How to achieve zero energy consumption and zero carbon？ Exploring the first ＂double zero＂ building in China
Original title: How to achieve zero energy consumption and zero carbon? The reporter walked into the planning exhibition hall of the sub-center to explore the first "double zero" building in China.
At the intersection of the five rivers in the city sub-center, the planning exhibition hall of the sub-center, the first "double zero" building with steel structure and full curtain wall system in China, is in full swing.
"Double zero" means zero energy consumption and zero carbon. The building area of the museum is 7583.78 square meters, with an annual energy consumption of 315,000 kWh, an annual power generation of 900,000 kWh, and a comprehensive energy-saving rate of 100%. The annual carbon emission is about 370.73 tons, and the annual total carbon reduction is 724 tons (about equal to the annual carbon sequestration of 1811 mu of forest), and the whole building is "carbon neutral". So, what kind of technology ensures the realization of the "double zero" goal?
There is a "super charging treasure" on the roof.
The sloping roof of the planning exhibition hall is not paved with traditional pottery tiles, but with photovoltaic tiles with a frosted dark brown texture like ancient bronzes, while the flat roof is provided with grid-like brown glass-based photovoltaic panels. Photovoltaic building integration is the first key word to realize "double zero" building.
"Photovoltaic tiles are not only easy to install, but also can be used for heat preservation, heat insulation and power generation. At the same time, they have good low-temperature impact resistance and excellent corrosion resistance." Xu Youyue, project manager of plot 160 of the Urban Sub-center of China Construction First Bureau, introduced that about 6,000 square meters of photovoltaic equipment have been laid in the 160 plots where the exhibition hall is located, and the annual power generation can reach 150 kWh/square meter. Photovoltaic power generation technology is like a "super charging treasure", which continuously converts solar energy into electric energy. The electric energy generated by photovoltaic tiles adopts the mode of "spontaneous self-use+surplus electricity online", thus achieving the goal of "zero-carbon exhibition hall and low-carbon office area" as a whole. At present, photovoltaic roofs have concentrated on welding and hanging tiles.
At the same time of external "charging", high-performance thermal insulation materials and high-performance green waterproof gas barrier with air tightness of 8 and water tightness of 6 put a "collar" on the planned exhibition hall, making the exhibition hall "frozen in winter and not hot in summer". "The thickness of the external wall insulation material is generally 100 mm to 130 mm, and we have made the thickness of the rock wool board of the exhibition hall 210 mm, which has better thermal insulation effect and can reduce the annual energy consumption of the exhibition hall from 613,800 kWh to 315,000 kWh. Compared with the annual energy consumption of the benchmark building of 670,000 kWh, the energy saving rate of the building itself is 53%." Tang Jinqi, production manager, said that under the joint action of photovoltaic "super charging treasure" and "collar", the comprehensive energy-saving rate of the exhibition hall reached 100%, filling a gap in the domestic zero-energy building system.
"Building blocks" type building is green and environmentally friendly.
In the construction site of the planned exhibition hall, the assembled curtain wall glass and stone are piled up orderly on the green dust-proof net on the ground, and the construction site is clean and tidy. There are no sparks of material cutting and piles of construction waste, which is completely different from the traditional impression of the construction site. Xu Youyue said: "The exhibition hall adopts assembled building technology, which effectively reduces the waste of materials and garbage on site."
Assembled building technology is the second key word to realize "double zero" building.
The prefabricated building technology is modular and customized cutting in the factory in advance, and then transported to the construction site for "building blocks" combined installation. The technology is simple, green and environmentally friendly, but the error of prefabricated components and the precision of on-site construction are very high. "The construction error of cast-in-place concrete structures is often measured in centimeters, and our prefabricated building technology has improved the precision control from millimeter level to meter level."
"Double Zero" construction technology can be copied.
"Smart brain" is the third key word to realize "double zero" architecture. The innovation of the sub-center planning exhibition hall project adopts a series of hard-core intelligent technologies such as big data and cloud computing, which empowers the building with intelligence and creates a "super brain" of intelligent construction, ensuring the "double zero" operation of the museum in the whole life cycle of design, construction, maintenance and operation.
"In order to efficiently manage workflow and data storage, we independently developed and applied a fine chemical engineering information management system based on blockchain, and achieved a’ zero’ breakthrough in’ building+blockchain’." Xu Youyue introduced that in the blockchain management system, all data and project files collected and uploaded through intelligent devices such as the Internet of Things, 3d scanner and lofting robots have their own "ID cards", which cannot be tampered with once stored, ensuring the safety, truthfulness and reliability of project data; The expert database embedded in the system can form a special solution for the project. In-building Internet of Things technology and smart energy flexible management mode can realize the intelligent linkage of temperature and humidity control and weather environment, and the intelligent linkage of building environment and humanized demand, which embodies the innovative concept of intelligent building adapting to and utilizing nature. Moreover, technicians deeply develop and continuously optimize AI intelligent algorithms, and AI gradually has the ability of "continuous learning", and the quality and efficiency of system review will continue to improve.
At present, the facade curtain wall of the project has been completed, and this "double zero" building with three floors above ground and underground has taken shape. “
Sub-center planning exhibitionThe museum shows the cultural background and characteristics of the sub-center in the form of square, elegant and simple architecture. This’ Double Zero’ exhibition hall is world-class, and shows the world a brand-new zero-carbon building form! Tang Jinqi said that with the continuous deepening of construction, the construction technology and experience of "double zero" buildings have been accumulated and have strong reproducibility, which can provide more possibilities for "double zero" construction projects to blossom everywhere in the country. (Yan Yazhen)