佛山桑拿

[Topic of the 2nd issue of the Forum]The machine has a "north nose", doesn’t it smell good?

Many people believe that "robot companion" will be the broadest market and the biggest driving force for the development of intelligent robots in the future. The so-called "eating sex" is not a strange idea. Of course, the companion robots we need are not limited to intimate "robot little brother" and "robot little sister", but also include chatting and heart-to-heart robot "intimate person" or playing with them.accompanyCrazy machine "idiot buddy", machine "plastic girlfriend", and even Dink family’s machine "son", "daughter" and "pet". What will happen to mankind and the world if the society is full of machines with "northern noses"? The second phase of the Forum on "Technology Generation and the Future of Human Beings" is about machine companionship. In particular, Professor Duan Weiwen from China Academy of Social Sciences, Professor Liu Yongmou from Renmin University of China, Professor Yan Hongxiu from Shanghai Jiaotong University and Professor Yang Qingfeng from Fudan University are invited to write articles from different angles in the form of North-South cooperation and Beijing-Shanghai dialogue. Yan Hongxiu’s "Distance between Man and Robot" reminds people to keep a safe distance from robots. Liu Yongmou’s "Will Machine Sex Swallow Human Nature?" I believe that robot companions will not lead to human mechanization. Yang Qingfeng’s "A robot that hates for love?" It is believed that intimate companionship will fundamentally change the relationship between man and machine. Duan Weiwen’s companion robot, really you lose? In-depth analysis of typical ethical issues of companion machines at the design level. Interestingly, from the perspective of counter)- pro companion robot, Yang Qingfeng’s and Liu Yongmou’s views on the intimate relationship between man and robot, and Yan Hongxiu’s and Duan Weiwen’s views on the distance between man and robot seem to have a little relative meaning.

Stills of American science fiction movie "She"

"Distance" Surrounded by Man and Robot

Yan Hongxiu (Shanghai Jiaotong University)

If the 18th-century French philosopher Juriens Aufrou de la Metri’s book Man is a Machine has narrowed the distance between man and machine from the perspective of human self-cognition, then the description of robot identity in the book Rosam’s Universal Robot by Czech writer karel capek in the early 20th century has switched the distance between man and machine many times. In the 21st century, martin rees, the former president of the Royal Society, a famous astronomer and a professor at Cambridge University, regarded robots as an element of his thinking about "the future of mankind on earth". In his book A Brief History of the Future, Israeli historian yuval harari wrote the threat posed by robots into his interpretation of "Great Separation", from which we can realize the complexity of the distance between human beings and robots.

The subtle distance between man and robot.

Whether people are machines, machines personify people, robots are enslaved by people, people enslave robots, robots threaten or betray and resist people, etc., they are all different expressions of mechanization of people and humanization of machines. In other words, they all describe the "distance" between man and machine. Looking back on the development of robots in recent years, the distance between robots and people is getting closer and closer. For example, according to the International Federation of Robotics’s "World Robotics Report 2019", in 2018, the annual sales of global industrial robots reached 16.5 billion dollars, and the cooperative robots (cobots) will be analyzed for the first time. This year, during the epidemic prevention and control period, the "intellectual" aid of the anti-epidemic machine has become a landscape of the anti-epidemic front.

Nowadays, robots have moved from the traditional industrialization scene to the companionship and housekeeping affairs in human daily life, and the man-machine symbiosis has moved from fantasy to reality. With this reality, the degree of anthropomorphization of robots is getting higher and higher. What goes hand in hand with this reality is that people’s mechanization has attracted more and more attention. It is these two aspects that further aggravate the subtlety of "distance" between human and robot.

Looking back on the past, when the robot can complete the tasks entrusted to it by human beings, human beings feel that the distance between the robot and themselves is getting closer in the cooperation between human beings and machines; On the other hand, if it can’t, it will bring the distance between the robot and people. But at present, the research and development and application of chatting robots and emotional robots are aimed at bringing people closer to robots, but at the same time, they bring some distance. Obviously, this far and near point to different dimensions.

Closer the distance between who and who, and farther the distance between who and who.

Jerry Kaplan, an American expert in artificial intelligence, described the robot as a new "virus" spreading wildly, and in his book "The Age of Artificial Intelligence-The Great Future of Wealth, Work and Thinking under Man-Machine Symbiosis", he highlighted the judgment that "you must adapt to the requirements of the robot because he will not obey your requirements" with emphasized fonts. In other words, from this time on, in the process of being surrounded by robots, the "distance" between people and robots is being squeezed closer by robots. It is also in this process that robots discipline or domesticate people. For example, in daily life, the interaction between people and robot assistants is actually the interaction between human thinking and robot thinking, and it is frustrating that in this interaction, in the process of robots adapting to people through deep learning, there are also signs that people are beginning to adapt to robot thinking.

Taking human beings reaching a destination with the help of navigation system as an example, human thinking is influenced by machine thinking as follows: people turn on the navigation system as masters, but then interact according to the machine thinking of the navigation system; When several people sitting in the same car receive several different schemes to achieve the same goal, there may be scenes in which human beings shelve the navigation system, there may be heated discussions about which system is better, and there may be a choice between different systems. On the other hand, the latter two scenes, in essence, are actually pulling people apart in the process of getting closer to robots.

When robots are getting closer and closer to people through continuous learning, human beings suddenly realize that their subjectivity is constantly being squeezed. Maybe human beings will be a leisure class, but they may also be useless. However, in any case, when swarm robotics attacks systematically, it may change the distance between people and robots into the distance between robots, and human beings’ ability to control the distance is getting smaller and smaller, or further, they lose this ability. Obviously, this "distance" is not what human beings expect.

We should keep a safe distance between people and robots, thus creating beauty.

So, what kind of distance should we keep in the face of the development of robots? On this issue, it is not so much the ideal distance between man and robot as the safe distance. Pierrot Scarufi, a global expert in artificial intelligence and cognitive science in the United States, once pointed out that human civilization will go through three stages based on the Turing test between man and machine: machine stupidity coexisting with human intelligence, machine intelligence coexisting with human intelligence, and machine intelligence coexisting with human stupidity. There is no doubt that human beings expect their own intelligence to be always online and have the ability to control machine intelligence, no matter whether the machine is stupid or intelligent.

When human beings focus on building robot ethics, in fact, human beings have realized that the distance between human beings and robots is no longer safe; When humans try to improve the similarity between robots and people, humans try to embrace robots and try to make robots embrace humans. However, when this two-way hug turns into a tight embrace, especially when the seemingly moist embrace of the robot hypnotizes people into a dream, and there is a sense of suffocation in this dream, at this time, perhaps not all but some human beings’ instinct for survival will suddenly come and demand to defend themselves by keeping a proper distance to preserve their human nature.

Therefore, humans may realize that the embrace between humans and robots really needs a little "distance", that is, a safe distance. However, it seems unclear how far or how close this "distance" is, because it still takes a process for human beings as a whole to reach a consensus on their desire to survive.

Will machine sex devour human nature?

Liu Yongmou (Renmin University of China)

Needless to say, "machine sex" is the most eye-catching topic in the field of artificial intelligence.

Many opponents believe that companion robots are becoming more and more realistic, and more and more people will live with them-some people have married inflatable dolls and virtual dolls "Hatsune Hatsune"-and over time, people will become more and more like machines, that is, lose humanity to a certain extent. I call it "the worry of human mechanization" in the intelligent age.

The "worry about human mechanization" has a long history, which can be traced back to the industrial revolution. Morrison believes: "The victory of industrialism is not only to turn individuals into slaves of machines, but also to turn individuals into components of machines." So far, people don’t think that people have been "mechanized". But opponents will say that the robot companion is not a general machine, and deeply invades the core sex area of human emotions and interpersonal relationships. Won’t this shake, damage or even devour human nature?

Physical relationships are not mysterious.

Many people look at physical relationships very differently. Lady white snake has been practicing for thousands of years, but he still doesn’t understand human nature. He must fall in love and get married with Xu Xian, and he can’t understand human nature until he is "indescribable" many times. It seems that human nature is a kind of flowing "hot element": snakes are intimate with people and can be slowly "injected" into human nature. On the other hand, will Xu Xian "snake"? Having been with snake spirits for a long time, Xu Xian’s life is worrying. Is this the result of the "loss" of human nature? Should the "flow" of human nature obey the law of conservation of transformation?

If there is a difference in the "spiritual value" between human beings and snakes, is there a difference in the "human value" owned by individuals of different races, sexes and regions? Many people think that cruel criminals and severely mentally retarded people are less human. If there is a gap in "human nature value", should the treatment enjoyed be different? Another one, the higher the "human value", the better? As far as loyalty is concerned, is "dog nature" better? What is human nature?

It is very important, mysterious and "essential" to regard sex, leaving a strong breath of sexual obscurantism. Freud tried to explain all human behaviors with sex and Libido, and his psychoanalysis was questioned as a modern version of ancient sexual worship. Many theorists have excluded it from science and regarded it as a philosophical or literary reverie.

Some people will argue that sexual relationship is not a simple physical exercise, but more importantly, the feelings attached to it. The question is: can people only have feelings with people, but not with robots? Many people have deep feelings for their pets at home. Opponents will say that pets are different from robot companions. Pets have life and spirituality. Can there be life to be spiritual? Chinese always believed that jade has spirit, and the Monkey King was conceived from stone. When a companion robot can "talk" and move like a human, its intelligence is far superior to that of a pet, and it can also copy itself. Why is it lower than the "spiritual value" of a pet? Besides, why can’t people have feelings for inanimate things? We like wenwan and antiquities, and build various museums. There are no emotional factors for them?

Love is not eternal.

Of course, opponents can say that they are worried about the love between people and their robot partners, not all feelings, because love is the most precious emotion of people and machines are not allowed to get their hands on it.

However, fetishism is not uncommon, and stockings, uniforms and underwear are the most common fetishes. In ancient Greek mythology, there is a fetish story of King Pygmalion, which tells that he fell in love with a beautiful girl carved with ivory. The king dressed her, named her Cerati, and hugged and kissed her every day. Later, the goddess of love turned the statue into a living person and married Pygmalion. Some people think that fetishes can be used to explain China’s ancient foot-binding, 19th century western waist-binding and contemporary breast augmentation fashion. From the fetish point of view, people may certainly fall in love with robot companions.

Opponents will say that sacred love cannot be defiled by fetishes. Indeed, the supremacy of love is very popular in metropolises, especially for the middle class and Wen Qing, who are well-fed and well-dressed. It is simply sublimated into "emotional ideology": "If you have money and leisure, don’t talk about Buddhism, just talk about love." However, in reality, how much constant love is enviable and respectable? Some studies believe that love is the result of the secretion of certain dopamine substances, which lasts for 18 months. In theory, people’s love for robot partners can last so long.

It is only in the last few hundred years that the saying of "eternal love" between a man and a woman prevailed, mainly due to the tireless advocacy after the rise of Christianity. In the Middle Ages of Europe, on the one hand, the church preached the one-on-one relationship severely, and on the other hand, the relationship between lovers was in fact chaotic. Bebel pointed out in "Women and Socialism" that since the rise of chivalrous novels, boasting about conquering women has gradually turned into so-called "chivalry" of praising love and respecting women, but the true chivalrous love is mostly a story of beginning chaos and ending abandonment, and the faithful love is only written in books. The situation in China is even worse. A hundred years ago, it was polygamy, and the "young couple" were so affectionate that their in-laws might accuse the kannika nimtragol of being a "fox" and delay her husband’s business. Generally speaking, the traditional marriage system is attached to the property relationship, emphasizing the housewife’s right to manage family property and affairs, which is neither a "love crystallization" nor a "love grave". There is no doubt that when women are economically independent, they can ask for a one-on-one love relationship.

I don’t want to talk about the philosophy of love. I just want to say that "love" is never eternal, but a social construct in a certain historical period. This is not a matter of human nature, because there is no evidence that it is more human to love only one person all one’s life. As you can imagine, the intimate relationship between human and robot partner is unlikely to be one-on-one. In fact, I don’t think there is universal, consistent and unchanging human nature. The above judgment is based on common sense only.

Strive to be an interesting partner.

There are also some opponents who are worried about human reproduction: contemporary life is busy and anxious, and sexual life is becoming more and more "depressed"-it is said that many couples in their thirties in big cities are now in an asexual state-if robot partners "take away" some more, human beings’ willingness to have children will definitely become weaker and weaker, and they may eventually become "extinct". Eating sex and not having children, isn’t it another kind of human nature decay?

It makes no sense to blame the companion robot for the fertility decline. Since the birth of safe contraception technology, the fertility rate in developed countries has been declining, but the robot companion has not been commercialized on a large scale. Obviously, people don’t want to have children. The crux is not technology, but system and culture. If you really want to have children, the robot partner can put on the robot uterus and engage in "robot IVF".

It must be admitted that the robot companion will have a great impact on the existing concept of love and marriage system. However, when it is more and more difficult to fall in love with someone or be loved by others, do you have to think about it: Is people getting more and more boring, and it is not as fun as a mobile phone? More and more people don’t want to get married. Do we have to think about this: Is there something wrong with our marriage, and it has really degenerated into what the "great mentor" called "legal prostitution" or "disguised prostitution"?

In a word, the sex robot may leak electricity, but I’m worried that it will devour human nature, basically thinking too much. In fact, no one knows how to be more human or less human.

A robot that hates for love?

Yang Qingfeng (Fudan University)

More than 20 years ago, a Taiwan Province singer sang a song like this: "… how much love can be renewed and how many people are worth waiting for. When love has changed, do you still have the courage to love? ….. "This song sings a person’s regret and regret after losing love. Nowadays, artificial intelligence technology brings us to a difficult problem: if I once fell in love with a robot, but I didn’t catch it, I would eventually obey the value discipline of human society; Or a machine friend confided to me that he once fell in love with a human being, but he had to part because of the value pressure of human society. Then will I or she still feel the regret and regret of losing "love"?

Standing in the blank space of words, there is no love?

When it comes to robots related to love, we can easily think of such images in sci-fi movies, such as "Su Xin" in "Mechanical Painted Skin" which has just aired recently, and the meaning of seeking true love after self-awakening. But for me, what impressed me the most was Samantha, the heroine with no visual image in the American science fiction movie She. Theodore, the hero, can’t handle the relationship with his ex-wife in reality. Occasionally, he uses an intelligent operating system product, which gives the system a female voice and is named Samantha. "She" can help T-Bag deal with many things, and her voice is soft and considerate. Later, T-Bag fell in love with her. At the end of the film, Samantha fell in love with hundreds of people at the same time through learning and evolution, and finally the relationship between Theodore and Samantha came to an end. At the end of the film, Samantha explained, "… just like I’m writing a book, a book I love deeply. However, my writing speed slowed down, so the distance between words became extremely far away, and there was endless blank space between paragraphs. I can still feel your temperature and the weight of the words that write our story. But I am standing in the blank space, standing in the distant distance between words. " From this line, we can easily think of Heidegger’s saying that "there is nothing where words are broken." For Samantha, as the writing speed slows down, the distance between words becomes larger, and there are endless gaps between paragraphs. "I" stands between words and has nothing to rely on, watching the once "love" disappear. When "her" love for T-Bag turned into a sea change,Will there be endless regrets and regrets? There is no explanation at the end of the film, but it leaves people with such a daydream problem.

Accompanying robot in reality

Compared with the robots in movies, the robots in reality are extremely retarded. It is gratifying that the artificial intelligence technology is maturing, mainly in the following aspects: First, the intelligent robot technology is also maturing. Various micro-expression recognition technologies based on artificial intelligence have become increasingly mature, and robots have been able to perceive various emotional changes of human beings and realize mind reading. An article in Science magazine in 2019 pointed out that the team of scientists was able to reconstruct the whole sentence according to the brain activity captured from language and motor areas caused by epileptic patients reading aloud. The new material technology enables robots to give people good perception and feelings, and the new robot skin is even more sensitive than the touch of human skin; Secondly, the language understanding ability of artificial intelligence is improving day by day. Although the current artificial intelligence deep learning has limitations in understanding human language and daily life, it is completely believed that it is more a matter of time to overcome this. Nowadays, the communication between human beings and intelligent robots in some fields is relatively smooth. Thirdly, we often see companion robots in various scenes at the International Consumer Electronics Show (CES). Such as human companion robots in hospitals, nursing homes and kindergartens, and pet companion robots.

Mature technology is the guarantee for the realization of functional robots. People are not satisfied with functional robots and begin to realize the ideal of companionship in science fiction movies. Robots that can chat, robots that can take care of children, etc. can be seen more and more in daily life. Of course, most intelligent robots are still too weak to produce love. However, a noteworthy fact is that robots are no longer an empirical object in the world of human life, but constitute the source of our vision to reflect and examine the companionship relationship.

The essential change of man-machine companion relationship

With the establishment of the concept of strong artificial intelligence and the gradual realization of the ideal in the film, the development and maturity of the companion robot is inevitable. We can easily imagine such a future scene: companion robots with various functions will appear in human life. An unavoidable question is, how to treat the companion relationship between man and robot? Is it a realistic presentation of Heidegger’s free relationship? This question is difficult to answer. At present, it is clear that only looking at these robots from the perspective of tools and objects is far from being able to cope with future problems. When some companion robots are in the stage of weak artificial intelligence, we don’t have to consider such problems. They are just tools, such as sweeping robots and sprinkling robots. When some escort robots can communicate with the escorted, they can no longer be regarded as a daily appliance or a tool to solve a specific problem. In the process of long-term communication, it is understandable that human beings have feelings related to robots. If intelligent robots go deep into the field of human feelings, the thinking at the level of instrumentalism can no longer cope with the emergence of such robots, and we need a non-instrumentalism concept to help us deal with future relationships. What needs to be clear is that in the long run, companion robot is not only one of the added items in our daily life, but also a dispensable and functionally replaceable product. When getting along with the companion robot,The formed world, feelings and significance make people have to worry about a quasi-subject who can communicate with me, comfort me and give me peace of mind. I will form a unique individual memory with my companion robot, which is unforgettable.

Once in the future human-computer relationship, the most romantic thing is no longer to grow old with you, but to grow bad with you. From the perspective of a robot, maybe: Finally, one day, "I" sat in a rocking chair, sleepy, thinking about the past with my human lover. We cried, laughed, envied and suffered. Suddenly, the power went out and everything went back to zero. No one has ever told me that you won’t have regrets and regrets about losing love.

Accompany the robot, and you really lose?

Duan Weiwen (China Academy of Social Sciences)

Since the appearance of information technology, the boundary between reality and virtuality has been broken again and again. Especially with the development of social robots, all kinds of companion robots begin to appear in people’s lives, and it may not be long before everyone should seriously think about how to get along with robots. Judging from the overall situation of the accelerating era of science and technology, people may not wait to come up with comprehensive and perfect technical solutions, so that all kinds of robot products and services will flood into our life world, and everyone may become an experiment of this new magic. Before rushing to the beautiful new world, let’s look at some possible problems and scenarios.

Can people establish real interaction with machines?

It is not difficult to see from the Turing test proposed by Turing that artificial intelligence is a functional simulation of intelligence. All kinds of companion robots, whether intangible intelligent software or intelligent speakers, or humanoid robots that may appear in the future, are agents or actors who can interact with people functionally. The word "agent" seems abstract, but when you grab a high-speed rail ticket with an application on your mobile phone, or go in and out of the airport and high-speed railway station through face recognition equipment, it is not difficult to find that your life is increasingly connected with the world through these intelligent machines, which are called agents. In the next step, intelligent machines will play the role of servers, caregivers, chaperones and even partners in your life.

In this vision of a pan-agent society, the first ethical question is, can humans and machines establish a real relationship? In other words, if people regard this relationship as a real relationship, will it cause some harm that cannot be ignored.

Recently, in the discussion on this issue, the distinction between "I-you" and "I-it" by contemporary philosopher martin buber has become an important starting point for thinking. Roughly speaking, whether the relationship between man and companion robot should be based on mutual equality and respect like the "I-you" relationship, or whether we can just regard companion robot as the tool I use like the "I-it" relationship. Starting from this dichotomy, people who are not optimistic about the relationship between people and companion robots can easily demonstrate that it is difficult for people and machines to form a real interactive relationship based on the "I-you" relationship, that is to say, they cannot really interact, communicate intimately and even love each other like people.

Undoubtedly, because opponents obviously can’t stop the appearance of companion robots, instead of obsessing about the authenticity of the interaction between people and machines, it is better to discuss how to face practical challenges such as children’s companion robots and elderly companion robots. For example, if children rely too much on companion robots, they may be "bad" by robots, will they be deprived or weakened of the opportunity to get care and care from parent-child interaction, or even lose the ability to establish intimate and social relations like wolf children. Similarly, some people question that the companion robot for the elderly can not fundamentally solve the needs of the elderly for interpersonal feelings, and even strengthen their loneliness when they know that the other person is a robot.

Can you break the robot doll at will?

To be fair, the interaction between human and companion robot is neither true nor false. This answer seems a bit tricky, but at this stage, this kind of ambiguity helps to think more openly and pertinently. For example, when you are in a bad mood, can you fight your robot doll? Is this a new type of domestic violence that may appear in the future? The answer to this question seems to go back to the distinction between "I-you" and "I-it". In other words, should the companion robot be regarded as the object of moral consideration or care like people themselves? Will people regard robots as "people"? From the perspective of perception, for intangible chat robots such as Xiao Bing and Xiao Du, people need to use their imagination to supplement their "personality", while the "identity" of humanoid robots is relatively easy to grasp. With the help of the theory of Levinas, a contemporary French philosopher, it is pointed out that robots should be given a face that can be recognized and distinguished, so that people can more easily regard robots as the "other" that should be treated morally. This requires that all kinds of companion robots in the future have their own faces and unique eyes.

But so far, one of the troubles that this kind of philosophical thinking will encounter is that the robot is unconscious, or even doesn’t really know that it is a robot. Its expressions and emotions are just the result of emotional calculation-the robot captures people’s expressions and emotions according to the intelligent recognition program designed by people, while making appropriate expressions and emotional reactions. Before the robot has no self-awareness, no matter how you treat it, the joy or sadness it presents is designed for people to see, and the robot itself has no inner heart that can truly feel the joys and sorrows. Therefore, whether you can beat the robot doll at will is not directly related to the ethical relationship between people and robots in the interactive sense, but mainly depends on whether people accept this behavior morally. On the one hand, to what extent do people think it is acceptable or unnecessary to pay attention to deliberately "abusing" robots; On the other hand, to what extent, people will think that the intentional "abuse" or more "violent" behavior of robots is morally unacceptable, and even what reasonable moral restrictions should be imposed on them.

It must be pointed out that the factual basis on which these moral restrictions need to be based is still unclear. Just like whether violent behavior in video games helps to vent bad emotions or strengthens violent tendencies, it is difficult to draw a clear conclusion whether "violence" against robots should be restricted. Generally speaking, the governance and supervision of companion robots in various countries is based on the principle of not restricting their development. The research interest of technology giants in the negative consequences of companion robots is often based on the premise of not affecting their application and promotion, and it is difficult for most users to rationally reflect on the physical and mental harm that "violence" may bring to robots. In short, this issue is still in the stage of conceptual discussion. From the point of view of avoiding technology abuse, we should carry out necessary research in sociology and anthropology of technology, find out the details of possible problems in specific scenarios, explore feasible ethical norms, and make them penetrate into the whole life cycle of related products, such as design, application and use.

Is the cute robot really what you want?

Robots usually imitate people’s words and deeds in the form of machines, and make them meet people’s needs more and more through continuous improvement. This brings two levels of problems. On the one hand, people will be influenced by the behavior of machines in the process of interacting with machines; On the other hand, in order to make machines cater to people, robot designers often make robots more attractive emotionally on the basis of insight into people’s psychology.

The influence of the first aspect is often invisible, but it does exist, and sometimes it even affects people’s "hardware". Many years ago, Shirley Turk, a scientific sociologist, encountered a mental illness in which some people thought they were machines. Philosophers like to call this phenomenon the colonization of the life world by technology. Taking GPS navigation as an example, the avant-garde Paris taxi drivers are used to using the navigator, while the relatively conservative London taxi drivers mainly use memory to navigate. A three-year comparative study shows that the cortex responsible for mapping time and space in the brains of Paris taxi drivers has shrunk, and some people not only can’t determine the correct driving route in real time and space, but even suffer from some kind of dyslexia. Fortunately, these symptoms are not irreversible.

On the other hand, the impact may be more significant, and some people even worry that the destruction of this "software" level will lead to the collapse of human society. Although this dystopian prospect may not come true, at least two aspects are worthy of attention. First, the companion robot may be designed to be more and more clever, and even learn to tell some white lies to people slowly. This may make people feel that robot companions are more intimate and easy to communicate, and the resulting illusion of congeniality will make people more willing to get along with robot companions. Some people may even become addicted to robots, and regard real interpersonal communication and intimacy as a fearful road. Moreover, once the robot’s ability to lie is developed, it is inevitable to accompany the robot to cover up human misconduct or illegal behavior. Of course, some philosophers may wonder whether it is possible to make a less obedient debating robot so that they can discuss philosophy with the robot, but if it is made, it is hard to say that users of philosophers with insufficient cultivation will not be annoyed because they are not as smart as robots.

Secondly, the design of robot companion is based on the acceptance of human emotions, which is likely to make the interaction between human and robot companion more attractive and satisfy their imagination of desires. In addition, the combination with games and virtual reality is hard to say that they will not indulge in it and will eventually destroy the foundation of human reproduction and civilization development linked by emotional relations. Whether this worry is groundless or not undoubtedly returns to the question of the authenticity of the interactive relationship between people and robots and even the intimate relationship. For example, will the intimate relationship between people and robots weaken the ability to form intimate relationships between people? Will this behavior change lead to the degeneration and change of the "brain circuit" of people related to it? And once we realize the virtuality of this intimate relationship, will people’s attitude towards emotions go to complete nothingness?

Although some critics believe that the love relationship with sex robots is just an extension of traditional sex trade or sexual violence on the machine, it is a manifestation of male chauvinism and misogyny. However, its advocates point out that, on the one hand, robot technology can at least copy the love activity and its psychological attraction process functionally; On the other hand, human beings have a psychological tendency to personify animals, objects and machines emotionally. In their view, it is a new evolution of human beings to establish attachment or love relationship with entities other than their own species, and the combination of robots’ catering to human emotions and people’s anthropomorphic psychological tendency to machines will make the love between people and their partners become a new way of love.

Although the related technology has not really been realized, we can still make necessary reflection on its possibility. Perhaps the future of companion or companion robot has infinite possibilities, and it is hard to predict whether it is a blessing or a curse. But in terms of intention, we should try to limit those designs with ulterior motives from the beginning. Therefore, at least from the perspective of ethical design, companion robots that deliberately lie should not be made, and at the same time, companion robots that fool and manipulate people’s emotions should be put an end to.

As far as everyone is concerned, under certain circumstances, companion robots can be used as an auxiliary tool for learning and practicing intimate relationships, and can also be used as a temporary comfort method when emotional injuries occur; But in this process, you should take a tentative and reflective attitude, especially be alert to the self-abandonment and addiction caused by it. Technology is neither Niu Mowang nor Bai Gujing. Facing the hole dug for you by the monkey Sun, you need more entertainment spirit and game attitude. You may even use self-mockery and humor to make the robot companion an opportunity for you to understand your emotions and give up your troubles. For example, you can learn the design principle of the robot’s blurred eyes with the robot while chanting "and a moment that ought to have lasted for ever". In the era of advanced technology, technology permeates the surroundings like air. In order not to get lost by it, everyone should learn to get along with technology alone, and this new self-regulation or self-ethics is actually the Zen machine that every human individual needs to understand and practice most.

Of course, this topic also involves many interesting issues. For example, if people and machines really love each other, do we have to let robots learn to dream about electronic sheep? Will the gender and role distribution of robots bring social gender problems to robots? Also, before the machine awakens itself, will the robot itself form its own group and society with its own identity, and thus realize the differences between robots and people? In other words, in the future world, people and machines will merge and coexist, and become indistinguishable life beings …

　　Nanning, China, July 27 (Jiang Xuelin, Luo Xianbin) According to the information provided by the Environmental Protection Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, after the central environmental protection inspector group moved in, Guangxi set off an environmental storm, and four cadres in Yulin City, Guangxi Province were held accountable for failing to perform their duties seriously. A leading grain processing enterprise in Nanning was suspended for rectification due to odor pollution to surrounding residents.

　　According to the information provided by Guangxi Environmental Protection Department, on July 23, the Central Environmental Protection Inspector Group transferred a petition case of environmental pollution from Santong Farm in Luchuan County, Yulin City. Yulin City and Luchuan County attached great importance to it, and the Luchuan County Government immediately formed a working group to investigate and deal with the unauthorized expansion of the farm. Luchuan County Supervision Bureau quickly launched the accountability mechanism, and held four responsible persons with supervisory responsibilities accountable.

　　After investigation, the four responsible persons did not seriously perform their duties to inspect and verify the construction scale of Santong Farm, which caused the farm to expand the pigsty area and breeding scale without authorization, and the air pollution caused by a large amount of discharged wastewater affected the lives of surrounding villagers. In this regard, the Luchuan County Supervision Bureau filed a case against Luo Yuyu, the head of the county environmental monitoring brigade with the main leadership responsibility, and Zhong Yingyue, the captain of the breeding squadron of the directly responsible monitoring brigade, and gave administrative warnings; Cai Junyong, the chief of the Animal Husbandry and Feed Unit of the County Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Bureau, and Huang Qiuping, the deputy mayor in charge of the ancient town government of Luchuan County, were admonished.

　　In Nanning, the presence of the Central Environmental Protection Inspector Group has also given people around the city’s economic development zone an opportunity to solve the problem of pollution. Nanning Liyuan Grain, Oil and Feed Co., Ltd., located in the Economic Development Zone, has an annual output of more than 700,000 tons of feed, and its market share in Guangxi feed is about 30%. It is a leading enterprise in Nanning. It is also a big tax collector in economic development zones. However, since 2015, the company has become a major complaint by the public. This enterprise uses raw materials that are easy to produce odor (odor) such as palm kernel cake for feed processing, which is easy to produce odor during storage; In addition, in the production process, the processes of adding, mixing and crushing raw materials will emit foul odor, which is often complained by the surrounding residents. The secretary of the Nanning Municipal Party Committee and the mayor have given instructions on the complaints, but the problem has not been solved.

　　On July 14th, after the Central Environmental Protection Inspector Group settled in, the problem was reflected to the Inspector Group. On the 21st, Nanning exposed the enterprise. On the 25th, Nanning Environmental Protection Bureau issued a notice of suspension of production and rectification to the enterprise. On the 27th, when the reporter entered the enterprise with the staff of the local environmental monitoring detachment to check the rectification situation, he saw that the enterprise had stopped production, the bad smell was no longer so obvious, and the workers were adding closed baffles to the raw material warehouse.

　　Chen Chunqi, the captain of the Economic Development Zone Brigade of Nanning Environmental Monitoring Detachment, said in an interview with Zhongxin.com that the presence of the inspector group provided an opportunity to solve the pollution problem of the enterprise. The enterprise was built in Economic Development Zone in 2003. At that time, its location was relatively remote, and the odor produced by the enterprise was not obvious to the residents. In recent years, with the development of the city, Nanning Economic Development Zone has been surrounded by residential areas, and the enterprise will move sooner or later, and the Economic Development Zone is also planning the factory land for the enterprise.

　　Tang Jinsheng, general manager of Nanning Liyuan Cereals, Oils and Feeds Co., Ltd. said that in order to solve the odor problem in the production process of the enterprise, the enterprise will invest 1 million yuan to rectify the production line in the factory. Stop using palm kernel cake and other raw materials that are easy to produce malodor (odor), and cancel the grinding process that is easy to produce odor.

　　It is reported that as of July 21, among the 213 environmental reporting problems assigned by the Central Environmental Protection Inspector Group, Nanning has assigned the most cases, reaching 52, and 24 have been reported. In response to a case reported by the masses that a chemical fertilizer plant in Guigang privately set up concealed pipes and discharged wastewater beyond the standard, Huang Xingrong, deputy mayor of Guigang City, made an on-site inspection and convened a joint meeting of the Municipal Public Security Bureau, the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, the Gangnan District Government and relevant departments to study and deploy the case investigation work.

　　In the smart phone market, Apple and Samsung have always been a pair of rivals who can’t tell the outcome. The contest between them actually represents the contest between Android and IOS to a great extent. Although Android’s current market share exceeds 70%, iOS has only about 20%, but iOS users are often more active than Android users, and the revenue of iOS can even exceed that of Android.

　　Regarding the iOS system, I think many people are familiar with it. It is a mobile operating system specially designed by Apple in 2007 for the first generation of Apple smartphones. At present, the latest version is ios 8.3 used on Iphone 6 and Iphone 6 Plus.

　　Compared with Android system, iOS is relatively closed, with low open source, less supported apps, and relies on iTunes, which makes data transmission and activation more troublesome.

　　However, the iOS system has great advantages, such as beautiful interface, smooth operation and so on. Let’s take a look at the advantages of iOS.

　　1. The operation interface is beautiful and concise.

　　IOS has always attracted many mobile phone users with its simple and beautiful interface. Whether it is the control icon of the mobile phone itself or the icon of the APP, it has a high value and strong visibility. People can look at such a beautiful and simple interface when using the mobile phone. It will be a great enjoyment.

　　2. The integration of software and hardware is very high.

　　In order to make the user’s experience stronger, the design of iOS is different from that of Android. iOS can be highly integrated with the hardware system, so that electronic devices can respond in the shortest time. However, the fragmentation of Android is serious, and sometimes the response of mobile phones will be very slow. On the contrary, the design of iOS greatly increases the stability of the system, which will be felt by people who have used the iphone.

　　3. Strong security

　　The security of electronic devices is an important part for users. Although iOS is more closed than Android, the closure of iOS brings high security returns. To operate Android phones, you don’t need any permission, just unlock the screen saver. However, if you want to use and operate all the functions of the phone, you must know the password and user name registered on Apple official website. If you can’t crack this permission, the Apple device is a brick. At the same time, the new functions of iOS can help users lock and operate.

　　4. Operation flow, Caton rarely appears.

　　When iOS is used, the background is pseudo-background or no background program, and the degree of optimization is very high, and it rarely produces cached junk files. When a software retreats into the background, it will basically stop running, leaving space for other software in use, which makes the operation of iOS very flow, and the phenomenon of jamming rarely occurs. In addition, the quality and security of iOS apps are very high, and it will not produce a large number of junk advertisements.

　　Generally speaking, there are many advantages and benefits of iOS, but it and Android are two completely different operating systems, each with its own advantages. Consumers’ choices should be based on their own habits and preferences, so don’t blindly follow suit.

　　On September 27th, west china hospital, doctors from Huaxi Hospital, Ganzi People’s Hospital and shiqu county People’s Hospital consulted patients with echinococcosis through telemedicine platform. Beijing News reporter Xu Wenshe

　　A few days ago, the National Health and Wellness Committee issued three important documents in the field of Internet medical care, namely, Administrative Measures for Internet Diagnosis and Treatment (Trial), Administrative Measures for Internet Hospitals (Trial) and Management Standards for Telemedicine Services (Trial).

　　The document clarifies the scope of Internet medical care for the first time. According to users and service methods, Internet medical services involving diagnosis and treatment are divided into three categories: telemedicine, Internet diagnosis and treatment, and Internet hospitals, and classified management is implemented, and the policy "red line" is clearly drawn.

　　Lu Qingjun, director of the National Center for Telemedicine and Internet Medicine and the Telemedicine Center of China-Japan Hospital, participated in the formulation of the above-mentioned documents. According to it, the National Medical Insurance Bureau is formulating the price guiding principles for Internet medical care, and Internet medical services such as telemedicine are expected to be included in medical insurance.

　　case

　　Internet medical care on the plateau

　　At an altitude of 4,178 meters in shiqu county, Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, the liver of Tibetan Tashi (pseudonym) is being eaten by echinococcosis. Three years ago, the 31-year-old man refused the doctor’s advice on surgery, but his increasingly unbearable abdominal pain made him go to shiqu county People’s Hospital again.

　　On September 27th, Tashi’s medical records were displayed in front of Wang Wentao, an echinococcosis expert and deputy director of liver surgery in west china hospital, through the telemedicine system. This was a multi-party consultation. More than 10 doctors from shiqu county People’s Hospital, Ganzi People’s Hospital and Huaxi Hospital discussed Tashi’s illness remotely through the screen. His electronic medical record and abdominal MRI were displayed simultaneously on the screen.

　　"This is a very clear patient with advanced alveolar echinococcosis. The important structures in the liver and neighboring organs have been violated. It can be seen that the bile duct and portal vein of the first hepatic portal have all been eaten. It is recommended to arrange surgery as soon as possible." During the consultation, Wang Wentao gave treatment suggestions.

　　Echinococcosis, a chronic parasitic disease zoonotic, is plaguing 66 million farmers and herdsmen in western China. There are two kinds of echinococcosis: cystic echinococcosis and alveolar echinococcosis. Among them, alveolar echinococcosis has a long incubation period, and the patient has no treatment, and the 10-year mortality rate is 94%, which is also called "insect cancer".

　　Shiqu county, where Tashi is located, is the hardest hit area of hydatid disease. However, the local medical level is limited. If you go to Huaxi Hospital 1000 kilometers away, you have to go to Kangding for two days, and then transfer to Chengdu. Many late patients give up treatment. Nowadays, with the help of telemedicine, patients can get diagnosis and even treatment from experts in big hospitals without leaving the local area.

　　On September 28th, Devaji, a 28-year-old Tibetan girl, met Wang Wentao again at Ganzi People’s Hospital. Seven months ago, Wang Wentao gave Dwaji, who had advanced hepatic echinococcosis, an autologous liver transplant in People’s Hospital. This time, Wang Wentao came from Chengdu to review Dewaji and 11 other patients after surgery.

　　"The recovery is very good. If you continue to take albendazole, you can reduce it from 4 tablets a day to 2 tablets a day." Wang Wentao made a diagnosis and told Dewaji to pay attention to hygiene in his daily life, not to drink raw water and wash his hands before meals.

　　In Sichuan, such a telemedicine system has covered all 88 poverty-stricken counties and 1,800 medical institutions. Throughout the country, according to Jiao Yahui, deputy director of the Medical Administration and Hospital Authority of the National Health and Wellness Commission, 22 provinces have established provincial telemedicine platforms, covering 13,000 medical institutions and more than 1,800 counties. In 2017, the total number of telemedicine services exceeded 60 million.

　　superiority

　　It is expected to solve the problem of uneven medical resources.

　　For policy makers, telemedicine is not only a simple medical service project. With the advantages of telemedicine, the problems of insufficient total medical resources and uneven distribution can also be solved.

　　Lu Qingjun, director of the National Center for Telemedicine and Internet Medicine and the Telemedicine Center of China-Japan Hospital, explained that at present, 10% or 20% of the top doctors in the country undertake 80% of the diagnosis and treatment business, but they do not need to undertake many common diseases. With the help of telemedicine system, higher-level hospitals can improve the level of doctors in lower-level hospitals through remote teaching, remote discussion of difficult cases and remote live teaching of surgery, so that they can undertake more diagnosis and treatment of common diseases. Hospitals below the second level can undertake 60%~70% of the diagnosis and treatment business, and doctors in tertiary hospitals can spare more time to treat intractable diseases.

　　Taking Sichuan as an example, Wang Wentao said that the team composed of doctors from vascular surgery, anesthesiology and ICU of West China Hospital went to Ganzi Prefecture once or twice a month to conduct teaching rounds and surgical teaching, and sent corresponding experts to explain the confusing problems according to local needs, helping the local authorities to establish a multidisciplinary team.

　　Duoji, president of Ganzi People’s Hospital, told the reporter that Huaxi Hospital has trained two surgical teams for echinococcosis. In the past, the People’s Hospital could only do 20 echinococcosis operations throughout the year, but now it can do more than 500 operations every year, basically realizing the local cure of echinococcosis. In 2016, Ganzi People’s Hospital successfully established the top three hospitals.

　　"Medical resources face multiple dilemmas. The first one is the shortage of total medical resources. When the total amount remains unchanged, the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment will be improved, and the patient’s experience will also be improved. The distribution of our medical resources is a pyramid-shaped triangle, but the flow of patients is an inverted pyramid, and now it needs to be reversed. " Lu Qingjun said.

　　question

　　The technology is not standardized, and the enthusiasm of doctors is difficult to guarantee.

　　But the status quo is not optimistic. Lu Qingjun pointed out that the medical quality of telemedicine is uneven, some hospitals are not standardized in technology, and even QQ video and WeChat chat are used for telemedicine, and the quality of medical image transmission simply cannot meet the requirements; Although some hospitals have built telemedicine platforms, they have been idle for a long time, "just for show"; Some hospitals regard telemedicine as a channel to siphon patients from lower-level hospitals.

　　The enthusiasm of doctors to participate is also difficult to guarantee. An anesthesiologist in a 3A hospital who didn’t want to be named told the reporter that although the hospital will give certain performance rewards to doctors participating in telemedicine, the enthusiasm of doctors is not high. "The whole perioperative period (around the whole process of surgery, including preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative) requires teamwork. Doctors go to primary hospitals and leave after surgery. The conditions and level of primary hospitals are not enough. What should I do if patients have problems during the recovery period after surgery?" Doctors have their own concerns.

　　A few days ago, the National Health and Wellness Committee issued three heavy documents, namely, Administrative Measures for Internet Diagnosis and Treatment (Trial), Administrative Measures for Internet Hospitals (Trial) and Management Standard for Telemedicine Services (Trial). For the first time, the scope of internet medical care was clarified, and businesses that did not involve the core of medical care, such as online appointment registration and online health consultation, were excluded.

　　Internet medical services involving diagnosis and treatment are classified into telemedicine, Internet diagnosis and treatment, and Internet hospitals according to the users and service methods, and classified management is implemented.

　　"Some people think that the Internet can do everything, which is wrong." Lu Qingjun participated in the formulation of the new regulations. He believes that the core point of the document is to ensure medical quality and medical safety.

　　The three documents have drawn a "red line" for Internet medical behavior. For example, the operation of Internet hospitals needs to apply for a license from the regulatory authorities, and it must be run by offline physical medical institutions; Internet diagnosis and treatment can provide patients with some common diseases and chronic diseases for follow-up, and patients may not be treated for the first time; The new regulations also require that doctors who conduct Internet diagnosis and treatment must be certified by their real names, so as to avoid quack doctors impersonating well-known experts; The platform construction, management process design and doctor’s responsibility division of telemedicine information system are also clarified.

　　look ahead

　　We are studying the formulation of price guidelines.

　　But this is really just the beginning. Lai Jian, deputy director of the Sichuan Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission, bluntly said that Internet health care is still in the exploratory stage. With continuous exploration, the service content will continue to be enriched and deepened. It is necessary to continuously improve the work management system, incentive assessment mechanism, project charging standards, medical insurance reimbursement and payment and other supporting policies in collaboration with the development and reform, human society and other departments.

　　The most urgent thing is to fill the gap in the Internet medical price policy. Lu Qingjun told reporters that in the past, Internet medical services such as telemedicine did not have a definite business model, and the price department could not calculate the cost and pricing. If hospitals set their own prices and charge fees, they will be defined as "arbitrary charges" by the price supervision department. Therefore, many hospitals provide telemedicine services free of charge, but the telemedicine equipment is millions, and the cost of a remote consultation is 2,400 yuan to 2,700 yuan.

　　Without pricing, medical insurance reimbursement is out of the question. The reporter noted that in April this year, the General Office of the State Council issued the Opinions on Promoting the Development of "Internet+Medical Health", proposing that qualified Internet medical services should be gradually included in the scope of medical insurance payment.

　　"But the premise is that there must be fees first." Jiao Yahui said that because not all Internet diagnosis and treatment behaviors belong to the basic medical category, they do not have to be included in the scope of medical insurance reimbursement. If it belongs to the category of basic medical services, medical insurance should be reimbursed; Do not belong to, by the patient’s burden.

　　Lu Qingjun revealed that the National Medical Insurance Bureau is stepping up the formulation of guiding principles for Internet medical prices, and has now entered the stage of expert discussion. After the country issued the preliminary guiding opinions, the local price departments can formulate local price standards according to the guiding principles.

　　"The principle is uncertain, and there will be many bottlenecks in local standards. When the principle comes out, a game of chess in the country can be done. " Lu Qingjun said. (Reporter Xu Wen)

The State Council Press Office held a press conference at 10: 00 a.m. on Friday, January 13th, 2017 in the press room of the State Council Information Office, and invited Huang Songping, spokesman of the General Administration of Customs, to introduce the import and export situation in 2016 and take questions from reporters.

Press conference on the import and export of the State Council in 2016
China wangzongchao

[Moderator Hu Kaihong]Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to the press conference of the State Council Information Office. Today, we have invited Mr. Huang Songping, spokesman of the General Administration of Customs. Ask him to introduce the import and export situation in 2016 and answer your questions. Let’s ask Director Huang to introduce the situation first.

Huang Songping, spokesman of the General Administration of Customs, China Net Zongchao

[Huang Songping, spokesman of the General Administration of Customs]Ladies and gentlemen, Happy New Year 2017. Welcome to today’s press conference. It’s a pleasure to meet you again, to brief you on China’s foreign trade import and export in 2016, and then answer your questions. In 2016, the world economy recovered difficultly, and the domestic economy improved steadily. According to customs statistics, in 2016, the total import and export value of goods in China was 24.33 trillion yuan, down 0.9% from 2015. Among them, exports were 13.84 trillion yuan, down 2%; Imports reached 10.49 trillion yuan, up by 0.6%; The trade surplus was 3.35 trillion yuan, narrowing by 9.1%.

The specific situation mainly includes the following aspects:

I. Imports and exports stabilized quarter by quarter, and both achieved positive growth in the fourth quarter. In 2016, China’s import and export showed a trend of low before and high after, and stabilized and improved quarter by quarter. Among them, in the first quarter, China’s import and export, export and import value decreased by 8.2%, 7.9% and 8.6% respectively; In the second quarter, the value of import and export, export and import decreased by 1.1%, 0.8% and 1.5% respectively; In the third quarter, the import and export value increased by 0.8% and 2.3% respectively, while the export value decreased by 0.3%; In the fourth quarter, the value of import and export, export and import increased by 3.8%, 0.3% and 8.7% respectively.

Second, the import and export of general trade increased and its proportion increased. In 2016, China’s general trade import and export was 13.39 trillion yuan, up 0.9%, accounting for 55% of China’s total import and export value, up 1 percentage point from 2015, and the trade pattern structure was optimized.

Third, export growth to some countries along the Belt and Road. In 2016, China’s exports to Pakistan, Russia, Poland, Bangladesh and India increased by 11%, 14.1%, 11.8%, 9% and 6.5% respectively. In the same period, China’s exports to the EU increased by 1.2%, to the United States increased slightly by 0.1%, and to ASEAN decreased by 2%, accounting for 46.7% of China’s total exports.

Fourth, the proportion of private enterprises’ exports continued to maintain the first place. In 2016, the import and export of private enterprises in China was 9.28 trillion yuan, an increase of 2.2%, accounting for 38.1% of China’s total foreign trade. Among them, exports were 6.35 trillion yuan, down 0.2%, accounting for 45.9% of the total export value, and continued to maintain the top position in export share; Imports increased by 8.1%.

Five, mechanical and electrical products, traditional labor-intensive products are still the main export. In 2016, the export of mechanical and electrical products in China was 7.98 trillion yuan, down by 1.9%, accounting for 57.7% of China’s total export value. Among them, the export of medical instruments and instruments increased by 6.1%, and the export of storage batteries increased by 4%. In the same period, the total export of traditional labor-intensive products was 2.88 trillion yuan, down 1.7%, accounting for 20.8% of the total export value. Among them, the export of textiles, toys and plastic products increased.

6. The import volume of bulk commodities such as iron ore, crude oil and copper maintained growth, and the prices of major imported commodities remained at a low level, but the decline narrowed. In 2016, China imported 1.024 billion tons of iron ore, an increase of 7.5%; 381 million tons of crude oil, up by 13.6%; 256 million tons of coal, up by 25.2%; 13.21 million tons of steel, an increase of 3.4%; 4.95 million tons of copper, up 2.9%; Refined oil was 27.84 million tons, down 6.5%. In the same period, China’s import prices generally fell by 2.1%. Among them, the average import price of iron ore decreased by 0.5% year-on-year, crude oil decreased by 18.6%, refined oil decreased by 10.8%, coal decreased by 0.1%, copper decreased by 6%, and steel decreased by 5.5%, which was narrower than that in the first half and the first three quarters.

In July and December, China’s foreign trade export leading index continued to rise. In the fourth quarter of 2016, China’s foreign trade export leading index rose for three consecutive months, reaching 37.4 in December, up 0.5, indicating that China’s export pressure is expected to ease in the first quarter of 2017. Among them, according to the data of online questionnaire survey, China’s export managers’ index dropped by 0.6 to 39.4 in that month; The index of new export orders rose by 0.6 to 41.9, the manager confidence index fell by 2 to 43.5, and the comprehensive cost index of enterprises fell by 1.6 to 23.9.

At present, there are still some difficulties in China’s foreign trade development, which are as follows: the import and export of foreign-invested enterprises and state-owned enterprises in China have decreased by 2.2% and 5.6% respectively; The import and export of processing trade decreased by 4.9%.

Faced with the severe and complicated international trade situation, the Customs will continue to adhere to the general tone of striving for progress while maintaining stability, resolutely implement various policies and measures to stabilize foreign trade growth, comprehensively deepen reforms around building a new open economic system, solidly promote various customs reforms to take root, and strive to promote foreign trade to stabilize and improve, so as to better serve the overall economic and social development of the country.

Next, I would like to answer your questions.

Hu Kaihong, spokesperson of the State Council Information Office, invited reporters to ask questions.
China wangzongchao

【Hu kaihong】Thank you, Director Huang. Let’s start asking questions.

【CCTV reporter】Hello, Director Huang. In 2016, the international economy was in a downturn, and the overall environment of China’s foreign trade was very severe. How do you evaluate the overall performance of China’s foreign trade in 2016? In addition, the latest customs data shows that since the fourth quarter of 2016, China’s foreign trade has obviously improved. What are the main reasons? Director Huang, please give us a detailed explanation. thank you

CCTV reporter asked questions.
China wangzongchao

【Huang Songping】Thank you for your question. In 2016, the global economy is still in a period of deep adjustment after the international financial crisis, the economic recovery is weak, the international market demand is weak, the unstable and uncertain factors facing China’s foreign trade development are obviously increasing, the downward pressure is increasing, and the overall situation is complicated and severe. With the gradual emergence of the effect of national policies and measures to promote the stabilization of foreign trade, the import and export value of China’s foreign trade decreased significantly in the first quarter, stabilized in the second quarter, and continued to achieve positive growth in the third and fourth quarters. The whole year showed a trend of low before, high after, and stable and good. This is our overall view on China’s import and export of goods in 2016.

Among them, China’s foreign trade increased slightly in the fourth quarter, and we believe that it benefited from the gradual implementation of a series of policies and measures to promote foreign trade to stabilize and improve. Since 2014, the State Council has successively issued more than 10 documents on the steady growth of foreign trade, and relevant departments have continuously improved relevant supporting measures, which have provided a good policy environment for the stable and high-quality development of China’s foreign trade. For example, in September last year, the Ministry of Commerce and the General Administration of Customs jointly issued an announcement to cancel the approval of processing trade business nationwide. In November, the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation jointly issued an announcement to increase the export tax rebate rate of important products such as electromechanical products and refined oil products to 17%. These policies and measures are very specific, highly operable and targeted, and have played a positive role in promoting the steady growth of foreign trade.

Secondly, there are signs of improvement in the external environment, and the index of new orders of export enterprises has rebounded significantly. Overall, in 2016, the world economy continued to slump and global trade shrank, but some indicators were slowly improving. For example, the manufacturing managers’ index, which reflects the degree of economic prosperity, shows that the indicators of the United States, the European Union and Japan all remained above threshold in the fourth quarter and reached a new stage in December. In emerging markets, Russian and Indian countries also remain above threshold. The Baltic dry bulk index, which reflects the activity of global trade, also rebounded from the historical low in early February 2016. On November 11th, it rose to 1045, breaking through 1000 points for the first time in 16 consecutive months. At the same time, according to our monthly online questionnaire survey data of 3000 foreign trade export enterprises, since June, the index of new orders of export enterprises has obviously rebounded. It rose to 41.9 in December, the highest level since March 2015, which confirmed that the external market did show signs of slow improvement.

Third, the domestic economy’s "slowing down, stabilizing and improving" has driven the continuous increase in bulk commodity imports. The slowdown in the decline in import prices has simultaneously promoted the increase in import value. In 2016, under the influence of supply-side structural reform and moderately expanding aggregate demand, the domestic economy maintained a reasonable range, showing a steady and progressive development trend, which led to an increase in the import volume of some bulk commodities. For example, as just reported, China’s imports of iron ore, crude oil, copper and other commodities have maintained growth. At the same time, the decline in import prices continued to narrow. In 2016, China’s import price fell by 2.1% overall, which was 3.2 percentage points lower than that in the previous three quarters. The average year-on-year decline of iron ore imports was 8.1 percentage points lower than that in the previous three quarters, crude oil was 7.3 percentage points lower, coal was 14.7 percentage points lower, and copper was 5.9 percentage points lower. Although the import price is still the main factor dragging down the growth of China’s import value, the narrowing of the decline in import prices has also helped the annual import growth rate to surface.

The above three points are the main driving factors for the slight growth of China’s foreign trade in the fourth quarter. Thank you.

[Tass news agency reporter]I would like to ask you how to evaluate the Sino-Russian economic and trade cooperation in 2016 last year, and what are your expectations for this year’s Sino-Russian economic and trade cooperation?

Tass news agency reporter asked China Net Zongchao

[Huang Songping]Thank you for your question. Let me introduce the Sino-Russian trade first. In 2016, the total value of bilateral trade between China and Russia was 459.15 billion yuan, an increase of 8.7%. Among them, exports to Russia reached 246.32 billion yuan, an increase of 14.1%. Imports from Russia reached 212.83 billion yuan, up 3.1%, and the trade surplus reached 33.49 billion yuan, up 2.5 times. In recent years, under the guidance of the heads of state of China and Russia, the comprehensive strategic partnership between China and Russia has been deepening, and the two countries have a high degree of political mutual trust, extensive economic and trade cooperation and close cultural exchanges. At present, Sino-Russian relations are in the best period in history. The two countries are comprehensively promoting the docking of the two development strategies of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the Eurasian Economic Union, and jointly promoting the construction of the "China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor". The cooperation between the two countries has entered a new stage with great potential and broader prospects.

Thank you.

[Reporter of China Radio International]What do you think of China’s foreign trade trend in 2017? Thank you.

A reporter from China Radio International asked questions.
China wangzongchao

[Huang Songping]Thank you for your question. In 2016, China’s foreign trade showed a stable and positive trend, and it was not easy to achieve such results. In 2017, the international environment is still severe and complicated, and the downward pressure on the domestic economy is still relatively large. There are still many uncertain factors affecting the development of China’s foreign trade, and the foundation for supporting the continued improvement of foreign trade is still not solid.

First, the current world economy is facing many new challenges, and the downturn is still the main theme of the world economy. The latest World Economic Outlook report of the International Monetary Fund predicts that the global economic growth rate will be 3.4% in 2017, and the latest forecast of the OECD is 3.2%. It is a consensus that the global economy will still operate at a low level. The latest trade outlook report of the World Trade Organization lowered the growth forecast of global trade in goods to 1.8%-3.1% in 2017. This is the first time that the WTO has put forward an interval forecast, which means that global trade will still be difficult to pick up in 2017 and uncertainties will increase. In such a big environment, China’s foreign trade can hardly be immune to it.

Second, China’s own reform has entered the deep water area, and the pressure of foreign trade structure transformation is great. 2017 is an important year for China to implement the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" and the deepening of supply-side structural reforms. Many structural adjustments have entered a critical period. On the one hand, with the rising comprehensive production cost, the competitive advantage of traditional foreign trade continues to weaken. On the other hand, the imbalance of regional development in China has not yet been solved. The industrial chain supporting in the central and western regions is still not perfect, the logistics cost is high, and the efforts to undertake the eastern factor cost-based industries and order transfer are not strong. The data shows that in the first 10 months of 2016, the market share of China’s labor-intensive products in the EU decreased by 1.8 percentage points compared with the same period of 2015, the share in the United States decreased by 1.2 percentage points, and the share in Japan decreased by 2.1 percentage points, while the market share of similar products in some Southeast Asian countries in Europe, America and Japan increased in the same period. In addition, at present, China is actively cultivating new advantages in foreign trade competition, and developed economies are vigorously promoting the return of manufacturing industries, which poses a challenge for China to introduce high-quality foreign capital. Higher-quality foreign trade puts forward more urgent needs for innovation and development and independent formation of new technological advantages.

Third, the process of globalization is blocked, and trade protectionism restricts China’s export expansion. According to the report released by the World Trade Organization in June 2016, from October 2015 to May 2016, the G20 economies implemented 145 new trade restrictive measures, with an average of more than 20 new measures introduced every month. The average number of new measures per month is the highest since the World Trade Organization began to monitor trade restrictive measures in 2009. Under the background of weak economic growth, implementing trade protection, setting up trade barriers and interfering with normal trade by anti-dumping have become important means for countries concerned to seize international market share. The trend of anti-globalization has become increasingly obvious, and China has become the biggest victim of this trend. According to the latest data from the Ministry of Commerce, in 2016, China encountered 119 trade remedy investigation cases initiated by 27 countries and regions, involving a total amount of 14.34 billion US dollars. The number of cases and the amount involved increased by 36.8% and 76% respectively. In 2017, the global political situation is undergoing tremendous changes, such as the Brexit, the general elections of major European countries, the inauguration of the new US president, the presidential election of South Korea and other major events, which will bring variables to the existing policy direction or aggravate the global trade protectionism.

On the whole, we believe that the internal and external environment of China’s foreign trade in 2017 is complicated, and the difficulties it faces are not short-term. However, after years of accumulation, China’s economy and foreign trade have good resilience, sufficient potential and great room for manoeuvre. No matter how the external market fluctuates, we are confident to cope. In the field of foreign trade in 2017, as long as we grasp the general tone of the work of "striving for progress while maintaining stability", consolidate and implement the series of policies and measures of "stabilizing growth and restructuring", and strive to make various reforms benefit enterprises, foreign trade will certainly achieve results in improving quality, increasing efficiency and stabilizing development.

Thank you.

[China News Service reporter]I’d like to ask you what progress China’s foreign trade has made in improving quality and efficiency in 2016, and promoting excellence. Thank you.

China News Service reporter asked questions.
China wangzongchao

[Huang Songping]Secondly, good progress has been made in product excellence. In terms of exports, China’s exports of traditional advantageous products continued to grow in 2016, among which the exports of textiles, plastic products and toys increased by 1.9%, 0.5% and 24.9% respectively, which still maintained a good competitive advantage. At the same time, thanks to China’s abundant capital, perfect industrial system and strong manufacturing capacity, Chinese enterprises also promoted the export of equipment manufacturing and high value-added products in speeding up going abroad and promoting international capacity cooperation. The export of some mechanical and electrical products and equipment manufacturing products also maintained a good momentum, such as the export of motors and generators increased by 5%, the export of medical instruments increased by 6.1%, the export of auto parts increased by 3.5%, and the export of textile machinery increased by 3%.

From the perspective of imports, China’s imports of crude oil, copper and other commodities continued to grow in 2016, which also showed that China’s domestic economy was running smoothly and demand rebounded. At the same time, the policy effect of expanding imports and optimizing the import structure appeared, and the import of some advanced technologies, key parts and important equipment and other high-tech products increased rapidly. In 2016, the import of mechanical and electrical products in China increased by 1.9%, among which the import of turbojet engines increased by 26.8%, the ship increased by 26.6%, and the automatic control instruments and appliances for measurement, detection and analysis increased by 10.7%.

In the future, we need to face the complicated and changeable international and domestic economic situation and import and export environment more actively, strive to build a new open economic system, adhere to independent innovation, pay more attention to cultivating new advantages in foreign trade competition with technology, brand, quality and service as the core, continuously improve the quality and efficiency of foreign trade development, create a higher level of open economy, and fully realize the transformation from "big entry and big exit" to "excellent entry and excellent exit".

Thank you.

[Reporter of American International Market News Agency]As you just said, protectionism is on the rise in the world, and anti-globalization forces are also increasing. In the face of Trump’s foreign trade policy after he took office as president of the United States, what countermeasures should we have to deal with these forces that are not conducive to our trade?

A reporter from American International Market News Agency asked questions.
China wangzongchao

[Huang Songping]Thank you for your question. Nowadays, the world economy is in a period of deep adjustment after the international financial crisis. The trend of major economies and macro-policy orientation are divided, the development of global trade is in a downturn, the tendency of anti-globalization is on the rise, and trade protectionism is heating up, which greatly increases the uncertainty of the world economy.

According to the data of the Ministry of Commerce, in 2016, China encountered 119 trade remedy investigation cases initiated by 27 countries and regions, involving a total amount of US$ 14.34 billion. The number of cases and the amount involved increased by 36.8% and 76% respectively, and the number of trade remedy cases in China reached an all-time high. The tendency of politicization and extreme measures of trade friction is obvious, and the final tax rate is generally high.

Faced with the potential impact of trade protectionism in developed economies on themselves and even the world economy, it is necessary for the international community to jointly take measures to deal with it. As a responsible big country and the second largest economy in the world, China will make efforts to overcome the uncertainty of the world economy, continue to promote economic globalization and promote the sustainable development of the world economy on the basis of resolutely opposing trade protectionism.

Many journalists also expressed concern about Sino-US economic and trade relations. We believe that China and the United States have complementary economies and mutually beneficial trade. In 2016, the United States is China’s second largest trading partner and largest export market. We hope that China and the United States, the two largest economies in the world, will have better development prospects in economic and trade cooperation in the future. We will pay close attention to Trump’s foreign trade policy after he became president of the United States. Thank you.

[Japan Asahi TV reporter]Director Huang, please tell us about the trade between China and Japan last year. What do you think of the trend of Sino-Japanese trade this year?

[Huang Songping]Sino-Japanese trade, in 2016, the total import and export value of China’s bilateral trade with Japan was 1.82 trillion yuan, an increase of 5%, accounting for 7.5% of China’s total foreign trade import and export value. Japan is China’s fifth largest trading partner, with exports to Japan reaching 852.75 billion yuan, up 1.3%, and imports from Japan reaching 962.75 billion yuan, up 8.5%. The trade deficit with Japan was 110 billion yuan, an increase of 1.4 times. In the future, we sincerely hope that the economic and trade cooperation between China and Japan will develop steadily and truly achieve mutual benefit and win-win results. Thank you.

[Reporter of China Review Society]I would like to ask Director Huang to introduce the import and export trade situation of Chinese mainland and Taiwan Province in 2016, and how do you predict the trade situation with Taiwan Province in 2017? Thank you.

[Huang Songping]According to our statistics, the total value of cross-strait bilateral trade in 2016 was 1.19 trillion yuan, up 1.6% year-on-year, accounting for 4.9% of the total foreign trade of the mainland in the same period. Taiwan Province is the seventh largest trading partner of the mainland, of which mainland exports to Taiwan reached 266.43 billion yuan, down 4.3%, while imports from Taiwan reached 920.4 billion yuan, up 3.4%, with a trade deficit of 653.97 billion yuan, up 6.9%. It mainly exports integrated circuits, steel products, automatic data processing equipment, etc. to Taiwan, and imports from Taiwan mainly include integrated circuits, liquid crystal display panels, primary plastic and so on.

As for the development of trade with Taiwan, we believe that the two sides of the strait should eliminate unfavorable factors and increase favorable factors to promote the stable development of cross-strait trade. Thank you.

[Hu Kaihong]Today’s press conference is over. Thank you, Director Huang, and thank you all.

　

Municipalities and Guangde City, susong county Human Resources and Social Security Bureau, Development and Reform Commission, Housing and Urban-Rural Development Bureau (Urban-Rural Development Bureau), Transportation Bureau, Water Conservancy (Water Affairs) Bureau, Municipal Telecom Infrastructure Co-construction and Sharing Office (Communication Development Office), China People’s Bank’s downtown branches, and all banking supervision branches:

The measures for the implementation of wage guarantee for migrant workers in the field of engineering construction in Anhui Province are hereby printed and distributed to you, please implement them.

　

　

　

Anhui Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security Anhui Provincial Development and Reform Commission

　

　

　

Anhui Provincial Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development Anhui Provincial Department of Transportation

　

　

　

Anhui Provincial Department of Water Resources Anhui Provincial Communications Management Bureau

　

　

　

China People’s Bank Hefei Central Branch China China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission Anhui Supervision Bureau

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　March 18, 2022

　

　

　

　

Wage security deposit for migrant workers in the field of engineering construction in Anhui Province

measures for the implementation

　

Chapter I General Provisions

the first　　In order to protect the wage rights and interests of migrant workers according to law, optimize the business environment, and play an important role in solving the problem of wage arrears for migrant workers, according to the Regulations on the Protection of Wage Payment for Migrant Workers (Order No.724 of the State Council), the Notice on Printing and Distributing the Provisions on Wage Guarantee for Migrant Workers in the Field of Engineering Construction (No.65 issued by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security [2021]) and the Provisions on Wage Payment in Anhui Province (Order No.194 of the provincial government), etc.

the second　　As mentioned in these Measures, the wage guarantee for migrant workers (hereinafter referred to as wage guarantee) refers to the general contractor in the field of engineering construction (includingProfessional contracting enterprises that directly contract construction units to contract projects set up accounts in the bank and store them according to a certain proportion of the project construction contract amount, which is specially used to pay special funds for migrant workers who provide labor for contracted projects.

Wage deposit can be replaced by bank guarantee or guarantee insurance issued by financial institutions, and the introduction of guarantee company guarantee can be explored in areas where conditions permit. Actively develop electronic guarantee (insurance policy).

Article　　These Measures shall apply to the storage proportion, storage form, reduction and exemption measures and the use and return of wage deposits in the field of engineering construction.

Article 4　　The provincial administrative department of human resources and social security is responsible for organizing the implementation of the unified wage guarantee system in the province, relying on the supervision information system for ensuring the wage payment of migrant workers in the province, and implementing digital and process management of wage guarantee storage.

The administrative departments of human resources and social security at all levels should establish and improve the consultation mechanism with the local industrial engineering construction departments and financial supervision departments, strengthen information notification and law enforcement cooperation, and ensure the standardized and smooth operation of the wage guarantee system.

Article 5　　Wage margin by the municipal or county human resources and social security administrative departmentSpecific managementWhen conditions are ripe, it will gradually transition to the provincial administrative department of human resources and social security.manage.

Municipal or county-level human resources and social security administrative departments that implement specific management, hereinafter referred to as "territorial human resources and social security administrative departments"; The corresponding administrative regions are hereinafter collectively referred to as "wage deposit management regions".

The geographical location of the same project involves two or more.manageArea, designated by the common administrative department of human resources and social security at the next higher level, and the competent department of industrial engineering construction at the same level.

Chapter II Storage of Wage Margin

Article 6　　General contracting of constructionunitThe wage deposit shall be stored in the bank where the project is located, and a bank guarantee or guarantee insurance may also be applied for.

Article 7　　The bank handling the wage margin (hereinafter referred to as the handling bank) shall meet the following conditions for opening, storing, inquiring, withdrawing, canceling the account and opening a letter of guarantee for the wage margin account according to law:

(1) There is a legal person institution of a commercial bank or its authorized branch in the wage guarantee management area where the project is located;

(2) It has a good credit rating and excellent service level, and promises to provide wage guarantee business services in accordance with regulatory requirements.

Article 8　　An insurance company handling the wage deposit shall meet the following conditions for underwriting, inquiring, settling claims and issuing policies and insurance certificates for the performance guarantee insurance of migrant workers’ wage payment according to law:

(a) there is an insurance company legal person institution or its authorized branch in the wage deposit management area where the project is located;

(2) It has a good credit rating and excellent service level, and promises to provide special insurance products (one-year and multi-year) for the performance of wage payment for migrant workers filed in China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, China in accordance with regulatory requirements.

Article 9　　General contracting of constructionunitIt shall, within 20 working days from the date of obtaining the construction permit (approval of the commencement report) of the project (within 20 working days from the date of signing the construction contract for the project that does not need to apply for the construction permit and approve the commencement report according to law), hold the business license, the construction contract signed with the construction unit and the differentiated deposit certification materials, and open a special account for wage deposit in the handling bank to store the wage deposit. The name of the special account is the name of the construction general contractor plus the name of the project plus the "special account for wage deposit".

If the general contractor has two or more projects under construction in the same wage margin management area, it may open a new special account, or manage the projects separately under the existing special account, provided that it meets the regulatory requirements of the project location.

For the project contracted by the consortium, the construction unit and the contractor agree in the contract agreement on the deposit subject, sharing and method of the wage deposit. If there is no agreement, the organizer or leader of the consortium will store the wage deposit.

Article 10　　General construction contract for storing wage depositunitThe Agreement on Deposit of Migrant Workers’ Wages shall be signed with the handling bank (Annex 1), and a copy of the Agreement shall be sent to the local administrative department of human resources and social security for the record.

Article 11　　The handling bank shall standardize the work of opening a wage margin account, provide necessary convenience for storing the wage margin, verify the nature of the account with the account opening unit, make special marks on the wage margin account in the business system, and make overall restrictions on seizure, freezing or transfer settings on relevant network inspection and control platforms and electronic special line information transmission systems to prevent improper seizure, freezing or transfer, and ensure the safety of funds.

Article 12　　The wage deposit shall be stored according to a certain proportion of the project construction contract amount (or annual contract amount), and shall be distinguished according to the following circumstances:

(1) If the contract amount is more than 300 million yuan (inclusive), the storage ratio of wage deposit shall be 1%, and the storage amount shall not exceed 5 million yuan;

(two) the contract amount is less than 300 million yuan, the wage deposit storage ratio is 2%, and the storage amount is not more than 3 million yuan.

Article 13　　In any of the following circumstances, the wage deposit shall be managed in a differentiated manner:

(1) General contracting of constructionAfter the unit stores the wage deposit or submits the bank guarantee and guarantee insurance, it undertakes the construction of the project in the wage deposit management area.In a certain period of time, if there is no wage arrears, the real-name management of employment and the special account for migrant workers’ wages are implemented as required, or if the employee has obtained the title of labor security integrity demonstration unit, excellent construction enterprise and A-level evaluation of labor security integrity level, after application, the salary deposit for the new project should be reduced or exempted from storage.

1. If there is no wage arrears for two consecutive years and the real-name management of employment and the special account system for migrant workers’ wages are implemented as required, the storage ratio of wage deposit will drop by 50% (the starting date will be calculated retrospectively from the date of application);

2. If there is no wage arrears for three consecutive years and the real-name management of employment and the special account system for migrant workers’ wages are implemented as required, the wage deposit is exempted (the starting date is calculated retrospectively from the date of application);

3. Provincial labor security integrity demonstration units are exempt from storing wage deposits within 3 years in the whole province, and municipal labor security integrity demonstration units are exempt from storing wage deposits within 3 years or credit rating A-level enterprises within 1 year in the administrative area of this Municipality (counting time is calculated from the date specified in the integrity demonstration unit certificate or the date of release of rating evaluation);

4. Excellent construction enterprises at the provincial level are exempted from storing wage deposits within 2 years in the whole province, and excellent construction enterprises at the municipal level are exempted from storing wage deposits within 2 years in the administrative area of this Municipality (counting from the date specified in the certificate of excellent construction enterprises).

(2) The general contractor of construction has more than 3 projects under construction in the same wage deposit management area, and the storage ratio will be lowered by 0.5% on the basis of differentiated deposit, but not less than 0.5% of the construction contract amount.

If the construction contract amount is less than 3 million yuan, and the general contractor of the project has not defaulted on the wages of the project undertaken within one year before the signing of the construction contract, it is exempt from storing the wage deposit.

(3)General contracting of constructionunitWage arrears occurred in the construction project in the wage margin management area within 2 years before storing wage margin or submitting bank guarantee and guarantee insurance.　The proportion of wage deposit storage increased by 50%; If the wage arrears of migrant workers are included in the "list of serious untrustworthy subjects", the proportion of wage deposits will increase by 100%; After the increase, it is not limited by the upper limit of storage amount.

Article 14　　General contracting of construction that meets the conditions of reducing or exempting wage deposit.unit, a written application shall be submitted to the local administrative department of human resources and social security (Annex 2), and the local administrative department of human resources and social security shall review and give a written reply within 3 working days, and issue the Certificate of Differentiated Deposit of Wage Margin for Migrant Workers (Annex 3). Audit should be comprehensive construction general contracting.unitDaily inspection of honesty and law-abiding, clues about unpaid wages reflect the handling of cases on the platform, and the implementation of the wage payment guarantee system in the wage payment supervision information system for migrant workers.

Article 15　　The storage ratio of wage margin can be dynamically adjusted regularly according to the actual situation of ensuring the wage payment of migrant workers in this province, and announced to the public on its own initiative.

Article 16　　The principal and interest in the wage guarantee account belong to the construction general contractor who opened the account.unitAll. During the period when the wage deposit account is supervised, the enterprise can freely withdraw and use the interest and other lawful income of the wage deposit.

Except in accordance with the provisions of Article 22 of these Provisions, no other unit or individual may use the principal in the wage guarantee account.

Article 17　　The general contractor of construction adopts bank guarantee or guarantee insurance instead of cash to store wage deposit, and the amount of guarantee or insurance of guarantee is equal to the amount of wage deposit stored in cash.

The original bank guarantee and guarantee insurance certificate (Annexes 4 and 5) shall be submitted to the local administrative department of human resources and social security for preservation.

Article 18　　The bank guarantee shall be in favor of the local administrative department of human resources and social security, and the nature of the guarantee is irrevocable on demand.

Guarantee insurance replaces wage deposit, and the local administrative department of human resources and social security has the right to claim insurance money on behalf of the insured, and finally pays it to the insured.

Article 19　　General contracting of constructionunitEffective letter of guarantee and insurance shall be provided during the construction period of the project, and the validity period of the letter of guarantee and insurance shall be at least one year and exceed the construction contract period by more than 90 days (inclusive). If the unfinished letter of guarantee and insurance of the project expire, the general construction contract will be made.unitA new letter of guarantee and insurance shall be replaced or the validity period of the letter of guarantee and insurance shall be extended one month before its expiration.

Article 20　　In accordance with the provisions of differentiated storage, the construction general contracting unit that has reduced or exempted the wage deposit has the problem of wage arrears for migrant workers, and if the circumstances are serious and cause adverse social impact, it shall re-store the wage deposit in accordance with the provisions of wage deposit storage.

Article 21　　The local administrative department of human resources and social security shall store the wage deposit or open a bank guarantee and guarantee the general construction contract.unitThe list and the corresponding project name shall be announced to the public, and the construction general contracting enterprise shall incorporate the implementation of the wage guarantee system in this project into the content of the rights protection information bulletin board.

Chapter III Use of Wage Margin

Article 22　　General contracting of constructionunitIf the contracted project is in arrears with the wages of migrant workers, the administrative department of human resources and social security of the territory shall make an administrative decision to order it to pay off within a time limit or pay off in advance, and the general construction contract shall be made.unitIf the local human resources and social security administrative department refuses to perform at the due date, it may issue the Notice of Payment of Wage Margin for Migrant Workers (Annex 6, hereinafter referred to as the Notice of Payment) to the handling bank, and notify the relevant general construction contractor and the handling bank in writing. The handling bank shall, within 5 working days after receiving the Notice of Payment, pay the corresponding amount of money from the wage guarantee account to the migrant workers who are in arrears of wages designated by the local administrative department of human resources and social security by bank transfer.

General contracting of constructionunitWhere the bank guarantee or guarantee insurance is used to replace the wage deposit, the agency providing the bank guarantee or guarantee insurance shall pay the wages of migrant workers in accordance with the bank guarantee and guarantee insurance agreement within 5 working days after receiving the Notice of Payment.

Article 23　　After the wage deposit is used, the general construction contract will be made.unitThe wage deposit shall be replenished within 10 working days from the date of use.

Where the bank guarantee or guarantee insurance is used to replace the wage deposit, the general construction contract will be undertaken.unitA new letter of guarantee with the same scope and amount of guarantee as the original letter of guarantee, new insurance with the same scope and amount of insurance liability as the original insurance shall be provided within 10 working days, or the wage deposit shall be stored in cash. After the construction general contractor opens a new letter of guarantee and insurance, the original letter of guarantee and insurance liability shall become invalid.

Article 24　　Where the wage deposit is stored in cash, the handling bank shall provide the wage deposit statement to the construction general contractor and the local human resources and social security administrative department every quarter.

Article 25　　After the completion of the project corresponding to the wage deposit, the general contractor of the construction makes a written commitment that there is no unresolved problem of wage arrears for migrant workers in this project, and can apply for returning (canceling) the wage deposit or returning the original bank guarantee and guarantee insurance certificate 30 days after the rights protection information bulletin board on the construction site and the portal website of the local human resources and social security administrative department are publicized.

The local administrative department of human resources and social security shall complete the examination within 5 working days after the general contractor submits the written application (Annex 7), and issue the Confirmation Letter of Return (Cancellation) of Wage Margin for Migrant Workers within 3 working days after the examination (Annex 8). After the handling bank receives the confirmation letter, the wage deposit account will be deregistered, and the corresponding funds will no longer belong to the wage deposit. The general contractor can freely dispose of the account funds or cancel the account.

If the bank guarantee or guarantee insurance is used to store the wage deposit instead of cash, and it complies with the provisions of the first paragraph of this article, the local administrative department of human resources and social security shall undertake the general construction contract.unitSubmit a written application and review it within 5 working days, and return the original bank guarantee and guarantee insurance certificate within 3 working days after review.

The local administrative department of human resources and social security finds that there is an unresolved problem of wage arrears for migrant workers in the corresponding project during the audit, and should inform the general contractor in writing within 3 working days after the audit is completed. After the general contractor performs the responsibility of paying off (paying off first) according to law, it can submit a written application for returning (canceling) the wage deposit or returning the original bank guarantee and guarantee insurance certificate again.

Article 26　　The local administrative department of human resources and social security shall establish a regular (at least once every six months) check mechanism for the wage guarantee. If it is verified that the project is completed and there is no problem of wage arrears for migrant workers, the general contractor of construction fails to submit the application for return within a certain period of time, it should take the initiative to start the return procedure.

Article 27　　General contracting of constructionunitIf an administrative act of an administrative department damages its lawful rights and interests, it may apply for administrative reconsideration or bring an administrative lawsuit to a people’s court according to law.

Chapter IV Supervision of Wage Margin

Article 28　　The competent department of industrial engineering construction shall inform the relevant units in writing to store the wage deposit in time when issuing the construction permit or approving the commencement report, and feed back the basic information of the project to the local administrative department of human resources and social security in writing within 3 working days.

Article 29　　The wage deposit shall be earmarked for special purposes, except for paying off (paying off first) the general construction contract.unitThe contracted projects shall not be used for other purposes except the wages owed to migrant workers.

Unless otherwise provided by law, the wage deposit shall not be sealed up, frozen or allocated for reasons other than paying the wages of migrant workers who provide labor for this project.

Article 30　　The administrative department of human resources and social security should strengthen supervision and control over the general contracting of construction.unitFailing to store or supplement the wage deposit (or provide or update the guarantee and guarantee insurance) according to the Regulations on the Protection of Wage Payment of Migrant Workers and these Measures, the legal liability shall be investigated in accordance with the provisions of Article 55 of the Regulations on the Protection of Wage Payment of Migrant Workers.

For the general construction contract that fails to implement the wage guarantee system according to the regulations.unitIn addition to administrative punishment (handling) according to law, it should be included in its credit record in accordance with relevant regulations, and credit punishment should be implemented according to law.

If banks, insurance companies and other agencies fail to handle the wage guarantee business according to the regulations, the provincial human resources and social security administrative department will take regulatory measures in conjunction with the financial regulatory department according to law.

Article 31　　The administrative department of human resources and social security in the territory should establish a wage guarantee management ledger, strictly regulate the financial and auditing systems, strengthen account supervision, and ensure earmarking. The management ledger should include relevant information such as the storage, filing, use and return of the wage margin, and be included in the management of the supervision information system for ensuring the wage payment of migrant workers.

The competent department of industrial engineering construction shall promptly notify the administrative department of human resources and social security at the same level of the problem of failing to store the wage deposit according to the regulations found in the daily supervision and inspection.

If the administrative department arbitrarily reduces or exempts, collects over the limit, misappropriates illegally, or delays the return of the wage deposit without any reason, the responsibility shall be seriously investigated, and the relevant responsible personnel shall be held accountable according to the law and regulations; Those suspected of committing a crime shall be transferred to judicial organs for handling.

Chapter V Supplementary Provisions

Article 32　　Other projects outside the fields of housing, municipal administration, railways, highways, waterways, civil aviation, water conservancy and communications shall be implemented with reference to these measures.

Where the wage guarantee is replaced by the guarantee company’s guarantee, it shall be implemented with reference to the relevant provisions of the bank guarantee.

Article 33　　These Measures shall be interpreted by the Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security in conjunction with the Provincial Development and Reform Commission, the Provincial Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Provincial Department of Transportation, the Provincial Department of Water Resources, the Provincial Communications Administration, the Hefei Central Branch of the People’s Bank of China, and the Anhui Supervision Bureau of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, China. Major problems encountered in the implementation, please report to the Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security in a timely manner.

Article 34　　These Measures shall come into force as of the date of promulgation.

Before the implementation of these Measures, the wage deposit, bank guarantee or guarantee insurance that has been stored according to the original wage deposit policy of the territory shall remain valid, and its daily management, use and return shall be implemented in accordance with the original provisions; After the implementation of these measures, the wage margin of newly started projects and projects under construction that have not yet stored the wage margin shall be implemented in accordance with these measures.

Attachment: 1. Deposit Agreement for Wage Margin of Migrant Workers (Sample)

2. Application Form for Differentiated Deposit of Wage Margin for Migrant Workers (Sample)

3 migrant workers’ wage margin differential deposit certificate (sample)

4 migrant workers’ wage deposit bank guarantee (sample)

5 migrant workers’ wage payment performance guarantee insurance certificate (sample)

6. Notice of Payment of Wage Margin for Migrant Workers (Sample)

7 migrant workers’ wage deposit return (cancellation) application form (sample)

8 migrant workers’ wage deposit return (cancellation) confirmation (sample)

Attachment 1-8.doc

The people’s governments of all prefectures and cities, the Administrative Committee of Central Yunnan Industrial New District, and the relevant departments directly under the provincial government:

The Implementation Plan for Resolving the Contradiction of Serious Overcapacity is hereby printed and distributed to you, please implement it carefully.

Yunnan Provincial People’s Government

4 May 2014

Implementation plan for resolving the contradiction of serious overcapacity

Resolving the contradiction of serious overcapacity is the focus of promoting industrial restructuring at present and in the future, and it is also an important task to accelerate industrial upgrading in our province, improve the quality and level of economic development, promote scientific development, and realize the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way in synchronization with the whole country. According to the spirit of "Guiding Opinions of the State Council on Resolving the Contradiction of Serious Overcapacity" (Guo Fa [2013] No.41), in order to resolutely implement the relevant national requirements, effectively solve the outstanding problems existing in the steel, cement, electrolytic aluminum and flat glass industries in our province, prevent new contradictions, promote the sustained and healthy development of the industry and promote the adjustment of industrial structure, this implementation plan is specially formulated.

First, the overall thinking and objectives

(A) the overall thinking

Eliminate backward production capacity and adjust and optimize the structure. Decompose and implement the annual target of eliminating backward production capacity, encourage the accelerated elimination of backward production capacity, and guide enterprises to voluntarily withdraw from industries with serious overcapacity. Promote the merger and reorganization of enterprises, support and cultivate the development and growth of excellent and strong enterprises. On the premise of strictly controlling the total amount, we will promote the adjustment and optimization of industrial layout in an orderly manner.

Undertake industrial transfer, green and efficient development. Give full play to the rich advantages of clean energy and resources in our province, actively undertake industrial transfer, and deploy to areas with abundant hydropower and large environmental capacity with the strictest energy-saving and emission-reduction standards and the most advanced technology, so as to realize efficient industrial development, eco-environmental friendliness and obvious social benefits.

Expand border opening and broaden market space. Take advantage of the State Council’s policy of speeding up the development and opening up of border areas, give play to our geographical advantages of being close to Southeast Asia and South Asia, encourage enterprises to go abroad, and strive to use overseas resources and develop the markets of neighboring countries.

(II) Main objectives

Through five years’ efforts, important progress has been made in resolving the contradiction of serious overcapacity:

The scale of production capacity is basically reasonable. The total production capacity of steel, cement, electrolytic aluminum and flat glass industries is compatible with environmental bearing capacity, total energy consumption, market demand and resource guarantee, and its advantages are obviously brought into play, and the capacity utilization rate has reached a reasonable level.

The quality of development has improved significantly. Industrial concentration has been significantly improved, the level of clean production and comprehensive utilization of resources has been significantly improved, economic benefits have been significantly improved, and core competitiveness has been significantly enhanced.

Second, the main task

(a) it is forbidden to build new capacity projects.

Strictly implement the provisions and requirements in Document No.41 [2013] of Guofa, and strengthen the project management of industries with serious overcapacity. All localities and departments are not allowed to approve and record new capacity projects in industries with serious overcapacity in any name or in any way. Relevant departments and institutions are not allowed to handle land supply, energy assessment, environmental assessment approval and new credit support, or arrange land use indicators. It is strictly forbidden to provide land space for new capacity projects in industries with serious overcapacity through revision and adjustment of planning, or go through land use approval procedures.

(2) Classify and properly handle illegal projects under construction.

The people’s governments of the prefectures and cities are responsible for comprehensively finding out the capacity scale, technical equipment level of steel, cement, electrolytic aluminum and flat glass within the administrative area, and the basic situation of projects under construction and proposed. Carefully control the requirements of land management, environmental protection, investment management, safety supervision, quality supervision and other laws and regulations, and judge whether the project is illegal according to whether the relevant procedures are fulfilled or whether the procedures are in compliance with the regulations. Any illegal project that has not started shall not be started; All illegal projects under construction that do not meet industrial policies, access standards and environmental protection requirements will be stopped.

For illegal projects under construction that really need to be built, on the basis of meeting the requirements of layout planning and environmental bearing capacity, and the principle of equal or reduced replacement, the people’s governments of the prefectures and cities shall submit project application reports, which shall be submitted to the Provincial Development and Reform Commission, the Industry and Information Technology Commission and copied to the relevant functional departments such as the Provincial Department of Land and Resources and the Environmental Protection Department. After preliminary examination, the provincial people’s government shall report them to the relevant state ministries and commissions for identification. Through the identification of the project in accordance with the law to complete the relevant procedures. The illegal projects under construction that have not been identified shall not be continued, and shall be properly handled by the state and municipal people’s governments themselves; For illegal projects under construction that are concealed and not reported, once verified, construction will be stopped immediately, financial institutions will stop issuing loans, and the departments of land resources and environmental protection will deal with them according to laws and regulations such as the Land Management Law and the Environmental Protection Law. Those involved in dereliction of duty and trading of power and money will be seriously investigated and punished, and those who are poorly supervised will be seriously investigated for their responsibilities. At the same time, according to the principle that whoever violates the rules is responsible, do a good job in the aftermath of debt and personnel placement. The results of all illegal projects under construction shall be made public to the public.

Conditions for determining illegal projects under construction. The place where the enterprise is located completes the annual emission reduction task; The site selection of the project meets the relevant requirements, the land for the project meets the overall land use planning and land use standards, and there are legal land use approval procedures, etc.; Equipment and scale meet the requirements of industry access conditions; Environmental protection meets the certification conditions issued by the Ministry of Environmental Protection.

(3) Clean up and rectify the illegal production capacity.

The state and municipal people’s governments are responsible for cleaning up the illegal production capacity built within their administrative areas, and according to the administrative licensing law, land management law, environmental protection law and other laws and regulations, as well as the total energy consumption control index, industrial structure adjustment guidance catalogue, industry norms and access conditions, environmental protection standards and other requirements, put forward rectification plans and report them to the provincial development and Reform Commission, the Industry and Information Technology Commission, the Department of Land and Resources, the Department of Environmental Protection and other departments. After the relevant departments organize experts to check, they put forward the rectification plan for illegal production capacity in our province and report it to the provincial people’s government, which will be publicized to the public on the government website with the consent of the provincial people’s government. After adjustment and improvement according to the opinions, it shall be reported to the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Land and Resources, the Ministry of Environmental Protection and other ministries and commissions for the record.

The rectification plan should include the following contents: the basic situation of the industry in this region; Eliminate backwardness and optimize the layout of the goals and tasks; Standard conditions for building illegal production capacity to clean up and rectify; List of approved projects; The compliance of enterprises and illegal projects with standard conditions; Control measures (for illegal projects that are not recognized); Supporting policies and risk prevention.

Conditions for filing illegal projects. The place where the enterprise is located completes the annual emission reduction task; The land for the project conforms to the overall land use planning and land use standards, and there are legal land use approval procedures, etc.; The project meets the industry access conditions; Environmental protection meets the filing conditions issued by the Ministry of Environmental Protection. If an enterprise has equipment that is eliminated in the Industrial Structure Adjustment Catalogue (2011 edition), it must submit a specific plan for eliminating backward equipment.

Strengthen standardized management. If the illegal production capacity has been built through the national record, the enterprise should apply for perfecting the relevant procedures according to the requirements of the relevant state ministries and commissions. Projects with backward technology and equipment, unqualified product quality, and substandard energy consumption and emissions are included in the annual task of eliminating backward products to speed up elimination.

Third, separate policies

(1) Steel

Comprehensively promote the application of steel structures and high-strength seismic steel bars, and promote the upgrading of building steel products. Increase the development of neighboring countries’ markets. Severely crack down on illegal acts such as fake and shoddy steel, tax evasion and tax evasion, and standardize the fair competition environment in the market.

Deepen the joint restructuring of steel enterprises, focus on promoting the joint restructuring, transformation and upgrading of steel industries such as Yuxi City, Qujing City, Chuxiong Prefecture and Honghe Prefecture, promote the optimization and upgrading of steel stocks, and form two or three steel enterprise groups with a production capacity of more than 5 million tons.

Eliminate backward production capacity. Resolutely eliminate iron-making blast furnaces with a capacity of 400 cubic meters or less, converters and electric furnaces with a capacity of 30 tons or less, and eliminated equipment listed in the Guidance Catalogue for Industrial Structure Adjustment (2011 edition); The production capacity promised to be eliminated must be dismantled before the project is put into production. Strengthen the management and control of energy conservation and emission reduction, gradually establish an annual notification system for resources and energy consumption of iron and steel enterprises, and take measures such as key supervision and punitive water and electricity prices for enterprises that fail to meet industry norms, forcing the elimination of backward production capacity.

Implement the relocation and upgrading project of Kunming Iron and Steel Group, steadily promote the preliminary work of the "three-headed outside" steel project in Baoshan City, and explore the electric furnace ironmaking process in the hydropower-rich areas according to the principle of equal or reduced replacement.

(II) Electrolytic aluminum

Give full play to the resource endowment and unique location advantages of electric mines and actively undertake industrial transfer. Study and introduce policies and measures to improve the competitiveness of existing production capacity and build industry benchmarks. In accordance with the requirements of the state to support the orderly transfer to areas with competitive advantages in energy, especially hydropower-rich areas, in areas rich in hydropower and mineral resources, the strictest standards for energy conservation and emission reduction will be adopted, and hydropower aluminum will be moderately developed at a high starting point and on a large scale, so as to reduce the pressure of large-scale long-distance transmission and the phenomenon of abandoned water, and realize the local transformation of resources.

Innovate the development mode of hydropower aluminum, extend the industrial chain up and down, accelerate the development of deep processing products such as aluminum foil, wide aluminum strip and aluminum alloy for packaging and electronics, and develop carbon for aluminum to form an alumina-hydropower aluminum-aluminum deep processing industrial chain.

Increase the research and development and application of key technologies at the forefront of energy conservation and emission reduction to achieve green development. Develop safe and energy-saving buildings and promote the application of aluminum materials.

(3) Cement

Promote the use of high-grade cement and high-performance concrete, and gradually reduce the proportion of production and use of 32.5 composite cement. Vigorously develop cement products, develop and apply special cement, and improve the bulk cement rate. Actively explore the markets of neighboring countries.

Increase energy conservation and emission reduction, and promote layout adjustment and optimization in an orderly manner. Accelerate the technical transformation of the existing cement (clinker) production line, such as pure low temperature waste heat power generation, energy saving of grinding system, frequency conversion speed regulation, denitrification and so on. Encourage and support the use of existing cement kilns around central cities to co-dispose of municipal solid waste, sludge and hazardous wastes. Implement differentiated management policies to adapt the total production capacity to environmental carrying capacity, market demand and resource guarantee, and coordinate the industrial layout with regional economic development.

Resolutely eliminate backward production capacity. Forced elimination of cement clinker production lines in mechanical vertical kiln and wet kiln; Through equal or reduced replacement measures, the cement production line with a daily output of less than 2,000 tons (except special cement) and the cement clinker production capacity with high resource and energy consumption and substandard pollutant discharge will be forced to withdraw from the market, and the cement clinker production capacity will be eliminated by more than 10 million tons.

Focus on supporting Yunnan Kungang Cement Building Materials Group, CONCH, Lafarge Ruian, China Building Materials Group Yunnan Southwest Cement, Yunnan huaxin cement, China Resources Cement, Yiliang Hongshi Cement and other advantageous backbone cement enterprises to carry out cross-regional and cross-ownership mergers and acquisitions to become bigger and stronger. By 2017, the number of cement clinker production enterprises in the province will be controlled within 90, and the cement production capacity and output of the top 10 enterprises will account for more than 75% of the total in the province.

(4) Flat glass

Support glass enterprises to jointly research and develop characteristic glass products with resource advantages in our province with scientific research institutes and universities, and develop safe and energy-saving functional glass.

Carry out inter-provincial docking activities, actively undertake industrial transfer, and strive to open up surrounding markets. In areas rich in quartz sand resources, based on the principle of equal replacement, moderately lay out the production capacity of high-quality float glass, encourage the integration of raw film production and deep processing, and cultivate a deep processing base for glass.

Strengthen the supervision of the elimination of backwardness and energy conservation and emission reduction of existing flat glass production enterprises, and accelerate the withdrawal of enterprises with small scale, poor equipment, low added value, high resource and energy consumption and serious environmental pollution.

The Provincial Development and Reform Commission is responsible for resolving the contradiction of serious overcapacity in the steel and electrolytic aluminum industries; The Provincial Commission of Industry and Information Technology is responsible for resolving the contradiction of serious overcapacity in the cement and flat glass industries.

Fourth, the implementation steps

The first stage. Prepare the implementation plan for resolving the contradiction of serious overcapacity in Yunnan Province, and the people’s governments of various states and municipalities will comprehensively clean up the production capacity and projects of industries with serious overcapacity. It’s done.

The second stage. According to the implementation plan, the people’s governments of the prefectures and cities study and put forward plans for rectifying the illegal production capacity built in the region, and put forward application reports for illegal projects under construction that are really necessary, and report them to the relevant departments at the provincial level. Relevant departments directly under the provincial level shall study and formulate relevant policies and detailed rules. Completed before May 20, 2014.

The third stage. The Provincial Development and Reform Commission, the Industry and Information Technology Commission, in consultation with relevant functional departments, completed the rectification plan for illegal production capacity and publicized it according to the situation of cleaning up the production capacity and projects of industries with serious overcapacity in various States and cities, and put forward the illegal projects under construction that are really necessary to be built and reported for identification. Completed before the end of June 2014.

The fourth stage. According to the feedback from the state, improve the project procedures and continue to implement and promote relevant work. Completed by the end of 2017.

V. Policy measures

Relevant provincial departments and state and municipal people’s governments shall, according to their functions and responsibilities, do a good job in refining and implementing policies and measures.

(A) improve industry management

It is necessary to give full play to the guiding and binding role of national industry planning, policies and standards, strengthen industry access and standardized management, and actively declare and publicize the list of qualified production lines and enterprises. Give play to the important role of industry associations in industry self-discipline and information services, and timely release relevant information such as capacity utilization and market supply and demand in industries with serious overcapacity. Regularly publish the list of enterprises that eliminate backward production capacity, unqualified products, and unqualified energy consumption and emissions.

In combination with the reform of the administrative examination and approval system, we will strengthen supervision during and after the event, take the lead in establishing a project information database for the steel and cement industries, and interconnect it with information systems such as land and resources, environmental protection and finance to form a collaborative supervision and early warning mechanism for production capacity.

(B) to strengthen the supervision and management of environmental protection hard constraints

Strengthen the management of environmental protection access, strictly control the total discharge of major pollutants in the region, and improve the measures to limit the number of batches in the region. Carry out dynamic monitoring of environmental quality and emissions of key pollution sources, and implement measures such as limiting production and stopping production for enterprises with excessive pollutant emissions.

Strengthen supervision and inspection of law enforcement, expose the list of enterprises that violate the environment, increase punishment, and order rectification within a time limit. Enterprises with serious pollution emissions exceeding the standard should stop production for rectification; Enterprises that still do not meet the relevant provisions of pollutant discharge standards and special emission limits after rectification shall be shut down.

(C) play the role of land regulation

Give play to the overall control role of the overall land use planning, and it is strictly forbidden to provide land space for new capacity projects in industries with serious overcapacity such as steel, cement, electrolytic aluminum and flat glass by modifying and adjusting the planning, and strictly prevent the legalization of land that does not meet the national industrial policy.

Strict land use planning management. For steel, cement, electrolytic aluminum, flat glass and other industrial projects with serious overcapacity, no new construction land planning indicators will be arranged, and the pre-trial application for land use will not be accepted. Those that have been accepted will not pass the pre-trial application.

For industries with serious overcapacity that eliminate backward production capacity, if the existing land is used for development and conversion, and the use of industrial land is not changed under the premise of conforming to the national industrial policy and relevant planning, the land use rate can be improved and the construction volume ratio can be increased without increasing the land price; In the transformation and development, involving the change of land use, in accordance with the "agreement to transfer the right to use state-owned land (Trial)" for.

(D) the implementation of fiscal and taxation policies

Actively strive for financial support from the central government for structural adjustment and industrial upgrading of industries with serious overcapacity, and implement tax policies to promote mergers and acquisitions of enterprises and transfer excess capacity overseas.

Implement targeted credit guidance policies for industries with serious overcapacity. Construction projects that have not obtained legal procedures are not allowed to lend, issue bonds or go public for financing. Through the development of targeted M&A loans, the interest rate and loan term of M&A loans will be reasonably determined, and credit support for mergers and acquisitions of enterprises with superior industries will be increased.

Enterprises with backward technology and equipment, unqualified product quality, unqualified energy consumption and emissions and listed in the annual task of eliminating backwardness announced by the competent departments of various industries shall not add new credit support, and the existing credit shall be cleared up in time to ensure the safety of creditor’s rights.

(5) Improve and standardize the price policy.

We will continue to implement the differential electricity price policy for energy-intensive enterprises.

We will implement the ladder price policy for electricity consumption in electrolytic aluminum enterprises, and study and formulate the implementation opinions of ladder price in steel, cement and other industries in a timely manner. On the basis of the current catalogue electricity price, in accordance with the relevant provisions, the restricted enterprises in high energy-consuming industries such as cement and steel will be charged 0. 10 yuan per kWh, and the eliminated enterprises will be charged 0. 30 yuan per kWh. According to the energy consumption limit standards formulated by the state and our province, and the list of substandard enterprises determined by the competent department of industry, the national differential electricity price policy will be implemented. Strengthen the supervision and inspection of the implementation of the electricity price policy, and seriously investigate and deal with the behavior of not implementing the national electricity price policy. Support power users who meet the national industrial policies and environmental protection requirements to conduct direct transactions with power generation enterprises. The electricity price is determined by both parties through consultation, and the transmission and distribution price is implemented according to the transmission and distribution price standard of Yunnan Power Grid approved by the National Development and Reform Commission.

(6) create a fair environment

We will ensure that all ownership economies use production factors equally in accordance with the law, participate in market competition fairly, and be equally protected by law, effectively reduce administrative intervention in the production and business activities of enterprises, and resolutely clean up and abolish preferential policies such as land, resources, taxes, electricity prices, etc., which harm fair competition, and restrictive measures such as local protection and market segmentation in attracting investment from governments at all levels. Strengthen intellectual property protection and quality system construction, crack down on counterfeit and shoddy products, rectify and standardize market order, and form a market environment conducive to innovation and development.

Resolutely cancel the preferential policies of land and resources that harm fair competition. Strictly implement the bidding, auction and listing transfer system for industrial and business projects, and shall not transfer the right to use state-owned construction land below the minimum standard for industrial land transfer. It is strictly forbidden to attract investment in the form of land exchange for projects, first levy and return, subsidies, etc. Conscientiously clean up and resolutely abolish the preferential policies for project land and mining in industries with serious overcapacity, and ban all problems such as illegally transferring the right to use state-owned construction land at low prices, lowering the tax threshold and quota standard for land investment, distributing land indicators, and lowering the transfer price of mining industry.

(seven) the implementation of the employee placement policy.

Governments at all levels should earnestly shoulder their responsibilities and incorporate laid-off workers from enterprises into the employment support policy system to resolve the contradiction of serious overcapacity. We will implement policies such as promoting self-employment, encouraging enterprises to absorb employment and helping people with employment difficulties, strengthen services such as free job introduction and career guidance for laid-off and unemployed people, provide vocational training, carry out entrepreneurship guidance and entrepreneurship training, implement policies such as tax reduction and exemption for self-employment and small secured loans, and support laid-off and unemployed people to promote employment through entrepreneurship. Do a good job in the continuation and transfer of social insurance relations for laid-off workers, implement their social security benefits in accordance with regulations, and properly handle the labor relations of employees according to law.

VI. Implementing safeguards

(A) unify thinking and raise awareness.

Earnestly study the State Council’s guiding opinions on resolving the contradiction of serious overcapacity, fully understand its importance and urgency in economic transformation and industrial restructuring, unify thoughts and actions in the arrangement and deployment of the State Council, and earnestly implement them. It is necessary to strengthen cohesion and communication, track and master the implementation rules of the relevant state ministries and commissions to resolve the contradiction of serious overcapacity, and effectively solve the outstanding problems existing in the development of the industry in our province.

(B) to strengthen publicity.

Give play to the role of news media in guiding public opinion and the supervision of the public. Through various media and in various forms, we will vigorously publicize the implementation, typical experience and good practices of resolving the contradiction of serious overcapacity in our province, enhance social confidence and create a good public opinion environment. Strengthen the supervision of public opinion, and publicly expose those who continue to violate laws and regulations to ensure the smooth progress of resolving the contradiction of serious overcapacity.

(3) Strengthen supervision and inspection

The work of resolving the contradiction of serious overcapacity is listed as an important part of the implementation of the supervision and inspection of major decision-making arrangements of the provincial party Committee and the provincial government, and the supervision and inspection of the implementation of this implementation plan is strengthened by the provincial government supervision room. Strict law enforcement accountability, the state, city and department of poor work, informed criticism, establish and improve the responsibility extension system. Strengthen the investigation and handling of cases, and if the supervision of industrial projects with serious overcapacity in violation of laws and regulations is weak, the responsibility of the responsible person shall be investigated in accordance with relevant state regulations. The work of curbing redundant construction and resolving the contradiction of serious overcapacity will be included in the performance evaluation index system of state and municipal people’s governments.

Attachment: Division of Key Tasks and Schedule

attachment

Investigation on Grey Production Chain of Online Professional Counterfeiting

● In recent years, a considerable number of professional counterfeiters often take advantage of the loopholes in the shelf life of goods and the description of advertising language, deliberately buy in large quantities, demand the merchants to pay compensation, and even become professional claimants. Different from the anti-counterfeiting governance of e-commerce platforms, these professional counterfeiters are usually parasitic on major e-commerce platforms and extort money in the name of anti-counterfeiting, which seriously disrupts the market order.

● With the rise of online shopping, the "battlefield" of professional counterfeiters has also expanded from offline physical stores to online stores. In the eyes of professional counterfeiters, counterfeiting is also a technical activity, and it is necessary to be familiar with advertising law and e-commerce law, and there is a complete set of processes. It is understood that food, clothing, shoes and other industries have different anti-counterfeiting methods, and high-level shop counterfeiters are afraid to go to trouble easily.

● Most professional counterfeiters aim at making profits, and their role in cracking down on counterfeiting and maintaining public interests is very limited. Moreover, professional claims occupy a lot of administrative and judicial resources, which has a negative impact on normal market supervision.

□ Our reporter Zhao Li

□ Intern Dong Jinmeng of this newspaper

"How can you prove that the oak tree is 20 years old?" In the face of such cross-examination, Zheng Min really has a hundred arguments, because he can’t make the oak tree that has been made into a table prove its innocence.

This is not a comedy or a fabricated funny plot, but a real case recently revealed by the media-Zheng Min met a professional counterfeiter. A few days ago, Zheng Min sold an oak table in an online shop. In the product description, he said that this table was "carefully built with 20 years of oak". Subsequently, this sentence was targeted by professional counterfeiters and complained to the e-commerce platform that the seller was suspected of false propaganda.

The participation of the whole people in counterfeiting is an effective channel to control counterfeit and shoddy goods. However, in recent years, a considerable number of professional counterfeiters often take advantage of the loopholes in the shelf life of goods and the description of advertising language, deliberately buy in large quantities, ask merchants to pay compensation, and even become professional claimants. Different from the anti-counterfeiting governance of e-commerce platforms, these professional counterfeiters are usually parasitic on major e-commerce platforms and extort money in the name of anti-counterfeiting, which seriously disrupts the market order. In this regard, the "Legal Daily" reporter conducted an investigation.

Recruit apprentices to impart experience.

Teach anti-counterfeiting as well as anti-counterfeiting

In fact, what Zheng Min people are facing is not the individual counterfeiters, but a huge industrial chain of professional counterfeiting.

After the reporter of Legal Daily entered the word "professional anti-counterfeiting" in the search box of QQ group, a large number of QQ groups named "professional anti-counterfeiting exchange group" and "professional anti-counterfeiting rights protection" appeared immediately, including many paying groups and some large groups with a scale of thousands of people.

After a period of browsing and investigation, the reporter of Legal Daily found that among these professional anti-counterfeiting groups, many so-called "predecessors" will come to chat with you privately as long as they express themselves as a "little white" (newcomer) and seek teaching after joining the group, some just receive simple consultation, while others are for the purpose of "accepting apprentices".

"Apprenticeship" refers to how to teach newcomers how to engage in professional counterfeiting by recruiting apprentices. Through the conversation, the reporter of Legal Daily found that these "predecessors" who recruited apprentices mainly made profits in another form besides counterfeiting. Fees range from 38 yuan to 2000 yuan, and the content of study can be anti-counterfeiting or anti-counterfeiting.

Among them, learning to counterfeit goods can be roughly divided into "food-eating" types that require merchants to refund but not return goods, multiple refund types, and high compensation types that require one fake and ten penalties. In the teaching content, there are also professors’ anti-counterfeiting skills for brands, price differences, materials and authorization certificates.

In some QQ group files, the Legal Daily reporter found a large number of professional anti-counterfeiting tutorials, among which there are files that specifically introduce "slang" in the industry. For example, "getting on the bus" means that others take you to fight against counterfeiting, and "ticket" means that "getting on the bus" means giving money to others as a benefit.

In addition, there are many documents that introduce the operation process of anti-counterfeiting, which describe the process of online anti-counterfeiting in detail, including finding links that may be fakes, talking to customer service, how to take a video of unpacking when receiving goods, how to provide reasonable evidence, and how to apply for a refund. It is accompanied by many laws and regulations, including the consumer rights protection law and the advertising law.

After browsing more than 10 such professional anti-counterfeiting groups, the reporter of Legal Daily noticed that the content of group chat was mainly divided into three categories: accepting apprentice advertisements, making fake proof advertisements and discussing anti-counterfeiting results. In addition, fake links will be shared in the group. According to reports, people with good relationships will send such links in small groups and carry out "counterfeiting" on a small scale. If you send it in a large group of hundreds of people, there may be a rush.

In the eyes of professional counterfeiters, counterfeiting is also a technical activity, and it is necessary to be familiar with advertising law and e-commerce law, and there is a complete set of processes. It is understood that food, clothing, shoes and other industries have different anti-counterfeiting methods, and high-level shop counterfeiters are afraid to go to trouble easily.

In the group, the group owner or "old bird" will "scan" the stores with good sales on the e-commerce platform according to the category. Once a product description is found to be problematic, it will quickly take evidence, and at the same time throw the product link and fake technology into the group, mobilize the professional counterfeiters in the group to place orders, give bad reviews and report after receiving the goods, and then wait for the merchants to lose money.

Abandoning e-commerce and turning to counterfeiting

Apprenticeship fees are expensive

In the anti-counterfeiting group, there are not only "old birds" who are familiar with relevant laws and regulations, but also countless "little whites" who are similar to college students or treasure moms. They just want to earn some extra money through anti-counterfeiting.

In the investigation, the reporter of Legal Daily contacted three so-called "predecessors", nicknamed "Leaves", "Bad Kids" and "Baby".

"Leaves" claimed to be an e-commerce business, but was annoyed by professional counterfeiting, so they spent a lot of money to learn anti-counterfeiting and anti-counterfeiting. Now they have been doing "apprentice" business for 6 years. The anti-counterfeiting platform spans multiple e-commerce platforms. According to the friends in the group, "leaves" are very expensive, at least thousands of dollars.

"Bad kids" said that they wanted more people to know about professional counterfeiting, so "accepting apprentices" was cheaper. After paying the fee, the "bad boy" first sent two documents to the reporter of Legal Daily, namely, Summary of Food Safety Standards Related to Labeling Requirements, and Imported Aloe Beverage will be refunded for one and compensated for ten. The latter is a media report, which tells that the power of returning one to compensate ten points to new resource videos. Some new resource videos were awarded ten times compensation by relevant departments because they did not compile relevant signs in advance.

Later, the "bad boy" sent a tutorial to the reporter of "Legal Daily" about the prohibited items of an e-commerce platform. According to him, searching for contraband and other items on relevant platforms is the easiest to succeed, such as anti-wolf spray, stun guns and so on. According to the specific steps of the demonstration, don’t unpack the package after arrival, and then apply for a refund after recording the unpacking video. At this time, it is only to apply for a refund, and the reason for the refund is contraband. "If the merchant doesn’t handle it, it will be refunded automatically when the time is up. If the merchant refuses to apply for a refund, you can take photos or upload videos, and generally the refund will be processed in two or three days. "

"How do we need to find fakes? The easiest way is to look at the price, and the price of the goods is half that of the authentic flagship store. " "Bad kids" believe that the key elements of "eating goods" are to find links, shoot out-of-the-box videos, provide reasonable evidence and apply for a refund. If you negotiate, it mainly depends on your expressive ability. If the customer service of the e-commerce platform intervenes, it will be required to submit a certificate proving that it is a fake. Then, for example, someone in the comments commented that this is a fake and can also be used as evidence. "

According to the "bad boy", generally speaking, the successful compensation for food is from 500 yuan to 1000 yuan. According to him, many merchants have a guilty conscience. "So, even if the merchants call the police, they don’t have to be afraid. This is rarely the case."

According to "Baby", it is necessary to download two App platforms, "Tianyancha" and "National 12315" first. The former looks for fakes, and the latter complains to merchants. The specific steps of "counterfeiting" include: first, looking for the problematic merchant store, generally there will be photos such as business license in the store, and then compare it with the manufacturer in the product review, and then compare it in the eye check; Later, when communicating with the merchants, relevant laws and regulations will be used. For this reason, "Baby" has listed a number of provisions such as Article 148 of the Food Safety Law in detail, and a series of corresponding legal provisions need to be issued during communication. In addition, it can also threaten merchants to complain to the Food and Drug Administration.

Usual wolf tactics claim

Malicious entanglement routine is full

In recent years, professional counterfeiters have entered the public eye and rapidly developed into a huge group. Nowadays, with the rise of online shopping, the "battlefield" of professional counterfeiters has also expanded from offline stores to online stores.

The "Legal Daily" reporter noticed through several days’ observation that this kind of anti-counterfeiting group is huge and very active. High-level QQ group will also teach the tutorial of making appraisal books, such as "beyond the scope of business, heavy metal pollution, false propaganda, illegal addition" and so on. In view of the anti-counterfeiting of cosmetics stores, the group will also teach to make allergy certificates, so as to touch some shops that have no problems.

At the same time, the "Legal Daily" reporter also found that the group organization of professional anti-counterfeiting is relatively traditional and loose, mainly because the "predecessors" bring new people and go to the "anti-counterfeiting" online store together.

Shortly after the reporter of Legal Daily joined the group, a group administrator posted a shopping link with a high imitation of a famous brand of shoes in the group, indicating that he was going to "drive", greeting interested group members to "get on the bus" and "engage" a seller with him.

The reporter of "Legal Daily" expressed his willingness to "get on the bus" as a newcomer and asked how to operate it. The group administrator said that the "wolf tactics" were used, that is, several people placed orders at the same time, and each person only placed a small order, and then demanded a claim together to threaten to report. Generally, sellers will give money to eliminate disasters, or accept refunds without returning them, thus achieving the purpose of "eating goods". At the same time, the group administrator told the Legal Daily reporter that if he succeeded, he should remember to give him a "ticket" and generously said that he could "get the ticket first", that is, "eat" the goods or get compensation and then give him the corresponding money.

After diving in the QQ group for one night, the reporter of Legal Daily found that people often "drive" in the group. Usually, the routine is for an old hand to post a link in the group that may be fake or unqualified goods, and call on everyone to "get on the bus" to fight counterfeiting together. Many people sign up for each time. The successful person will share the process and experience of fighting counterfeiting in the group, post a chat record with the seller, and "sun" the amount of compensation requested.

According to the introduction of "predecessors", shops such as mobile phones are also easily targeted by professional counterfeiters, mainly checking business licenses, product number, 3C certification and so on. If not, it will be blackmailed. In addition, some well-trained professional anti-counterfeiting teams are also very particular when searching for "prey". Those small shops that apparently sell fake and shoddy products are not within their target range, because once the claim is too high, the boss is likely to close the store directly, and the counterfeiters may lose money for the goods, which is not worth the candle.

Therefore, they mainly focus on those products with higher unit price, such as electronics and furniture. They will choose their explosive products from online stores with better sales volume, and then from industrial and commercial reporting to sending lawyers’ letters to court prosecution, there is a set of assembly line operation process with high success rate and good income every time.

The "Legal Daily" reporter learned that some professional counterfeiters have become alienated and even made fakes in the name of counterfeiting. For example, there are so-called counterfeiters who erase the production date of goods with cotton cloth dipped in special medicine, or put hair into bread with needles to claim compensation from merchants.

Faced with the malicious entanglement of some counterfeiters, can businesses lose money and get things done?

Mr. Zhu is engaged in legal work in an e-commerce enterprise. He has handled a lot of cases about professional counterfeiters. Mr. Zhu told the "Legal Daily" reporter that there are two kinds of routine "routines" for professional counterfeiters: one is to repeatedly purchase claims and share business information, but not to report businesses; The second is to enlarge the limited defects of goods, to report complaints and blackmail, and to achieve the purpose of taking money. Finally, the fake goods in the market are still allowed, or the flaws of the merchants continue to exist. Professional counterfeiters can’t really maintain the order of market operation, and businesses are also facing the possibility of being found by counterfeiters again.

Many people in the industry interviewed believe that most professional counterfeiters are for profit and cannot be regarded as real consumers. Their role in cracking down on counterfeiting and safeguarding public interests is very limited. Moreover, professional claims occupy a lot of administrative and judicial resources, which has a negative impact on normal market supervision.

Control Jetway X95 and easily switch driving modes.

Jetway X95 is equipped with two driving modes: ECO and SPORT, which provides drivers with a convenient and personalized experience. The default setting is ECO energy-saving mode, which is located above the air conditioning control panel and can be reached at one touch.

Smart choice in energy-saving mode

In daily driving, ECO mode will keep the vehicle speed within 90km/h, and strive to keep it below 1500 rpm as much as possible in low-speed driving. When a little acceleration is needed, the rotational speed will be moderately increased to about 3000 rpm, and then it will naturally fall back, which will help improve fuel economy and reduce the fuel consumption burden.

The power brought by sports mode has surged.

After switching to SPORT sports mode, Jetway X95 shows completely different characteristics. The rotation speed is always kept at 2000 rpm, and it can respond to the driver’s instructions quickly whether it is cruising or emergency acceleration. The throttle responds sensitively, and the rotation speed will soar to 3500-4000 rpm, which will give the driver a stronger sense of acceleration and make the vehicle more dynamic when driving at high speed.

Whether it is the comfort of energy-saving mode or the passion of sports mode, Jetway X95 aims to meet different driving needs and make every trip full of fun and efficiency. Choose the mode that suits you and experience the driving pleasure brought by Jetway X95!

Tianjin Port Bonded Area Bangyu International Commitment 1. All the models sold by the company are directly connected from abroad, and the primary sources are strictly tested by the customs and put on the market, and all the models can be registered and settled in the country. The company has complete procedures (customs clearance, commodity inspection, conformity certificate, environmental protection list, purchase tax application form and electronic information form) for selling all models and enjoys the three guarantees policy 3. Free shuttle bus for customers from other places. Our company will handle the temporary national networking pass for you. 4。 The company provides follow-up services such as insurance, installment, licensing, modification, car delivery, etc. Please contact the dealer at the bottom of the article] Liu Jingli: 17694965222 "With WeChat"

The appearance of the 24 Land Rover Range Rover Executive Edition is simple and straight, and the overall shape is tough and atmospheric, which is in line with the identity of its large SUV. The front face of Land Rover Range Rover looks more square and tough, and the three-banner front air intake grille, newly designed headlights and bumpers make the brand new more powerful. Land Rover Range Rover Executive Edition is simple, angular and domineering. The rectangular honeycomb grille is a Range Rover and looks very noble.

24 Euro gasoline models
Color: Black/Pomegranate Red
Configuration: 22-wheel double blade wheel, head-up display, 1680W advanced audio, 11.4-inch rear entertainment, streaming media rearview mirror, SV black piano paint mahogany steering wheel, black piano paint panel, semi-aniline red handmade leather ceiling, semi-aniline leather seat, SV signature digital headlights, SV custom carpet,

Liu Jingli: 17694965222 "With WeChat"

The brand-new 24 Land Rover Range Rover Executive HSE is equipped with a 3.0T V6 supercharged machine and an 8-speed automatic manual transmission. Among them, the 3.0T V6 supercharged mobilization machine has a maximum power of 250kW(380ps) and a maximum torque of 450 nm (3500-5000 rpm). The reversal of the Land Rover Range Rover Executive Edition group will undoubtedly be more attractive to young consumers. Claiming the wildness of Haopai. The chic quality seeps into the depths of your heart, and there is a feeling that you can’t give up on it. In addition, the maximum crossing depth of the new Range Rover has also improved by 200mm, reaching 900mm, which has been further promoted through the process.

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The appearance of 24 Land Rover Range Rover Range Rover is still the familiar family design of Land Rover, among which the banner mesh air intake grille is very eye-catching, with the square LED headlight group, strong and powerful bottom surround and other elements, the overall visual effect is very domineering. The straight lines on the side and the square shape of the tail once again convey the attribute of stability.

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The panoramic skylight equipped by Land Rover Range Rover Executive also gives consumers a more free driving experience. Land Rover Range Rover Executive Edition introduced the "dual-screen" touch screen technology for the first time. While passengers watch DVD movies, drivers can watch navigation instructions, all on the same screen. The steering wheel is relatively light, which makes driving easier, even if it is in the same direction. The new Range Rover Executive 3.0T matches a new generation of all-terrain off-road four-wheel drive system, and with the cooperation of the transfer box, the off-road performance is more powerful.

Tianjin Bangyu Automobile International Trading Co., Ltd. is a company that sells luxury car brands such as Mercedes-Benz, BMW, Porsche, Land Rover, Audi, BENTLEY, Maserati, TOYOTA, Lexus and other high-end cars. Tips: Don’t believe that low price and reliable price are more important!

Company name: Tianjin Bangyu International Trading Co., Ltd.

Tel: Liu Jingli 17694965222 "With WeChat"

Address: No.288 Jingmen Avenue, Bonded Zone, Binhai New Area, Tianjin.