists.　

What should we do?

Uprising: breaking the window of the slave kingdom of the crab boss!

Standing on the bikini beach, he loudly complained about the bad behavior of the crab boss, which attracted the support of the passing underwater creatures.　

But, listen to what they are saying-　

Fish A: "I’m hungry after supporting him for a long time."　

Fish B: "Hey, let’s go to krusty krab now."　

Set the underwater creatures, trampling on Squidward Tentacles’s body, and heading for the restaurant.　

Squidward Tentacles lying on the ground was completely doused with enthusiasm, and then murmured:

"No one really cares about the fate of employees. All they really care about is their own happiness."

The cashier’s work day after day kept killing his fighting spirit.

But passion will come back one day: "If one day I really realize my dream, I will never let my feet stand on this greasy floor!" "　

The job is boring and has no future, and the boss is very stingy.　

Therefore, Squidward Tentacles resigned indignantly after being misunderstood by the crab boss that he was an inside job thief, and firmly believed that there was much to be done in the future.　

But in the next scene, he is begging on the roadside in rags, and sees the reality clearly in his life of hitting the wall several times: "I am a loser!" "

Without the means to make a living, homeless.　

Even the dream about artists that has always fascinated him has been ruthlessly killed by life.　

Crab boss had accidentally bumped into Squidward Tentacles in the cemetery.　

When he approached, he found that there was only one sentence on the tombstone:Buried here are Squidward Tentacles’s hopes and dreams.

Alien: There is a Texas squirrel at the bottom of the sea.　

In the vast underwater world, there lives a squirrel from Texas, Sandy.

She is not only good at catching jellyfish like Spongebob and Patrick.

But as a scientist, explorer and inventor, he is good at karate, weightlifting and rodeo, and often wins the first prize in various competitions.　

She’s not like Squidward Tentacles, who is both bereaved and fearful.

Instead, I live a positive life and successfully broaden my circle of friends with excellent social skills.

Sandy is more powerful than all marine animals, but she is the only land creature that appears at the bottom of the sea.　

The alien spacesuit and helmet are destined to make her an underwater alien.　

Once, marine creatures gathered together and laughed at her for not being able to survive here without external assistance.　

After hearing this, she flew into a rage and immediately tore the spacesuit and broke her helmet, trying to blow the arrogance of the other side.

But being as good as Sandy can’t change the physical differences and the geographical disparity.　

She is a Texas squirrel wandering on bikini beach, wandering at the bottom of the sea.

Sandy, who is homesick, occasionally hears a sentence that has nothing to do with her and will instantly break through the defense:

"Fly, little jellyfish, fly back to your own home. You don’t belong to this deep seabed. Go find your friends and family. I know you all miss each other deeply."

Maybe it’s time to leave. Sandy dried her tears and said, "It’s time for the wanderer to go home."　

The pictures in this article are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact and delete.　

coda

This animated work has been released for thirteen seasons in succession.

The seasonal douban score is 9.4+, and the highest score is 9.6.

Even in the off-duty days, people often dig out the details.　

However, this realistic story is still underestimated.　

Because-　

It is not serious, and it often completes the process of self-mockery and introspection in an easy way.　

It doesn’t preach, but it can’t wait to pierce the window paper that stands in front of the truth of life.　

It found us in adjacent dilemmas.

　　Report to the 20th CPC National Congress of the Party pointed out, "Insist on prevention, strengthen the health management of major chronic diseases, and improve the ability of prevention and treatment and health management at the grassroots level." For a long time, China’s medical and health service system has been centered on "treating diseases". With China’s accelerated aging, people with chronic diseases are also showing a younger trend, and the number of chronic diseases is increasing year by year. The 5G+ "Three Morning" health management system proposes to build a more scientific "health"-centered health service system based on the existing medical and health resources and the Internet ecosystem. Professor Guo Qing, Chairman of the Health Management Branch of the Chinese Medical Association and member of the Expert Steering Committee for Health Promotion and Education of the National Health and Wellness Commission, accepted an interview with CCTV reporters on the significance of the 5G+ "three early" model for the health management of chronic diseases and the challenges of its implementation.

　　CCTV reporter: In the field of health services, China faces two major challenges, one is the aging population, and the other is the high incidence of chronic diseases. What do you think is the core task of health management? How to "manage"?

　　Guo Qing:"From treating diseases as the center to focusing on people’s health", it is necessary to pay attention to disease prevention and strengthen the health management of chronic diseases. In this regard, the Health Management Branch of the Chinese Medical Association clearly pointed out that the focus of health management is to promote the health of all citizens, put the prevention of serious diseases at the forefront of the strategy, and carry out effective chronic disease health management for hundreds of millions of chronic patients.

　　In 2021, I took the lead in successfully applying for three important research projects, whether it was the top ten engineering and technical problems of China Association for Science and Technology, the national natural science foundation project focusing on basic research, and the scene application pilot of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology in the field of 5G and National Health Commission, all of which focused on the field of "5G+ health management". We use the digital code "533" to organically combine these three projects, which is called "533 Health Management Project". "5" stands for "5g" & mdash; — Because we need the support of 5G, big data, wearable devices and artificial intelligence systems, rely on technology empowerment, innovate health service models, and continuously and dynamically monitor the health status of the body. The first "3" is the core connotation of health management — — Three early, that is, "early screening, early evaluation and early intervention", refers to the prevention-oriented, screening for the whole population to find out the risk factors; Multi-dimensional, multi-level and continuous evaluation of related risk factors causing diseases; Promote health education and health promotion, cultivate healthy lifestyle and behavior habits, and remove risk factors. The second "3" refers to "three complete", that is "The goal of the whole population, all-round and full life cycle. Intervening in all directions will benefit the whole population and cover the whole cycle from the gestation to the end of life for each individual. Popular and easy to remember, "533" means "My life is healthy and endless".

　　CCTV reporter: What is the current progress of the "533 Health Management Project"?

　　Guo Qing:In 2022, under the guidance of the Office of the Healthy China Promotion Committee, we included the "533 Health Management Project" into one of the specific landing projects of the Healthy China Action. Since the beginning of this year, we have extensively promoted the pilot and landing of the "533 Health Management Project" nationwide. For example, in Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi and other places, we have carried out pilot projects that extend from hospitals to communities and then to families, affecting the specific landing of millions of people.

　　Take diabetes as an example, there are 140 million diagnosed diabetic patients in China, and nearly 500 million people are in pre-diabetes, that is, abnormal blood sugar. In view of this huge group, it is necessary to carry out effective health management of diabetes. The "533 Health Management Project" emphasizes the need to monitor the changes of blood sugar in real time. When the individual has not become a diabetic or is still in the early stage, the blood sugar will be continuously, dynamically and in real time through technical means such as 5G. According to different situations, early warning is issued, and personalized diet and exercise matching scheme is formulated to realize blood sugar control. In addition, there are currently 300 million hypertensive patients in China. In view of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction and stroke, we have also established the landing mode of "533 Health Management Project", and proposed to improve the establishment of the upstream system and carry out continuous, dynamic and real-time monitoring, evaluation and intervention.

　　CCTV reporter: From the hospital to the community to the family, how to realize the health management of chronic diseases and improve the health level of residents?

　　Guo Qing:It can be said that the "treatment-centered" model in the past few decades has placed the main focus of medical resource allocation on large hospitals. It is not enough to promote the "533 Health Management Project" only by large hospitals, but also by extending from hospitals to community health service institutions that are more closely related to the people. Because their main task is to focus on prevention and carry out the prevention and treatment of common diseases. However, it is not enough to extend to community health service centers, but also to families. For individuals, almost one-third of the time is spent at home, and most activities such as daily life and diet are at home. Extending health services to families can be closely linked with everyone’s daily life and realize effective health management. Due to the limited medical staff, family health services also need to use big data, wearable devices, artificial intelligence systems and other scientific and technological means to monitor the health status of members in real time. Now scientific and technological progress provides us with the possibility of research in this field. In the future, the health management of chronic diseases will certainly develop in this direction.

　　CCTV reporter: At present, what are the opportunities and challenges in the implementation of the 5G+ "three early" health management application pilot?

　　Guo Qing:Looking at the forefront of international science and technology, the research and development progress of big data, wearable devices and artificial intelligence, and the emphasis on application scenarios in the medical and health field have also provided technical means for 5G+ "three early". Many colleagues in the industry feel that we must seize the once-in-a-lifetime historical development opportunity.

　　On the other hand, the challenge we face is that there is no ready-made model for reference, and it is difficult to innovate. As the name implies, "health management project" is called "project", which needs to be implemented, and there are still many unresolved technical problems in the process of promotion. In addition, our professional and technical team should focus on health from the past. According to the demand characteristics of the new service model, we should establish the awareness of active health and attach importance to service, make it clear that everyone is the first responsible person for their own health, and improve public health literacy. Specific to the action, it is necessary to increase the training of professional and technical teams, including the training of a large number of health managers and community health assistants. Regularly hold pilot seminars to share and promote advanced experience nationwide, accelerate the implementation progress, and help the Healthy China Action. (Intern reporter)
Huang Jiong Rui, reporter Zhang Ke, design Yan Ni, proofread Li Yingzhuo)

　　　　　　 CCTV News:The first Global Refugee Forum was held in Geneva on the 16th. On the same day, UNHCR held a press conference, calling on the international community to pay more attention to the refugee problem, discuss solutions together, and take measures to strengthen the protection of refugees.

　　　　　　 According to the latest statistics released by UNHCR, at present, more than 70.8 million people in the world have been forced to flee their homes, which is 20 times that of 20 years ago and the highest in nearly 70 years. This includes 25.9 million refugees, more than half of whom are minors under 18.

　　　　　　 Dominique Hyde, Director of the External Relations Department of UNHCR: "There are many reasons why people flee their homes, such as conflicts, wars and climate change. I think the most important thing is that no one will take the initiative to choose to flee. Everyone wants to stay in their hometown and continue to work with their families. "

　　　　　　 Dominique Hyde said that solving the refugee problem needs the support of the international community, and the first Global Refugee Forum will increase assistance and support for refugees in terms of housing, water, clean energy and financial services.

　　　　　　 Dominic Hyde: "The Global Refugee Forum is a historic moment. We look forward to bringing refugees, all sectors of society and the United Nations together to discuss how to solve the refugee problem."

　　　　　　 [Annual Global Trends Report] Four Interpretations of Global Refugee Reports

　　　　　　 In June this year, UNHCR released its annual Global Trends report, which made statistics and interpretation on the situation of refugees and displaced persons around the world.

　　　　　　 According to UNHCR’s Global Trends report, the main reasons for the increase in the number of refugees around the world are political conflicts, wars or persecution. By the end of 2018, the number of refugees who fled other countries for these reasons was about 25.9 million, an increase of 500,000 over 2017.

　　　　　　 From the source of refugees, refugees from Syria, Afghanistan, South Sudan, Myanmar and Somalia account for 67% of the total number of refugees in the world. There are 6.7 million refugees in Syria, 2.7 million in Afghanistan, 2.3 million in South Sudan, 1.1 million in Myanmar and 900,000 in Somalia.

　　　　　　 The Global Trends report also pointed out that more than half of them are minors under the age of 18. Many of them are unaccompanied and alone.

　　　　　　 The most unexpected thing about the Global Trends report is that among the countries receiving refugees in the world, the top countries are not western developed countries such as Europe and America. Among them, western high-income countries receive 2.7 refugees per 1,000 people on average, middle-and low-income countries receive 5.8 refugees per 1,000 people on average, and the poorest countries receive one-third of the world’s refugees.

　　　　　　 [News Watch] Where will the global refugee problem go?

　　　　　　 According to UNHCR figures, by the end of 2018, only 0.5% of the 25.9 million refugees in the world had been resettled in other countries. On the one hand, the scale of refugees caused by war and other reasons is increasing, on the other hand, Western countries such as Europe and the United States are tightening their refugee policies. Where the global refugee problem will go is a serious problem that the international community must face squarely.

　　　　　　 At present, UNHCR is helping refugees from countries of origin in West Asia and North Africa to reach European countries such as Italy through emergency transit mechanism. However, since the launch of this mechanism in 2017, only 5,100 people have benefited, which is only a drop in the bucket compared with the huge number of refugees.

　　　　　　 According to UNHCR data, Germany is currently the largest refugee receiving country in Europe, with a total of about 1.1 million people, but this figure has not increased significantly compared with 2015. According to German media reports, about two-thirds of refugee applications were rejected by the German government this year. European countries such as Greece, which are at the "front line" of refugee reception, have also tightened their asylum laws.

　　　　　　 Some experts said that the overall economic downturn in Europe, coupled with the rise of populist forces, xenophobia and conservatism have become the mainstream of European discourse, which has caused the current "self-centered" political atmosphere and led to the tightening of refugee policies in European countries.

　　　　　　 Outside Europe, the United States has lowered the scale of refugee reception for three consecutive years, which has increased the pressure of global reception. According to the November 4th report of Time Magazine, the upper limit of accepting refugees in the United States will be reduced to 18,000 in fiscal year 2020. The UNHCR said that the US decision not only put thousands of refugees at risk, but also released negative pressure signals to other countries.

At the 2024 Guangzhou Auto Show, Hongqi Guoya, a large car owned by Hongqi brand, was officially listed.The new car will launch two models with a price range of 1.4-1.86 million yuan.The brand-new product of Hongqi Guoyawei Golden Sunflower Family is positioned as the flagship model of Hongqi brand. The appearance of the vehicle shows the unique design aesthetics of the flagship national car, such as the internal texture of the headlights, the decorative design of the front enclosure, and the introduction of a large number of chrome decoration and two-color body.

In terms of appearance, the front face of the new car adopts a large-size straight waterfall grille design, and a large number of chrome-plated materials are incorporated, which has a strong visual impact. The hollowed-out design around the front of the new car is quite unique. The lower air intake grille is decorated with a little chrome, and there are feather-like patterns on both sides, so the design style is quite unique. The headlight group of the vehicle adopts a rounded outer contour, and the lamp holder with lens inside is in a vertical layout. The interior detail design of the headlight group lamp cavity is extremely exquisite, and the unique texture design presents a diamond-like shine in the light. In addition, Guoya has also adopted the design of lifting vertical standard, which can be tilted forward by 23.5 degrees. Guoya’s headlights integrate the megapixel DLP projection function, which can realize the functions of road sign reminder, pedestrian accurate reminder, road information projection and so on.

On the side of the car body, the straight shoulder line and waistline of the new car highlight the feeling of smooth style, and the chrome-plated decorative strip above the threshold rises slightly and extends to the rear of the car, adding a proper sense of movement to Guoya’s sideways. In terms of body size, the length, width and height of the vehicle are 5353/1998/1511mm and the wheelbase is 3260mm respectively. At the rear of the car, the design of the new car is simple, round and elegant. The taillight design is derived from the palace lantern shape, and the decorative strip shape is taken from the eaves of the ancient Chinese palace, which shows nobility and dignity. The horizontal chrome trim strip on the tailgate and the chrome trim strip at the exhaust port of the rear bumper well balance the visual height of the rear, and further enrich the layering of the rear design.

In terms of interior, the overall shape of the vehicle is a combination of classic and modern, with a retro-decorated two-color steering wheel, a center console with a quartz clock and a large screen, and a wooden decorative board and touch buttons. The control buttons of the seat are designed on the door, so users don’t have to search for function buttons in the screen. Of course, there is also a necessary control screen in the back row, and two independent seats show dignity. The rear seat cushion is quite thick and has the functions of seat adjustment, heating, ventilation, memory and massage. The new car has two kinds of cockpit layouts: four doors, five seats and four doors, four seats, among which the rear row of four seats adopts the design of penetrating central armrest.

In terms of power, the new car will be equipped with two HEV hybrid systems. The first is the HEV hybrid system consisting of a 3.0T turbocharged six-cylinder engine and an electric motor, in which the maximum power of the engine is 280 kW (381 HP) and the maximum torque is 570 Nm; Followed by a 4.0T turbocharged V8 engine+electric motor HEV hybrid system, the maximum power of the engine is 350 kW (476 HP) and the maximum torque is 680 Nm. In terms of transmission system, both power systems are matched with 8-speed automatic manual transmission and four-wheel drive system. The acceleration time of V6 version 0-100km/h is 4.8 seconds, and that of V8 version 0-100km/h is 4.3 seconds.

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In [car home Chongqing Preferential Promotion Channel], we bring you exciting good news: there is a big preferential activity in Chongqing. It is understood that the maximum discount rate reached an astonishing 0.4 million yuan, which reduced the minimum starting price of this popular small SUV to 89,800 yuan. This undoubtedly provides an excellent opportunity for consumers who are interested in buying Baojun Yueye Plus. If you want to seize this offer, you may wish to click "Check the car price" in the quotation form to get more accurate preferential information and ensure that you can start with your favorite car at the best price.

Baojun Yueye Plus creates a dynamic appearance with its unique design concept. The front face is exquisitely designed, and the air intake grille adopts a bold and recognizable grid layout with smooth lines, showing the combination of strength and fashion. The overall style is biased towards modern urban feeling, and the body lines are tough, giving people a positive driving desire, which is an ideal choice for young consumers to pursue individuality and practicality.

The side lines of Baojun Yueye Plus are smooth and dynamic, with a body size of 3996mm*1760mm*1726mm and a wheelbase of 2560mm, showing a good body proportion. The front and rear wheel tracks are 1515mm and 1520mm respectively, which ensures the stability of the vehicle. Tyre size adopts 205/60 R16 with simple and practical rim design, which not only improves the grip when driving, but also gives the vehicle a unique visual style. On the whole, the side design of Baojun Yueye Plus takes both practicality and aesthetics into account, which fully embodies its characteristics of exquisiteness and practicality.

The interior design of Baojun Yueye Plus combines modern and concise styles, showing a combination of fashion and practicality. The steering wheel is made of leather with good texture, which is not only comfortable to hold, but also supports manual adjustment up and down to meet the individual needs of drivers. The center console is equipped with a large touch screen of 10.1 inches, which provides clear display and rich multimedia functions, including navigation, telephone and air conditioning control, and supports voice recognition, making the operation more convenient.

In terms of seats, leather-like materials are used to provide good ride comfort and durability. The main driver’s seat supports front and rear adjustment, backrest adjustment and two-way adjustment to meet the individual needs of long-distance driving. The co-pilot seat also has the functions of front and rear adjustment and backrest adjustment, providing passengers with a comfortable riding experience. The rear seat supports the proportional tilting, which is extremely flexible and can flexibly adjust the space to meet various loading requirements. On the whole, the interior design of Baojun Yueye Plus pays attention to practicality and humanization, and is committed to improving the daily car experience of drivers and passengers.

Baojun Yueye Plus is equipped with a high-efficiency engine with a maximum power of 75 kW, which can provide stable power output. The torque performance is equally excellent, reaching 180 Nm, which not only ensures the smoothness of the vehicle in daily driving, but also meets the driver’s expectation for driving pleasure. The excellent performance of this engine is an important part of its excellent performance.

Generally speaking, Baojunyue Plus has won the recognition of the car owners with its simple and generous interior design, and the beige interior really adds a warm style to the interior space. However, for the cleaning problems in daily use, the dirty spots he mentioned also remind potential car owners to do a good job of maintenance and care. Despite this, the inner charm of Baojunyue Plus has left a deep impression on many car owners.

　　"Wanda Group is considering the sale of 20 shopping malls in Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other places. Each project is seeking a valuation of about 700 million yuan to 800 million yuan, depending on the location and business. The price of a shopping mall in Shanghai may be as high as 1 billion yuan."

　　Recently, Meizu bought a 100-meter advertising booth at the Capital Airport, boldly declaring: "AI For New Generations, a new generation of artificial intelligence, I am Meizu." However, Meizu officials did not specify what kind of AI equipment will be launched, only that there will be a new "tomorrow equipment" will be unveiled soon.

　　AI artificial intelligence, a mysterious word, has actually become ubiquitous in our lives. From smartphones and smart homes to driverless cars and medical care, the application of AI models is constantly expanding, bringing unprecedented changes to our lives. In this era of Internet of Everything, whoever can master AI technology will be able to take the lead in the future artificial intelligence competition.

　　Domestic mobile phone manufacturers have obviously realized this. Huawei, Xiaomi, OPPO and other brands have all laid out AI models, striving to gain a place in the fierce market competition. Now, Meizu has also joined the competition, which will undoubtedly make the competition more intense.

　　As a mobile phone manufacturer centered on design, quality and user experience, Meizu’s move this time seems to be a signal: in the future, Meizu will strive to create smarter and more personalized products to provide users with a more convenient and efficient life experience. ALL in AI is fully transformed, and Meizu’s "tomorrow device" will be a mobile phone? Or a new product line?

　　Although it is not clear what kind of AI equipment Meizu will launch, it is foreseeable that with the continuous maturity of AI big model technology, future Meizu products will be more intelligent and more user-friendly. Perhaps, in the near future, we can see a Meizu intelligent machine integrated with AI big model.

　　For mobile phone manufacturers, the AI big model is recognized as the future development track and direction. Although the application of AI at the end point of smartphones is still relatively primary, the future popularization and promotion are still worth looking forward to. Meizu’s early deployment of AI at this stage may bring users smarter end point interactions and more efficient AI experience changes.

The annual Rice Noodle Festival is coming again, and the rice noodles will not miss this opportunity to pick up wool. After all, the "Mi Family Grocery Store" can be said to take care of all aspects of our lives. As long as you can think of it, the Mi Family will definitely have it, and if you can’t think of it, the Mi Family will also have it. In the upcoming Rice Noodle Festival, which products can we choose to improve our quality of life without stepping on the pit? Take a look at my personal wishes and good things.

Close your eyes and enter the no problem series

The products recommended here are mainly classic products, with good reputation and sales. They are also part of the products I recommend to my friends.

1. Xiaomi Power Bank 3

The current price of this power bank is 79 yuan. I am personally quite satisfied with this power bank. Although this one is an old model, it is only 1000mAh, but it is enough for me. There is no problem at all when going out and getting on the plane. And the appearance is still at the upper and middle levels. The charging rate of 18W fast charging can keep up, and the feel is also good. I am satisfied with such a power bank at this price. The Rice Noodles Festival is coming soon. Friends in need can pay more attention.

2. Xiao Ai

It is estimated that many people have come into contact with Mijia smart products from the smart speaker of Xiao Ai, and now Xiao Ai has multiple versions. The official is quite considerate and has also given a choice plan, allowing us to choose according to our personal needs.

Personally, I still use the original version, yes, because of poverty. But this version is enough for me. Just play music every day, and make fun of it when I’m bored. I don’t have any more Mijia smart devices in the house I rent now.

Friends in need can access the universal remote control version. Basically, all devices at home can be controlled, and voice control of things at home is still quite cool.

Conditional friends can choose the HD version of Xiao Ai Classmate, which looks a little more advanced. And it can be linked with the smart home at home, which is equivalent to an extra housekeeper, and the experience will be higher in all aspects. After all, where is the price?

Finally, there is a touch screen version, which may be for Baidu’s small competition, and it can indeed provide more functions. And it can also be connected with the smart doorbell and directly turned into a video doorbell set. The security function is also available, which is quite good.

Overall, the functions are similar, and friends who need it can learn more about themselves and choose the one that suits them.

3. Xiaomi Desk Lamp 1S

Because I am renting a house now, there are really few sockets in the room, and the switch is 108,000 miles away from the bed! The desk lamp is a must. This desk lamp is easy to operate, the lighting is relatively soft, and it is much easier to use than touch. In addition, it has a high value. Close your eyes and enter. If there are children at home studying, you can also choose this, which is suitable.

4. Purple rice apple PD fast charging set

I don’t know why my charging cable wears out so fast. The official website price of the data cable of the Apple mobile phone makes me think that sewing and mending will actually work for another three years. Recently, all mobile phones support fast charging, and Apple’s fast charging head persuaded me to quit again. I still have the Purple Rice Apple PD fast charging set, which costs only a few dozen yuan. I think 18W fast charging is enough. The key is that it is not expensive. I can stock up on more.

5. Mi Band 4

As a contemporary fetid young man, staying up late while fearing death has become a daily routine. Smart bracelets can help us detect heart rate, and of course there are many other functions. The Mi Band 4 already supports color screens. In addition to detecting heart rate, it can also be used as a fitness trainer. I started with the NFC version, which can brush access control and bus, which is very convenient. In addition, the cost performance is relatively high. It can be used for about two weeks on a single charge, and the feel is very comfortable. It is not a loss to buy.

6. Xiaomi automatic hand sanitizer

This is one of the products recommended by Lao Luo during the live broadcast. I have always disliked washing my hands with soap, and I always feel that it is unhygienic. Ordinary hand sanitizers have to be touched often, but they still feel unhygienic. In addition to the recent situation, I want to wash my hands after touching everything, and this automatic hand sanitizer is very suitable. I have used it for a while and think it is not bad. The sensor is still very sensitive, and the top light will light up when the foam comes out, which is quite interesting. But I just hope that the Mi family can develop more fragrances.

7. Mijia Sonic Electric Toothbrush T100

This is an entry-level product, and the price of this ordinary toothbrush is not a loss for a sonic electric toothbrush. This toothbrush 18,500 rpm, you can still achieve the feeling of feeling clean in your mouth after brushing your teeth, and it can basically last for a month on a single charge. I like it small and easy to carry, and the big one at home is not easy to bring. If you go to a friend’s house for a night or a business trip, this is just right. If you want to experience an electric toothbrush, you can enter this, and buy other products after getting used to it.

Office life hoarding series

There are also some small items worth buying in daily office and life. Although these items may be easily accessible by opening a shopping APP, they are not expensive in terms of appearance and performance. If you can’t buy them at this price, you can’t be fooled. Just be happy.

1. Xiaomi Rainbow Battery

There are some things in the unit that need batteries. At home, the main thing is to use batteries for the password door. Eight batteries at a time, although it can last for a long time, it is also a consumable. I bought No. 7 batteries in a box of 10. It’s just that the colors in one box are different, which is easy to drive crazy and obsessive-compulsive. Anyway, it’s not expensive, so I collected all the colors, and then reinstalled them according to the color classification, which is quite decompression. The battery itself is not much different from Nanfu, it depends on everyone’s preference. If you need No. 5 batteries, just search it directly, it’s the same.

2. Mijia gender-neutral pen

Giant power writing gender-neutral pen

Although it was no longer the time to go to school, the consumption of pens slowed down a lot, but it was better to write them down quickly when meeting and when the leader assigned tasks. Although computers and mobile phones were very convenient, there were still quite a lot of times when using pens at work. The Mijia Ju can write neutral pens are really easy to use, the writing is smooth, and it is durable. There is no need to change the core frequently, and there are very few situations where the pen does not come out of the water in a hurry. I bought ten packs, and the price is not expensive. The price of a pen is less than 1 yuan, and the real color stationery is not more expensive than this? It is recommended to enter.

Metal signature pen

In addition to the giant writing recommended above, I recommend everyone to buy this metal signature pen, which feels good for daily use. It is mainly used when going out to meet customers and talk about business. Doesn’t this look a bit business-like? Pens are all about whether they are good or not, and whether they look good or not. This metal signature pen is occupied and can be used.

3. Fizz utility knife

This was bought with the gender-neutral pen at that time. At that time, it was simply coveted for its beauty, which was less than 10 yuan. Anyway, it will always be used. After starting, the texture is not bad, the knife is also very sharp and durable, and the workmanship is also very fine. It also comes with a folding knife device. It’s easy to break after trying it, and it’s not troublesome. It would be great if I could give away the blade, but I may be thinking too much about this price, haha.

4. Mobile phone desktop holder

I bought two of these, one for use in the unit and one for use at home. If it is in the unit, it is mainly used for mobile phones, which is convenient to charge, and you don’t need to look down at the mobile phone or pick it up, just operate it directly. If you are at home, it is mainly used for tablets, and you can watch dramas while eating. The measured stability is still OK, and this design will not feel too abrupt when used in the unit.

Enhance the quality of life series

1. Xiaomi intelligent multi-mode gateway

As a Mijia intelligent linkage hub, this one supports three communication protocols: ZigBee, WiFi, Bluetooth & Bluetooth Mesh. A gateway can realize the interconnection of devices with different protocols above, making it easier to create a smart home. At the same time, it is compatible with Apple HomeKit, which can control the intelligence in the home through built-in Siri or home APP such as iPhone. The above content is from the introduction of the official website. A simple translation is that you can connect anything, and you can connect anything you want.

2. Smart light strip

I personally think that the smart light strip is a very practical item in our life, which can help us improve the quality of life. Moreover, this smart light strip can be bent arbitrarily, and it can be pasted on as long as there is a socket. Whether it is used as a bedside night light, or as a lighting light around the bathroom mirror, or it can be arranged around the bed as a night light, it is very good. But this can’t be cut by yourself, so you need to communicate in more detail before purchasing to determine the size. In addition, it can be controlled by mobile phone and Xiao Ai, which is very convenient.

3. Sweeping robot

There are still quite a few sweeping robots in Mijia, but the one I personally recommend the most is the stone sweeping robot, the intelligent sweeping and dragging model. Although this one is relatively more expensive, the map partition has been upgraded, and the room can be partitioned and cleaned. The measured use effect is good, the suction force is strong, the mopping is also good, and it will not be too noisy. The most important thing is to save time and effort. After the cleaning is set, you won’t have to worry about it yourself. Isn’t the time saved sleeping fragrant?

4. Juicer

I started this product for convenience and trouble, and there is no need to make breakfast in the morning. The effect of this cooking machine is still quite good. The design of the 6-knife head juices more delicate. And it adopts a press start design, which is very safe and convenient, the operation is also simple, and it is easier to get started. It is also troublesome. Cleaning is also very convenient, and it can be done with a flush, which is very suitable for lazy people like me. Generally, carrots, apples, and milk are juiced, or banana milk. Anyway, it will not be too difficult to drink with milk. Unlock it slowly.

5. Instant hot water dispenser

I used to use a water dispenser at home, but it broke when I moved, and during this time, due to the impact of the pandemic, the water delivery master could not go upstairs, and I couldn’t move the bottled water myself. It was really expensive to buy mineral water. Fortunately, I found this instant hot water dispenser, which is hot and comes out immediately, with a 4-speed water temperature and a 3.0L water tank. This is enough for my daily life, and it is also convenient and worry-free. In addition, the appearance is also good-looking, and the water outlet is stable. Don’t hesitate, girls.

6. Smart camera PTZ version

The unit needs to have a monitoring point to watch the company’s property, and pets at home also need to be paid attention to at all times. You can choose this one and start it. It can also support flip-flop, remote monitoring, remote operation, and two-way dialogue. The picture is clear, the operation is easy, you will be prompted on the mobile phone, the clarity is high, the quality is high, the installation is easy, the function is rich, the night vision function is strong, and the monitoring is comprehensive. It can also be tracked in human form, which is a very good product to use. Friends with furry children at home recommend entering.

This is all the sharing content this time. What do you like about the Rice Noodle Festival? Come and plant grass for each other~