夜无忧论坛

Last year, the algae in Taihu Lake reached the best level since 2007-
Sing the "Taihu Beauty" of Harmonious Symbiosis between People and Water in the New Era

On February 27th, the reporter learned from the new round of news conference on the effectiveness of comprehensive management of Taihu Lake held by the provincial government that in 2023, the water quality and algae situation in Taihu Lake reached the best level since 2007, and it has been safe for 16 consecutive years.

New improvements have been made in water quality.

The provincial party committee and the provincial government regard Taihu Lake governance as a landmark project of ecological civilization construction in Jiangsu, resolutely shoulder the political responsibility of Taihu Lake governance and promote the continuous improvement of water quality in Taihu Lake basin. Last year, our province issued the "Action Plan for Promoting a New Round of Comprehensive Management of Taihu Lake", which detailed and decomposed 100 specific tasks to carry out the work of managing Taihu Lake with greater efforts and higher standards. In 2001, 488 Pacific governance projects were implemented, with an annual investment of 23.8 billion yuan, an increase of about 5 billion yuan over previous years. The provincial finance allocates 2 billion yuan as special guiding funds every year, and issues a total of 34 billion yuan to support about 8,000 projects.

According to the national assessment data, in 2023, the permanganate index and ammonia nitrogen in Taihu Lake remained stable at Class II and Class I, with total phosphorus of 0.052mg/L and total nitrogen of 1.09mg/L, down by 17.5% and 9.9% respectively.

What do these numbers mean? "There are nitrogen and phosphorus indicators in lake eutrophication, in which total phosphorus is the main binding indicator. According to the national standard, the total phosphorus is 0.05mg/L for a good lake. Last year, the total phosphorus in Taihu Lake was 0.052mg/L, which historically approached and returned to a good lake, and relevant indicators should be continuously observed. " Jiang Wei, director of the Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment, explained that last year, the water quality in the eastern lake area of Taihu Lake remained stable at Class III, and the water quality in the central lake area reached Class III for the first time, and the water quality in the western lake area improved greatly. In the first half of the year, the water quality of Taihu Lake reached the good lake standard for the first time, and it can be seen that the water quality of Taihu Lake changed from quantitative to qualitative, but it still takes a long time to achieve fundamental improvement.

Last year, 53 cyanobacteria blooms were found in Taihu Lake, a decrease of 51 times compared with the same period of last year. The average area, maximum area and algae density decreased by 45.7%, 50.8% and 30.3% respectively, and the summer was safe for 16 consecutive years. The proportion of excellent grade III in 206 key sections of the basin was 96.6%, among which the water quality of all river sections reached Grade III and above, and the flux of total phosphorus and total nitrogen into the lake decreased by 2.9% and 25.5% year-on-year. The water quality of 19 lakes and reservoirs in the basin has been continuously improved, and the water quality of Changdang Lake has been upgraded by one grade to reach Class IV.

"Not only physical and chemical indicators, but also biological effects should be observed to further judge the stability and sustainability of Taihu Lake ecosystem." Jiang Wei said that the aquatic biodiversity index of Taihu Lake Basin reached 3.08 last year, which was upgraded from "good" to "excellent". The aquatic vegetation area of the lake reached 200 square kilometers, up 25.8% year-on-year. There are 382 species of birds in the basin, and the national key protected species such as white crane, white-headed crane, black-faced spoonbill and yellow-billed egret have been discovered in recent years.

Continue to strengthen source control and pollution reduction

The problem is in the water, and the root is on the shore. The prominent contradiction of Taihu Lake governance is that the total amount of sewage discharged in the basin exceeds the environmental capacity that Taihu Lake can bear, and controlling sources and reducing pollution is the key measure.

"In 2023, the Taihu Lake Basin added 491,000 tons/day of urban sewage treatment capacity, rebuilt 493 kilometers of urban sewage pipe network, with a total treatment capacity of 9.44 million tons/day, and built a total of 32,000 kilometers of sewage pipe network, handling 2.72 billion tons of sewage throughout the year. We will continue to promote the classified collection and disposal of domestic waste, adding more than 1,600 waste sorting communities and 850 tons/day of kitchen waste treatment capacity. " Chen Haodong, deputy director of the Provincial Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, said that it will speed up the construction of township sewage pipe network, eliminate the direct discharge of domestic sewage in towns and blank areas of pipe network, and comprehensively improve the urban sewage collection and treatment capacity. This year, it is planned to increase the urban sewage treatment capacity by 400,000 tons/day, and build and renovate the sewage pipe network by 300 kilometers.

Taihu Lake area has been a famous land of fish and rice since ancient times. Our province has implemented the most stringent effluent discharge standard for pond culture in the first and second protected areas of Taihu Lake, and the standardized transformation of aquaculture ponds above 460,000 mu in the basin has been basically completed. At present, the treatment rate of rural domestic sewage in Taihu Lake Basin has increased to 83.8%, which is about 43 percentage points higher than the national average. "In 2023, the five cities in Taihu Lake controlled a total reduction of 412,000 mu of direct seeding rice, and the mechanized returning area of rice and wheat straw in the three cities along the lake was 3.739 million mu, and the returning rate was over 83.3%. The comprehensive utilization rate of crop straw and livestock manure in Taihu Lake Basin reached more than 95%." Sun Xiang, deputy director of the Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that this year, we will explore the construction of a monitoring and evaluation system for agricultural green development, increase the pilot project of "two systems" of fertilizers and drugs and ecological transformation of irrigation and drainage systems, and promote the full coverage of key counties of straw comprehensive utilization projects in the upper reaches of Taihu Lake and the full coverage of rice machine transplanting in the first and second protected areas, further improving the level of agricultural green development in Taihu Lake.

"In 2023, the gathering area of cyanobacteria was the least since 2007, and there was no flooding in the whole year for the first time." Yu Junjie, deputy director of the Provincial Water Resources Department, said that a system of "blocking, guiding, controlling and fishing" has been gradually established along the lake. Since 2007, a total of 22.7 million tons of cyanobacteria have been salvaged, of which 740,000 tons were salvaged in 2023. The cyanobacteria salvaged ashore were disposed of by making organic fertilizer, burning and generating electricity, etc., to avoid secondary pollution. "Water, land, air and sky" water quality monitoring and monitoring network has been continuously improved, equipped with 437 water quality automatic stations, 2 ships, 14 boats and 1 observation station, covering more than 60 indicators of automatic monitoring capabilities, which can monitor algae every 30 minutes. In order to further reduce the source pollution in the lake and improve the lake habitat, the new round of ecological dredging project in Taihu Lake has completed 6 million cubic meters of dredging, and it is planned to dredge 6.35 million cubic meters this year.

The background color of river basin development is greener

Governance has forced transformation and upgrading, bringing opportunities for green development. Taoge area of Taihu Lake involves Wujin and Jintan, Changzhou, which is an important catchment area in the upper reaches of Taihu Lake and a necessary area for ecological water replenishment of major rivers entering the lake. In 2022, our province issued the Pilot Implementation Plan for Comprehensive Management and Sustainable Development of Water Environment in Taoge Area of Jiangsu Province (2022-2024).

"The pilot has scheduled 51 major projects in nine aspects, including industrial restructuring and industrial pollution control, urban and rural sewage treatment and garbage disposal, and comprehensive improvement of river networks, with a planned total investment of 18.4 billion yuan. By the end of 2023, 46 projects have been started, with a cumulative investment of about 10 billion yuan." Zhou Jingang, the second-level inspector of the Provincial Development and Reform Commission, said that Changzhou has also vigorously developed strategic emerging industries, continued to promote the high-quality development of new energy industries, and formed an ecological closed loop of "generating, storing and delivering". The new output value of new energy vehicle manufacturing, power batteries and photovoltaic industries contributed more than 90% to the growth of industrial output value, and industrial agglomeration ranked fourth in the country.

At present, there are 462 new "little giant" enterprises in Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou, accounting for nearly 60% of the province’s total. 166 national green factories, 16 green industrial parks and 498 provincial green factories were established. While promoting the continuous transformation and upgrading of the industry, our province has intensified the rectification of phosphorus-related enterprises, and continued to deepen the rectification of phosphorus-related enterprises in the basin in accordance with the principle of "standardizing and upgrading a batch, entering a batch of parks, shutting down and eliminating a batch", and comprehensively establishing a "phosphorus account book" and a "phosphorus list". By the end of 2023, 8,987 enterprises had completed the "one enterprise, one policy" remediation plan, and 6,970 enterprises had completed standardized remediation.

Taihu Lake Basin, with a land area of 0.4%, has created 10% of the national economic aggregate. Last August, the Land Spatial Planning of Jiangsu Province (2021-2035) was officially approved by the State Council. "The plan identified the’ Taihu Hill Ecological Green Center’ as one of the two ecological green centers supporting Jiangsu’s sustainable development. We guide the relevant cities and counties in Taihu Lake Basin to complete the overall planning of land space, strictly protect agriculture and ecological space, and promote the compact layout and intensive and efficient use of land space. " Sun Weidong, deputy director of the Provincial Department of Natural Resources, said that our province strictly controlled the use of land and space, standardized the review of projects involving the occupation of ecological space, and coordinated the ecological protection and restoration, and completed the ecological restoration of about 15,000 mu of abandoned mines left over from history in the water conservation area of Taihu Lake Basin. We will speed up the implementation of five national pilot projects and two provincial demonstration projects for the comprehensive improvement of land and space in the Taihu Lake Basin, and have completed the improvement of 20,000 mu of agricultural land, 0.7 million mu of construction land and 0.5 million mu of ecological protection and restoration. (Reporter Wang Jing)

Each city has its own main cuisine. Speaking of traditional Shaoxing cuisine, I believe that the first reaction in most local people’s minds is stinky tofu, moldy vegetable stalks, braised pork with dried plums and other dishes. For Lihai Street in Yuecheng District, the unique geographical location and natural conditions provide rich seafood ingredients for the local area because the sea head is located at the mouth of Qiantang River. Because this kind of local small sea is tender, delicious and affordable, it has gradually attracted diners from Xiaoshan, Hangzhou, Jiaxing and even Shanghai to come to Lihai to buy and try early, and gradually formed an industry featuring little seafood’s wholesale, retail and catering, which is well-known both inside and outside the city.

Jubilant vendors in Lihai comprehensive market. Correspondent Feng Yanni photo

A morning market gathers customers from all directions.

"Today’s Xiaomei fish has a good head, and the steamed taste is very delicious." Walking from Haidong Road to Lihai Comprehensive Market, the enthusiastic stall owner sipped all kinds of seafood from the booth to reporters. Walking in front of the lined seafood stalls, there are all kinds of aquatic products such as Xiaomei fish, white jade crab, swordfish, horizontal crab and mud clam. In addition to fresh food, pickled products such as mackerel, dried fish and dried shrimp marinated with distiller’s grains are also readily available.

"Customers are here, and all they buy are little seafood caught by fishermen on the same day to ensure freshness." Gao Baijiang, the person in charge of Lihai Comprehensive Market, told the reporter that with the gradual recognition of Lihai little seafood by diners, from 7: 00 a.m. every day, the market was crowded with people who came from Shangyu and Yuecheng City to buy food early, and most of them came specially for little seafood. "Especially on weekends, some popular seafood varieties even have to be booked in advance to buy them." Gao Baijiang said.

There are nearly 140 stalls in Lihai Comprehensive Market, but there are only 17 stalls for aquatic products and seafood, because they have high requirements on electricity consumption, drainage and cleaning. In 2020, the market underwent a major renovation, upgrading facilities and equipment such as electricity and sewage, providing a better business environment for merchants and giving customers a good experience when shopping in the market.

The owners of aquatic products and seafood stalls No.5-15 are He Xinjuan and his wife. Her husband is in charge of fishing and her wife sells them in the market. "Whether you can go fishing and catch more or less is closely related to the tide and the weather." He Xinjuan told reporters that if the weather is bad and they can’t go out to sea, they won’t come to the booth for sales that day. "In business, especially seafood products, quality is the top priority." In He Xinjuan’s view, the popularity of Lihai little seafood is largely due to its characteristics: it grows in salty and light waters, and the change of salinity improves the composition of fatty acids in aquatic products and makes them more delicious.

Yidao seafood diners smell fresh and come

When they first arrive in Lihai, many people will choose to go for a walk in Lihai Old Street, in addition to catching crabs in Haitu. In ancient times, seawalls were rich in beaches, and "the tide retreats and people advance, and the tide retreats" summarized the life of fishermen in Lihai from generation to generation. Nowadays, after continuous construction and transformation, this street with a long history and culture is transforming into new beauty, which makes little seafood, the most local flavor, continue to be popular.

Wang Zengqi has such a statement in The Doctor of Fishing: The fish cooked out of the water is delicious, which is called "fresh from the water". In Lihai, the main thing to eat little seafood is "fresh water". The fish is tight, the crab is fresh and sweet, and the clams are sand-free. With the help of strong fire and simple and homely ingredients, the freshness of the ingredients is preserved to the greatest extent, which attracts the diners’ forefinger to move, and the crack of cold beer or various drinks during the dinner constitutes the "wonderful seafood" of this Lihai. During holidays, in a restaurant featuring little seafood on Haidong Road, many Shanghai and Hangzhou gourmets drove for an hour or two to punch in.

Abo Seafood Restaurant is located on Yu Haidong Road. As soon as customers enter the door, they will choose their own little seafood and cooking method through what you see is what you get. "little seafood is directly transferred to the kitchen for production after weighing, and the fresh experience from the sea to the tip of the tongue can be felt in less than 12 hours." Zhao Qin, the 42-year-old director of Abo Seafood, introduced.

Zhao Qin, a native of Lihai, has been running a seafood restaurant with her husband for nearly 20 years. "The main store is Lihai little seafood, and the dishes are affordable, which can ensure that diners can eat fresh and delicious little seafood." Zhao Qin said that in little seafood, the restaurant has special local fishermen to deliver goods every morning, and the restaurant will select the fish received to ensure the quality.

"Watching kites and eating seafood, today’s parent-child time should give full marks." At noon on April 21, with all the dishes served, Shen Yiping, who was eating at Suntory Restaurant, took out his mobile phone to take photos and sent a circle of friends in Jiugongge. "I took a break today, just to take my children out for a walk." Shen Yiping told reporters that his family lived in Tashan Street, Yuecheng District, and it was the first time to come to Lihai that day. At the kite festival, local people recommended this restaurant to them, and they chose to eat here. The reporter at Suntory Restaurant saw that although the day was a working day, there were still many diners dining, and the business was quite good.

An opportunity to undertake the Bay Area dividend

Walking on the streets of Lihai, you can still see some special place names, such as Qiliuqiu, Qiyiqiu, Qiqiqiu, etc., which were the historical imprint of the "Great Wai Tu" in that year. However, the former beaches have already become fertile soil. Lihai, a small town at the mouth of Qiantang River, has become a provincial-level economic town. "The Greater Bay Area era has given Lihai a new opportunity to leapfrog development." The relevant person in charge of Lihai Street said.

In 2019, Shaoxing Binhai New Area, one of the four strategic platforms at the provincial level, settled in Binhai, undertaking the historical mission of connecting with Greater Bay Area and serving big industries. Lihai, located in the "hub of the Bay Area", has also stepped onto the stage center of urban development.

With the gathering of more and more new industrial enterprises, the population increases. To some extent, this has promoted the development of the local catering industry, mainly in Lihai and little seafood. "There are more customers coming to eat, and there are higher requirements for the capacity, service and dishes of the restaurant." Chen Fei, the person in charge of Lihai Jiulonghai private cuisine, one of the provincial-level "Hundred Counties and Thousand Bowls" experience stores in Zhejiang Province, told the reporter that taking his own store as an example, repeat customers accounted for a large part, and many of them came to eat once and then brought their family and friends to eat again.

A blueprint for making large and small seafood

Little seafood is a traditional characteristic industry in Lihai Street. It is an important content of the construction and development of Lihai City to create a special catering culture in little seafood and enrich the business service industry in Lihai. On September 2, 2022, Lihai Street issued the Implementation Plan for the Construction of little seafood Street in Lihai, aiming at creating a strong cultural atmosphere with the theme of little seafood in Lihai through various measures and comprehensive policies.

After preliminary investigation, the street will be rebuilt and upgraded from the following aspects: defining the support policies for staying merchants, improving the supporting construction of public transportation, and standardizing the management of mobile vendors. "The street will further enhance the popularity of little seafood in Lihai, and strive to make little seafood Street in Haidong Road a model of’ eating, living, traveling and playing in Lihai’ and a key link in the construction of scenic spots and modern and beautiful towns in Lihai Street." Zhou Ganbin, deputy secretary of the Party Working Committee of Lihai Street and director of the office, said.

At the same time, the street will also open up a green channel for government services, provide smooth channels for little seafood characteristic catering enterprises in license handling, government consultation, personnel recruitment and other aspects, provide relevant policy consulting services, and optimize the cash flow of support policies. On the basis of strict control, support funds will be cashed quickly.

At present, facing the vast ocean, Lihai is striving to expand the open space and lead the industrial transformation and upgrading and the high-quality development of the city. As a traditional industry with a long history, Lihai little seafood is striving to build its brand and become a bigger industry.

　　　　　　　 CCTV News:The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council recently issued the Outline of Healthy China 2030. What will happen to China’s health index by 2030? What impact will these changes have on public life? Let’s take a look.

　　　　　　　 1. prolong life and reduce death

　　　　　　　 In 2020, the average life expectancy will reach 77.3 years, and in 2030 it will reach 79 years.

　　　　　　　 The infant mortality rate, the mortality rate of children under 5 years old and the maternal mortality rate have respectively decreased from the current 8.1‰ 、10.7‰ And 20.1/100,000, down to 5.0&permil in 2030; 、6.0‰ And 12/100,000.

　　　　　　　 2. Eat nutritionally and exercise is guaranteed.

　　　　　　　 Formulate and implement the national nutrition plan, carry out evaluation and research on food nutrition function, and establish and improve the nutrition monitoring system for residents.

　　　　　　　 By 2030, the smoking rate of people over 15 years old will drop to 20%. The number of people who regularly participate in physical exercise has increased from 360 million in 2014 to 530 million.

　　　　　　　 By 2030, a three-level network of public sports facilities in counties and villages will be basically built, with a per capita sports area of not less than 2.3 square meters, and a 15-minute fitness circle will be fully covered in urban communities.

　　　　　　　 Ensure that students have no less than one hour of physical activity in school every day. By 2030, the standard rate of school sports facilities and equipment will reach 100%.

　　　　　　　 3. Health education has increased, and it is no longer fooled by health care "brick home"

　　　　　　　 Establish a core information release system for health knowledge and skills, and improve the monitoring system for health literacy and lifestyle covering the whole country. Incorporate health education into the national education system and take health education as an important part of quality education at all stages of education. In 2030, the health literacy level of residents will be raised to 30%.

　　　　　　　 Liu Yuanli, Dean of School of Public Health, Peking Union Medical College, China Academy of Medical Sciences:

　　　　　　　 At present, there is a gap between the average life expectancy and healthy life expectancy in China, and chronic diseases show a "blowout" trend. One in ten adults in China suffers from diabetes, one in four suffers from hypertension, and many people live with diseases and their quality of life is not high. If we only equate the pursuit of health with medical treatment and do not strengthen prevention, it will be difficult to cope with the severe health situation. Starting with healthy living, the planning outline helps people master scientific health knowledge and skills and develop good living habits, which is the most direct and proactive response to the disease challenge.

　　　　　　　 4. Increase in medical staff

　　　　　　　 By 2030, the health service capacity will be greatly improved, and a high-quality and efficient integrated medical and health service system will be fully established. The number of practicing (assistant) doctors per thousand permanent residents reached 3.0 and the number of registered nurses reached 4.7.

　　　　　　　 5. Improve the order of medical treatment

　　　　　　　 We will improve the medical and health service system, so that everyone in the province can enjoy homogeneous diagnosis and treatment of critical and difficult diseases and specialized medical services.

　　　　　　　 Establish a mature and perfect grading diagnosis and treatment system in an all-round way, and form a reasonable medical order of primary diagnosis, two-way referral, up-and-down linkage and rapid and slow division.

　　　　　　　 Li Bin, Director of the National Health Planning Commission:

　　　　　　　 China has established a medical security network covering 96.5% of the country through medical insurance for employees, new rural cooperative medical insurance and medical insurance for urban residents. On this basis, the medical security system has been gradually improved through serious illness insurance, commercial insurance and charity assistance, which has changed the situation of "minor illness, serious illness, etc." in the past. Although the coverage rate of medical insurance is over 95%, the overall level of medical insurance in China is still not high, and medical insurance should become an economical medical insurance.

　　　　　　　 6. Medical insurance is mature and stereotyped

　　　　　　　 By 2030, the universal health insurance system will be mature and stereotyped.

　　　　　　　 With the further development of modern commercial health insurance service industry, the proportion of commercial health insurance payment expenditure to total health expenditure has increased significantly.

　　　　　　　 Meng Qingyue, Dean of Peking University College of Public Health:

　　　　　　　 Without a sound medical and health service system, the role of medical and health investment and medical security system will be difficult to play, and it will be difficult for the people to benefit from health and healthy development. To improve the capacity of medical and health service system, we need to put people first, improve functions, strengthen cooperation and linkage, and promote the integration of medical and health service system.

　　　　　　　 7. The sky is bluer and the water is clearer

　　　　　　　 The ratio of days with good air quality in cities at prefecture level and above will exceed 80% in 2020 and will continue to improve by 2030.

　　　　　　　 The proportion of surface water quality reaching or better than Class III water bodies will exceed 70% in 2020 and will continue to improve by 2030.

　　　　　　　 By 2030, the food safety risk monitoring and food-borne disease reporting network will achieve full coverage.

　　　　　　　 8. Sewage discharge should be certified and agricultural production should be clean.

　　　　　　　 We will fully implement the management of industrial pollution source discharge permit, promote enterprises to carry out self-monitoring and information disclosure, establish a discharge ledger, and realize the discharge of pollutants with certificates.

　　　　　　　 Accelerate the elimination of processes, equipment and products with high pollution and high environmental risks.

　　　　　　　 Carry out special pollution control in industrial clusters.

　　　　　　　 Focus on steel, cement, petrochemical and other industries, and promote the transformation of industrial emission standards.

　　　　　　　 We will fully implement standardized and clean agricultural production, carry out in-depth risk assessment of agricultural products quality and safety, promote comprehensive management of agricultural and veterinary drug residues and heavy metal pollution, and implement action to control veterinary drugs and antibiotics.

　　　　　　　 Strengthen the guidance and supervision of food origin and improve the market access system for agricultural products.

　　　　　　　 Rao Keqin, Vice President and Secretary General of Chinese Medical Association:

　　　　　　　 At present, China is facing many contradictions and problems such as economic transformation and "multiple disease burdens", aging population and structural changes, ecological destruction and environmental pollution, and environmental sanitation needs to be improved, which requires us to change the mode of economic development and implement the strategic choice of interaction between green development and healthy environment. It is necessary to organically unify the construction of beautiful China and healthy China, mobilize the whole society to jointly create a healthy environment, and take human health as the center from urban planning, construction to management, so as to ensure the healthy life and work of residents and organically combine healthy people, healthy environment and healthy society. (This article Source: Xinhua Viewpoint WeChat WeChat official account)

The State Council Press Office held a press conference at 10: 00 a.m. on Friday, January 13th, 2017 in the press room of the State Council Information Office, and invited Huang Songping, spokesman of the General Administration of Customs, to introduce the import and export situation in 2016 and take questions from reporters.

Press conference on the import and export of the State Council in 2016
China wangzongchao

[Moderator Hu Kaihong]Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to the press conference of the State Council Information Office. Today, we have invited Mr. Huang Songping, spokesman of the General Administration of Customs. Ask him to introduce the import and export situation in 2016 and answer your questions. Let’s ask Director Huang to introduce the situation first.

Huang Songping, spokesman of the General Administration of Customs, China Net Zongchao

[Huang Songping, spokesman of the General Administration of Customs]Ladies and gentlemen, Happy New Year 2017. Welcome to today’s press conference. It’s a pleasure to meet you again, to brief you on China’s foreign trade import and export in 2016, and then answer your questions. In 2016, the world economy recovered difficultly, and the domestic economy improved steadily. According to customs statistics, in 2016, the total import and export value of goods in China was 24.33 trillion yuan, down 0.9% from 2015. Among them, exports were 13.84 trillion yuan, down 2%; Imports reached 10.49 trillion yuan, up by 0.6%; The trade surplus was 3.35 trillion yuan, narrowing by 9.1%.

The specific situation mainly includes the following aspects:

I. Imports and exports stabilized quarter by quarter, and both achieved positive growth in the fourth quarter. In 2016, China’s import and export showed a trend of low before and high after, and stabilized and improved quarter by quarter. Among them, in the first quarter, China’s import and export, export and import value decreased by 8.2%, 7.9% and 8.6% respectively; In the second quarter, the value of import and export, export and import decreased by 1.1%, 0.8% and 1.5% respectively; In the third quarter, the import and export value increased by 0.8% and 2.3% respectively, while the export value decreased by 0.3%; In the fourth quarter, the value of import and export, export and import increased by 3.8%, 0.3% and 8.7% respectively.

Second, the import and export of general trade increased and its proportion increased. In 2016, China’s general trade import and export was 13.39 trillion yuan, up 0.9%, accounting for 55% of China’s total import and export value, up 1 percentage point from 2015, and the trade pattern structure was optimized.

Third, export growth to some countries along the Belt and Road. In 2016, China’s exports to Pakistan, Russia, Poland, Bangladesh and India increased by 11%, 14.1%, 11.8%, 9% and 6.5% respectively. In the same period, China’s exports to the EU increased by 1.2%, to the United States increased slightly by 0.1%, and to ASEAN decreased by 2%, accounting for 46.7% of China’s total exports.

Fourth, the proportion of private enterprises’ exports continued to maintain the first place. In 2016, the import and export of private enterprises in China was 9.28 trillion yuan, an increase of 2.2%, accounting for 38.1% of China’s total foreign trade. Among them, exports were 6.35 trillion yuan, down 0.2%, accounting for 45.9% of the total export value, and continued to maintain the top position in export share; Imports increased by 8.1%.

Five, mechanical and electrical products, traditional labor-intensive products are still the main export. In 2016, the export of mechanical and electrical products in China was 7.98 trillion yuan, down by 1.9%, accounting for 57.7% of China’s total export value. Among them, the export of medical instruments and instruments increased by 6.1%, and the export of storage batteries increased by 4%. In the same period, the total export of traditional labor-intensive products was 2.88 trillion yuan, down 1.7%, accounting for 20.8% of the total export value. Among them, the export of textiles, toys and plastic products increased.

6. The import volume of bulk commodities such as iron ore, crude oil and copper maintained growth, and the prices of major imported commodities remained at a low level, but the decline narrowed. In 2016, China imported 1.024 billion tons of iron ore, an increase of 7.5%; 381 million tons of crude oil, up by 13.6%; 256 million tons of coal, up by 25.2%; 13.21 million tons of steel, an increase of 3.4%; 4.95 million tons of copper, up 2.9%; Refined oil was 27.84 million tons, down 6.5%. In the same period, China’s import prices generally fell by 2.1%. Among them, the average import price of iron ore decreased by 0.5% year-on-year, crude oil decreased by 18.6%, refined oil decreased by 10.8%, coal decreased by 0.1%, copper decreased by 6%, and steel decreased by 5.5%, which was narrower than that in the first half and the first three quarters.

In July and December, China’s foreign trade export leading index continued to rise. In the fourth quarter of 2016, China’s foreign trade export leading index rose for three consecutive months, reaching 37.4 in December, up 0.5, indicating that China’s export pressure is expected to ease in the first quarter of 2017. Among them, according to the data of online questionnaire survey, China’s export managers’ index dropped by 0.6 to 39.4 in that month; The index of new export orders rose by 0.6 to 41.9, the manager confidence index fell by 2 to 43.5, and the comprehensive cost index of enterprises fell by 1.6 to 23.9.

At present, there are still some difficulties in China’s foreign trade development, which are as follows: the import and export of foreign-invested enterprises and state-owned enterprises in China have decreased by 2.2% and 5.6% respectively; The import and export of processing trade decreased by 4.9%.

Faced with the severe and complicated international trade situation, the Customs will continue to adhere to the general tone of striving for progress while maintaining stability, resolutely implement various policies and measures to stabilize foreign trade growth, comprehensively deepen reforms around building a new open economic system, solidly promote various customs reforms to take root, and strive to promote foreign trade to stabilize and improve, so as to better serve the overall economic and social development of the country.

Next, I would like to answer your questions.

Hu Kaihong, spokesperson of the State Council Information Office, invited reporters to ask questions.
China wangzongchao

【Hu kaihong】Thank you, Director Huang. Let’s start asking questions.

【CCTV reporter】Hello, Director Huang. In 2016, the international economy was in a downturn, and the overall environment of China’s foreign trade was very severe. How do you evaluate the overall performance of China’s foreign trade in 2016? In addition, the latest customs data shows that since the fourth quarter of 2016, China’s foreign trade has obviously improved. What are the main reasons? Director Huang, please give us a detailed explanation. thank you

CCTV reporter asked questions.
China wangzongchao

【Huang Songping】Thank you for your question. In 2016, the global economy is still in a period of deep adjustment after the international financial crisis, the economic recovery is weak, the international market demand is weak, the unstable and uncertain factors facing China’s foreign trade development are obviously increasing, the downward pressure is increasing, and the overall situation is complicated and severe. With the gradual emergence of the effect of national policies and measures to promote the stabilization of foreign trade, the import and export value of China’s foreign trade decreased significantly in the first quarter, stabilized in the second quarter, and continued to achieve positive growth in the third and fourth quarters. The whole year showed a trend of low before, high after, and stable and good. This is our overall view on China’s import and export of goods in 2016.

Among them, China’s foreign trade increased slightly in the fourth quarter, and we believe that it benefited from the gradual implementation of a series of policies and measures to promote foreign trade to stabilize and improve. Since 2014, the State Council has successively issued more than 10 documents on the steady growth of foreign trade, and relevant departments have continuously improved relevant supporting measures, which have provided a good policy environment for the stable and high-quality development of China’s foreign trade. For example, in September last year, the Ministry of Commerce and the General Administration of Customs jointly issued an announcement to cancel the approval of processing trade business nationwide. In November, the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation jointly issued an announcement to increase the export tax rebate rate of important products such as electromechanical products and refined oil products to 17%. These policies and measures are very specific, highly operable and targeted, and have played a positive role in promoting the steady growth of foreign trade.

Secondly, there are signs of improvement in the external environment, and the index of new orders of export enterprises has rebounded significantly. Overall, in 2016, the world economy continued to slump and global trade shrank, but some indicators were slowly improving. For example, the manufacturing managers’ index, which reflects the degree of economic prosperity, shows that the indicators of the United States, the European Union and Japan all remained above threshold in the fourth quarter and reached a new stage in December. In emerging markets, Russian and Indian countries also remain above threshold. The Baltic dry bulk index, which reflects the activity of global trade, also rebounded from the historical low in early February 2016. On November 11th, it rose to 1045, breaking through 1000 points for the first time in 16 consecutive months. At the same time, according to our monthly online questionnaire survey data of 3000 foreign trade export enterprises, since June, the index of new orders of export enterprises has obviously rebounded. It rose to 41.9 in December, the highest level since March 2015, which confirmed that the external market did show signs of slow improvement.

Third, the domestic economy’s "slowing down, stabilizing and improving" has driven the continuous increase in bulk commodity imports. The slowdown in the decline in import prices has simultaneously promoted the increase in import value. In 2016, under the influence of supply-side structural reform and moderately expanding aggregate demand, the domestic economy maintained a reasonable range, showing a steady and progressive development trend, which led to an increase in the import volume of some bulk commodities. For example, as just reported, China’s imports of iron ore, crude oil, copper and other commodities have maintained growth. At the same time, the decline in import prices continued to narrow. In 2016, China’s import price fell by 2.1% overall, which was 3.2 percentage points lower than that in the previous three quarters. The average year-on-year decline of iron ore imports was 8.1 percentage points lower than that in the previous three quarters, crude oil was 7.3 percentage points lower, coal was 14.7 percentage points lower, and copper was 5.9 percentage points lower. Although the import price is still the main factor dragging down the growth of China’s import value, the narrowing of the decline in import prices has also helped the annual import growth rate to surface.

The above three points are the main driving factors for the slight growth of China’s foreign trade in the fourth quarter. Thank you.

[Tass news agency reporter]I would like to ask you how to evaluate the Sino-Russian economic and trade cooperation in 2016 last year, and what are your expectations for this year’s Sino-Russian economic and trade cooperation?

Tass news agency reporter asked China Net Zongchao

[Huang Songping]Thank you for your question. Let me introduce the Sino-Russian trade first. In 2016, the total value of bilateral trade between China and Russia was 459.15 billion yuan, an increase of 8.7%. Among them, exports to Russia reached 246.32 billion yuan, an increase of 14.1%. Imports from Russia reached 212.83 billion yuan, up 3.1%, and the trade surplus reached 33.49 billion yuan, up 2.5 times. In recent years, under the guidance of the heads of state of China and Russia, the comprehensive strategic partnership between China and Russia has been deepening, and the two countries have a high degree of political mutual trust, extensive economic and trade cooperation and close cultural exchanges. At present, Sino-Russian relations are in the best period in history. The two countries are comprehensively promoting the docking of the two development strategies of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the Eurasian Economic Union, and jointly promoting the construction of the "China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor". The cooperation between the two countries has entered a new stage with great potential and broader prospects.

Thank you.

[Reporter of China Radio International]What do you think of China’s foreign trade trend in 2017? Thank you.

A reporter from China Radio International asked questions.
China wangzongchao

[Huang Songping]Thank you for your question. In 2016, China’s foreign trade showed a stable and positive trend, and it was not easy to achieve such results. In 2017, the international environment is still severe and complicated, and the downward pressure on the domestic economy is still relatively large. There are still many uncertain factors affecting the development of China’s foreign trade, and the foundation for supporting the continued improvement of foreign trade is still not solid.

First, the current world economy is facing many new challenges, and the downturn is still the main theme of the world economy. The latest World Economic Outlook report of the International Monetary Fund predicts that the global economic growth rate will be 3.4% in 2017, and the latest forecast of the OECD is 3.2%. It is a consensus that the global economy will still operate at a low level. The latest trade outlook report of the World Trade Organization lowered the growth forecast of global trade in goods to 1.8%-3.1% in 2017. This is the first time that the WTO has put forward an interval forecast, which means that global trade will still be difficult to pick up in 2017 and uncertainties will increase. In such a big environment, China’s foreign trade can hardly be immune to it.

Second, China’s own reform has entered the deep water area, and the pressure of foreign trade structure transformation is great. 2017 is an important year for China to implement the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" and the deepening of supply-side structural reforms. Many structural adjustments have entered a critical period. On the one hand, with the rising comprehensive production cost, the competitive advantage of traditional foreign trade continues to weaken. On the other hand, the imbalance of regional development in China has not yet been solved. The industrial chain supporting in the central and western regions is still not perfect, the logistics cost is high, and the efforts to undertake the eastern factor cost-based industries and order transfer are not strong. The data shows that in the first 10 months of 2016, the market share of China’s labor-intensive products in the EU decreased by 1.8 percentage points compared with the same period of 2015, the share in the United States decreased by 1.2 percentage points, and the share in Japan decreased by 2.1 percentage points, while the market share of similar products in some Southeast Asian countries in Europe, America and Japan increased in the same period. In addition, at present, China is actively cultivating new advantages in foreign trade competition, and developed economies are vigorously promoting the return of manufacturing industries, which poses a challenge for China to introduce high-quality foreign capital. Higher-quality foreign trade puts forward more urgent needs for innovation and development and independent formation of new technological advantages.

Third, the process of globalization is blocked, and trade protectionism restricts China’s export expansion. According to the report released by the World Trade Organization in June 2016, from October 2015 to May 2016, the G20 economies implemented 145 new trade restrictive measures, with an average of more than 20 new measures introduced every month. The average number of new measures per month is the highest since the World Trade Organization began to monitor trade restrictive measures in 2009. Under the background of weak economic growth, implementing trade protection, setting up trade barriers and interfering with normal trade by anti-dumping have become important means for countries concerned to seize international market share. The trend of anti-globalization has become increasingly obvious, and China has become the biggest victim of this trend. According to the latest data from the Ministry of Commerce, in 2016, China encountered 119 trade remedy investigation cases initiated by 27 countries and regions, involving a total amount of 14.34 billion US dollars. The number of cases and the amount involved increased by 36.8% and 76% respectively. In 2017, the global political situation is undergoing tremendous changes, such as the Brexit, the general elections of major European countries, the inauguration of the new US president, the presidential election of South Korea and other major events, which will bring variables to the existing policy direction or aggravate the global trade protectionism.

On the whole, we believe that the internal and external environment of China’s foreign trade in 2017 is complicated, and the difficulties it faces are not short-term. However, after years of accumulation, China’s economy and foreign trade have good resilience, sufficient potential and great room for manoeuvre. No matter how the external market fluctuates, we are confident to cope. In the field of foreign trade in 2017, as long as we grasp the general tone of the work of "striving for progress while maintaining stability", consolidate and implement the series of policies and measures of "stabilizing growth and restructuring", and strive to make various reforms benefit enterprises, foreign trade will certainly achieve results in improving quality, increasing efficiency and stabilizing development.

Thank you.

[China News Service reporter]I’d like to ask you what progress China’s foreign trade has made in improving quality and efficiency in 2016, and promoting excellence. Thank you.

China News Service reporter asked questions.
China wangzongchao

[Huang Songping]Secondly, good progress has been made in product excellence. In terms of exports, China’s exports of traditional advantageous products continued to grow in 2016, among which the exports of textiles, plastic products and toys increased by 1.9%, 0.5% and 24.9% respectively, which still maintained a good competitive advantage. At the same time, thanks to China’s abundant capital, perfect industrial system and strong manufacturing capacity, Chinese enterprises also promoted the export of equipment manufacturing and high value-added products in speeding up going abroad and promoting international capacity cooperation. The export of some mechanical and electrical products and equipment manufacturing products also maintained a good momentum, such as the export of motors and generators increased by 5%, the export of medical instruments increased by 6.1%, the export of auto parts increased by 3.5%, and the export of textile machinery increased by 3%.

From the perspective of imports, China’s imports of crude oil, copper and other commodities continued to grow in 2016, which also showed that China’s domestic economy was running smoothly and demand rebounded. At the same time, the policy effect of expanding imports and optimizing the import structure appeared, and the import of some advanced technologies, key parts and important equipment and other high-tech products increased rapidly. In 2016, the import of mechanical and electrical products in China increased by 1.9%, among which the import of turbojet engines increased by 26.8%, the ship increased by 26.6%, and the automatic control instruments and appliances for measurement, detection and analysis increased by 10.7%.

In the future, we need to face the complicated and changeable international and domestic economic situation and import and export environment more actively, strive to build a new open economic system, adhere to independent innovation, pay more attention to cultivating new advantages in foreign trade competition with technology, brand, quality and service as the core, continuously improve the quality and efficiency of foreign trade development, create a higher level of open economy, and fully realize the transformation from "big entry and big exit" to "excellent entry and excellent exit".

Thank you.

[Reporter of American International Market News Agency]As you just said, protectionism is on the rise in the world, and anti-globalization forces are also increasing. In the face of Trump’s foreign trade policy after he took office as president of the United States, what countermeasures should we have to deal with these forces that are not conducive to our trade?

A reporter from American International Market News Agency asked questions.
China wangzongchao

[Huang Songping]Thank you for your question. Nowadays, the world economy is in a period of deep adjustment after the international financial crisis. The trend of major economies and macro-policy orientation are divided, the development of global trade is in a downturn, the tendency of anti-globalization is on the rise, and trade protectionism is heating up, which greatly increases the uncertainty of the world economy.

According to the data of the Ministry of Commerce, in 2016, China encountered 119 trade remedy investigation cases initiated by 27 countries and regions, involving a total amount of US$ 14.34 billion. The number of cases and the amount involved increased by 36.8% and 76% respectively, and the number of trade remedy cases in China reached an all-time high. The tendency of politicization and extreme measures of trade friction is obvious, and the final tax rate is generally high.

Faced with the potential impact of trade protectionism in developed economies on themselves and even the world economy, it is necessary for the international community to jointly take measures to deal with it. As a responsible big country and the second largest economy in the world, China will make efforts to overcome the uncertainty of the world economy, continue to promote economic globalization and promote the sustainable development of the world economy on the basis of resolutely opposing trade protectionism.

Many journalists also expressed concern about Sino-US economic and trade relations. We believe that China and the United States have complementary economies and mutually beneficial trade. In 2016, the United States is China’s second largest trading partner and largest export market. We hope that China and the United States, the two largest economies in the world, will have better development prospects in economic and trade cooperation in the future. We will pay close attention to Trump’s foreign trade policy after he became president of the United States. Thank you.

[Japan Asahi TV reporter]Director Huang, please tell us about the trade between China and Japan last year. What do you think of the trend of Sino-Japanese trade this year?

[Huang Songping]Sino-Japanese trade, in 2016, the total import and export value of China’s bilateral trade with Japan was 1.82 trillion yuan, an increase of 5%, accounting for 7.5% of China’s total foreign trade import and export value. Japan is China’s fifth largest trading partner, with exports to Japan reaching 852.75 billion yuan, up 1.3%, and imports from Japan reaching 962.75 billion yuan, up 8.5%. The trade deficit with Japan was 110 billion yuan, an increase of 1.4 times. In the future, we sincerely hope that the economic and trade cooperation between China and Japan will develop steadily and truly achieve mutual benefit and win-win results. Thank you.

[Reporter of China Review Society]I would like to ask Director Huang to introduce the import and export trade situation of Chinese mainland and Taiwan Province in 2016, and how do you predict the trade situation with Taiwan Province in 2017? Thank you.

[Huang Songping]According to our statistics, the total value of cross-strait bilateral trade in 2016 was 1.19 trillion yuan, up 1.6% year-on-year, accounting for 4.9% of the total foreign trade of the mainland in the same period. Taiwan Province is the seventh largest trading partner of the mainland, of which mainland exports to Taiwan reached 266.43 billion yuan, down 4.3%, while imports from Taiwan reached 920.4 billion yuan, up 3.4%, with a trade deficit of 653.97 billion yuan, up 6.9%. It mainly exports integrated circuits, steel products, automatic data processing equipment, etc. to Taiwan, and imports from Taiwan mainly include integrated circuits, liquid crystal display panels, primary plastic and so on.

As for the development of trade with Taiwan, we believe that the two sides of the strait should eliminate unfavorable factors and increase favorable factors to promote the stable development of cross-strait trade. Thank you.

[Hu Kaihong]Today’s press conference is over. Thank you, Director Huang, and thank you all.

After basically completing the tasks of connecting "people" (social) and "content" (social media), WeChat has focused on connecting "products" (applets). Although the current mainstream product form is still App, the growth rate of WeChat applets is very eye-catching. According to QuestMobile’s report, from January 2017 to March 2018, the monthly activity scale of WeChat applets exceeded 400 million. Last month, the daily users of applets reached about 140 million, with a penetration rate of 43.9%. There is still a lot of room for improvement.

　

Then, among the three BAT companies, why only the WeChat applet has strong user traffic and ecological scene capabilities? In the WeChat ecosystem, how can small programs survive?

　

What is the difference between BAT applets?

　

In essence, applets are based on Super App, which constantly incubates countless sub-apps, making Super App a new mobile Internet infrastructure. When various needs are met by different applets, it is easy to grow an ecosystem similar to Apple App Store.

　

1. Ali applet bets on "new retail" and expands offline scenes.

　

Ma Yun once commented on WeChat. When he first came out, he was "shocked" and later felt "nothing more". In recent years, the impact of WeChat payment on Alipay in the fragmented payment scenario is obvious; Wechat applet is playing a big game of chess. Only a Pinduoduo hatched from the applet has become another trump card for Tencent’s strategic impact on Taobao’s e-commerce monopoly.

　

The incubation bases for Ali’s small programs are Alipay and Taobao. Alipay’s small programs are more tools for convenience, and they belong to the nature of "running out". A remarkable change in Taobao this year is that it is no longer a pure e-commerce platform, but a new online retail base. At present, O2O services such as "Taobao Takeaway" and "Flying Pig Travel" have been integrated in Taobao. The "Member Code" next to Taobao search box is actually a local life service business that diverts water to offline stores near users.

　

In the Taobao platform mode, in order to realize complex and non-standard service scenes, it is necessary to adopt the "applet" product form without downloading the installation package to better realize the closed loop of traffic. Because Taobao itself is the diversion base of Ali products, it has a strong technical accumulation for light applications and the product experience is not bad. However, Ali’s small program can only get through the e-commerce scene on the small program, but there is no way to enrich other formats. The profit model of Ali’s e-commerce determines that merchants still need to buy their own advertisements to buy platform traffic or rebates.

The number of local life services on Taobao homepage has increased, and the membership code is actually a store applet. At present, Alipay uses a relatively high-frequency bike-sharing applet.

　

2. The way out for Baidu applets is to advertise information flow.

　

The strength of Baidu’s link information is to link official website or webmaster. This advantage has been weakened by WeChat official account and the media in the WeChat ecosystem. Next, the trend for enterprises to do official website may be to make a small program (the cost of developing an App is relatively high). After all, in the past, there were 400 million users on the PC side, and every enterprise had official website, which is about the same as the current WeChat applet users. Therefore, it is really a bit late for Baidu to stop pushing applets.

　

The previous light Application didn’t work because Baidu didn’t have a fist-level app belt on the mobile side.In the past two years, the transformation of Baidu’s mobile terminal has been completed. In 2017, Baidu’s information flow advertising business developed at a growth rate of 20% from the previous month, keeping pace with the big search business. It is a cash flow business that Baidu has long invested in AI technology research and development. Later, in the information flow of Baidu mobile terminal, it is expected to access some small program sites with good experience, and the home page will be presented when the user pushes (recommends), without jumping to the customer’s App, and the experience is much better than the H5-style advertising landing page.

　

The author found that the "Youxin Used Car" applet was launched in the "Common Services" of Baidu App on April 12, and it has not been involved in the homepage.

　

The shortcoming of Baidu applet is that its mobile payment market share is small, and there is no way to completely open up payment scenarios in its own ecosystem; And perhaps only small program businesses that cooperate with Baidu can get the recommendation of "brand zone" and the traffic recommendation of home page, which will restrict the interest of many enterprise developers to enter.

　 　 　 Baidu applet is currently only used as a common service, and Youxin used car is used as a model to experience App, and there is no payment function for the time being.

　

How does the long tail applet survive in the "decentralized product ecology" of WeChat?

　 　

Many entrepreneurs and enterprises have been keenly aware that WeChat applet is replicating the logic of WeChat official account’s success. Few of the more than 20 million WeChat official account can really survive, and the pain points of small program operators are also closely related to the "decentralized product ecology" positioned by WeChat:

　　

The most important thing about WeChat applet service platform is not technology. The underlying technology of WeChat has been simplified. The real barrier is the accumulation of operational experience in different vertical industries, which is difficult for service providers who only do a few applet cases to cope with.The bonus of the applet is in front of us, but it is still a minority who can really play and catch it. The trial and error cost of this bonus window of about two years is high, which makes the applet service platform prone to "head-oriented" Matthew benefits.

　

Providing applet application services is a technical activity. For example, the logic of applet products in different industries, such as micro-e-commerce, smart restaurants, smart takeout, smart beauty industry, is definitely different, and the interaction of transactions in different scenarios, official website, stores or conference applets is also different.　

　

Although applets need more than 50 traffic portals, to solve the problem of difficult popularization of applets, we have to rely on the combination of "WeChat official account+Applet". WeChat official account fans have a high retention rate, but the entrance is deep, the opening rate is low, and there are many small programs with high frequency. If the users of small and medium-sized enterprises with long tail can give full play to the advantages of WeChat official account stock and small program increment, they can save a lot of promotion costs and enrich the promotion of small programs.

Zhang Xiaolong said that applets are not for e-commerce. It means that applets can be widely used in many application scenarios such as content, social interaction, stores, tools, etc. Perhaps content e-commerce, social e-commerce, fan marketing and local lifestyle services can be truly detonated through applets.

Author’s information: Reliable A Xing (Li Xing), WeChat official account: Reliable A Xing, founder of Reliable Hui, columnist of science and technology media, and personal WeChat is QQ number: 1598145405.

CCTV News:On May 14th, the US released the results of the four-year review of China’s imposition of tariff 301, and announced that on the basis of the original tariff 301 on China, it would further increase the tariffs on electric vehicles, lithium batteries, photovoltaic cells, key minerals, semiconductors, steel and aluminum, port cranes, personal protective equipment and other products imported from China.　

Ministry of Commerce: Resolutely oppose solemn representations

In this regard, the Ministry of Commerce of China stated that China resolutely opposes and makes solemn representations. Due to domestic political considerations, the US side abused the 301 tariff review procedure to further increase the 301 tariff imposed on some Chinese products, which violated President Biden’s promise of "not seeking to suppress and curb China’s development" and "not seeking to decouple and break the chain with China", and was also inconsistent with the spirit of consensus reached by the two heads of state, which would seriously affect the atmosphere of bilateral cooperation.

The United States should immediately correct its wrong practices and cancel the tariff measures imposed on China. China will take resolute measures to defend its own rights and interests.

China Automobile Association: Responding to US Tariff on Electric Vehicles in China

On May 14th, China Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Wang Wenbin held a regular press conference. Wang Wenbin said that China has always opposed the unilateral imposition of tariffs in violation of WTO rules and will take all necessary measures to safeguard its legitimate rights and interests. The head of China Automobile Industry Association told the general station reporter that this move by the US side is a typical trade protectionism.

Fu Bingfeng, executive vice president of China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, said: "The United States imposes tariffs on new energy vehicles and electric vehicles in China, which is a typical trade protectionism. Trade protectionism can only hurt industries and enterprises, which is very unfavorable to the healthy development of the global automobile industry and the transformation to electrification. "

Experts pointed out that the automobile industry is a fully globalized industry, which has brought great driving force to the economic, technological and market development of various countries in the past 100 years. Trade protectionism should never be the theme of the new energy automobile industry, and it needs a global vision and an open mind to promote its healthy development.

Fu Bingfeng said: "We should respond with a positive attitude, instead of unilaterally saying that the United States will impose tariffs to isolate the automobile industry, which is originally a global development. The additional tariffs can only harm the enterprises of both sides and consumers of both sides, casting a shadow over the momentum of benign development. "

Many overseas people advocate free trade.

Not only the Chinese side responded, but also many overseas people generally expressed their voice for free trade in the automobile industry.

Carlos Tavares, CEO of Maserati’s parent company, Stalentis Group, said that he did not ask for any form of protection, nor did he think that increasing tariffs could protect his company. "Global trade is a way of fair competition, and we also believe that the current division of the world is a bad thing. We support global trade liberalization. "

In addition, a number of established multinational auto companies also said in an interview with the general station reporter that the auto industry should have a fair and free trade environment.

Kang Linsong, Chairman and CEO of Mercedes-Benz Automobile Group, said: "Free trade is important. We advocate letting the market develop freely, maintaining free and open trade and maintaining a level playing field. "

Audi ag CEO Obermu said: "We support fair and free global trade. I don’t think protectionism is the right solution. We should create a level playing field for all participants in the market. "

Many overseas people in the automobile industry also said that the US side abused the 301 tariff review procedure for domestic political reasons, politicizing and instrumentalizing economic and trade issues, which was a typical political manipulation.

No matter how high the tariff is, it can’t protect the American auto industry.

Can high tariffs and trade barriers really protect the American auto industry? Looking at it from another angle, the American steel industry is a lesson from the past. As early as 2017, the United States implemented "double opposition" to stainless steel products in China. At that time, China’s steel exports to the United States were insignificant. The crux of the American steel industry was not the so-called "unfair competition" or the lack of adequate protection, but its monopoly position for many years and its failure to rely on technological progress to improve production efficiency. What the American steel industry really needs is to promote reform through opening up, while trade protection will only enhance enterprise inertia. Sure enough, at the end of last year, the American Steel Company, a giant enterprise that once provided steel for the Empire State Building in New York, agreed to accept the acquisition by Japanese companies. Now, does protectionism protect the American steel industry or turn it into a political bubble? Experts pointed out that today’s steel industry in the United States may be the tomorrow of the American auto industry.

Special feature of 1905 film network Finally set the file! For Xiao Dianjun, a senior Bao Kemeng powder, it is simply a big New Year.

"Go! Pikachu. "

　

How many friends have been thinking about this sentence since childhood, eager to have a treasure dream. Of course, in the past, people used to call it Poké mon, or a pet elf. Anyone who holds a ball wants to throw it forward like Xiao Zhi, calling out his own treasure and dream.

Poké mon seems to be everywhere in life.

In the canteen, a snack that can collect cards, on the premise of not spending pocket money, let parents buy a lot of "No.001 Bulbasaur" that they will never get home; In the stationery store, the book covers sold at the beginning of school are Charmander in red, Squirtle in blue, and everyone’s favorite yellow Pikachu … …

　

At that time, there was no Switch, and the most advanced toy among boys was Nintendo’s Game Boy, but whoever owned it would inevitably become the focus of the class. The Baokemeng game is bound to be a game that everyone is scrambling to play.

At that time, Nintendo released many versions of Pockmarked Dream Games, the most classic of which was "Red, Green, Blue and Yellow". I still remember that the covers were Fire-breathing Dragon and Archean Turtle respectively.

Pokémon "Red, Green, Blue and Yellow"

Later, people who played this game also grew up. When people grow up, their hearts are still childlike.

　

I believe that many people tried their best to play pokemon go. At the hottest time, some people went to the park to catch the "elf" with a hot mobile phone at midnight. Last year, GameFreak re-launched Baokemeng games, Let’s go Pikachu in Pokémon and Let’s go Ibrahimovic in Pokémon. Xiao Dianjun dares to assert that your circle of friends must have been screened by it last year.

Of course, Pokémon won’t just stick to the form of the game. Here comes the live-action movie version.

　

However, this time the Pokémon live-action movie is slightly different from what everyone thinks. The story changed from Japan to America. Of course, the familiar Xiao Zhi and Xiao Xia didn’t appear either, and the male owner changed into a black guy.

The film tells the story of Tim Goodman who came to Lyme in search of his missing father. He accidentally met Pikachu, his father’s former Pocahontas partner, and was surprised to find that he was the only human who could understand Pikachu’s words. They decided to team up and embark on an exciting adventure to uncover the truth. During the investigation, they met all kinds of treasures and dreams, and accidentally discovered a shocking conspiracy that could destroy the whole universe of treasures and dreams.

　

Of course, the biggest change and controversy this time is probably Pikachu’s furry shape.

　

In the finalized poster, the fluffy Pikachu occupies position C, which shows its importance.

However, in the impression of many viewers, Pikachu should be as naked as in the animation. However, in the animation, there was actually a scene where Xiao Zhi bathed Pikachu, and we can see that it was hairy.

Many people don’t know what the prototype of Pikachu is.

Because its classification in Baokemeng is mouse Baokemeng, many people guess that its prototype is chipmunk. But as early as 1996, Hideki Nishida, who created the image of Pikachu, said: Pikachu’s design is based on a squirrel, not a mouse. It is said that she just wanted to keep a little squirrel as a pet.

Don’t underestimate our "skin god". In addition to selling cute, its attack power should not be underestimated.

Is it in your impression that it is just the electric mouse that uses 100 thousand volts at every turn? Then you are wrong. Let’s get to know these tricks, such as a flash of lightning and a shadow in two places.

In the trailer, Pikachu doesn’t seem to use tricks at first. When fighting against the fire-breathing dragon, he has been in a state of avoidance, but in the end, there is still a highlight moment of bright tricks.

However, no matter how cute Pikachu’s image is and how magical his tricks are, when he first spoke, everyone should be thinking, "Isn’t this Deadpool?" In the movie, it was actually set that only the male actor Tim could understand Pikachu’s language. In fact, it also laid the first hurdle for the development of the plot — — Why can the protagonist of the film understand Pikachu’s words?

　

In fact, in the previous trailers, at least 31 treasures have appeared. Don’t worry, Xiao Dianjun is here to give you a comprehensive point.

　

Charmander & Fire-breathing Dragon, Bulbasaur, Squirtle & Water Arrow Turtle

　

On the poster, the three first-generation Baokemeng also occupy an absolute position. These three treasures were prepared by Dr. Damu for novices at the beginning of the game.

　

Charmander is a dream of fire, and his best trick is fire.

On the finalized poster, its ultimate evolutionary form — — The fire-breathing dragon also made a stunning appearance. In that year’s animation, it and Xiao Zhi’s feelings also abused Xiao Dianjun, and this time I was very excited to see him still so domineering.

In the preview, we were very excited when we saw a group of Bulbasaur crossing the river. It belongs to grass, and its best skills are flying leaf sharp knife and rattan whip.

Squirtle is a dream of water property.

　

In movies, it also seems to be a key — — The trailer has hinted at the disappearance of a lot of Baokemeng, and on the bulletin board, there is a photo of Squirtle.

Of course, Squirtle’s ultimate evolutionary posture — — The water turtle also appeared. Its high-speed rotation and high-pressure water gun are still very powerful, you will know by watching the preview.

Psyduck

　

Lucy, the heroine in the film, is an intern reporter. She found this event worthy of tracking and reporting, which also led to the intertwined fate of her and Tim, and the dream that appeared with her was this reachable duck.

Koda duck is one of the most famous treasures for fans. It can be a strong and cute image, and it also fascinated many people in animation.

Although Koda duck is a dream of water property, what it is best at is actually super power.

Sleeping mushroom

　

In the preview, what appeared with crowds of Bulbasaur was sleeping mushrooms.

For many fans, it is relatively strange. It first appeared in the game Pokémon: Sun/Moon in 2016. As the name suggests, its best skill is hypnotic powder.

Jigglypuff

　

In the preview, Jigglypuff, who is suspected to be standing on the wine table with a microphone and angry, sleeps on his stomach next to him, which simply restores the scene in the animation.

In animation, it is obsessed with singing, but no one can stand its singing because it can only sing a lullaby.

Roaring bomb

　

Jigglypuff isn’t the only one who is linked to music, and the roar bomb that is good at making sound waves is also one of them. Although it belongs to the fighting category in animation settings, it is best at knocking down opponents with sound.

In the movie, it stands directly with the DJ, and on the screen behind it, it says "CRITICAL HIT!" It is the "hit the key" that gamers are familiar with.

Breaux

　

Brue, who is fierce and fierce, doesn’t have many shots in the trailer, but his position on the poster is eye-catching. I wonder what big moves will be made in the future?

Suction cup mole

　

It’s a treasure dream of the Super Power Department, and it’s everyone’s happy fruit in the animation, and finally it became Xiao Zhi’s right-hand man.

In the trailer, it also contributed the biggest joke. At first, it seemed to try to build a barrier, but it was soon discovered by Pikachu. However, it is gratifying that the movie god restored the impression it gave to the audience in animation.

Aipom

　

In the animation, Aipom accompanied Xiao Zhi for a long time, and even went to find the lost Pikachu together at the beginning, so it was loved by many viewers.However, in the preview, it changed its lovely appearance in the animation and became particularly angry.

Ludicolo

　

In animation, it will start a lively stage as soon as it hears the brisk rhythm, but in the battle, it will play a very amazing role. This time, in the preview, it incarnates like a bartender.

Snorlax

　

What can Snorlax do without sleeping? In the original work, Snorlax became a key role because sleeping blocked the way of human beings. Finally, Xiao Zhi woke it up with the help of Bao Ke Meng Di and successfully subdued it.

In the preview, Snorlax also slept directly in the middle of the road.

Naughty Panda, Machamp

　

Although the naughty panda did not appear in the poster, it also appeared in the trailer. Its photo once appeared on the bulletin board with Squirtle.

In the preview, Machamp, who was good at fighting, became a traffic policeman who directed traffic.

Clay figurine giant, cartoon dog, wind speed dog

　

In the notice, Machamp was not the only one who became a police officer. The giant clay figurine also became a police security guard.

In animation, Katie Dog and Wind Speed Dog have always been Officer Jenny’s good working partners. In the movie, they continued the setting of police dogs.

big/thick/oversized tongue

　

In the animation, Musashi once tamed a wild Lickitung. But later, she accidentally exchanged it with someone else’s fruit Weng. In animation, Lickitung’s best skills are tongue licking, ultrasonic and petrochemical attack.

Electric bug

　

It is an insect elf, and likes to attach to other treasures to absorb static electricity, or cling to the sockets of people’s homes to absorb electricity. In the trailer, it is crawling on a telephone pole.

It is suspected that a small egg is buried here, and the building in the distance looks like the letter "Oak", which is actually the "Dr. Damu" in the animation.

　

Greninja

　

In the preview, there are many scenes of Greninja, which looks more like a villain.In animation, it has become Xiao Zhi’s strongest partner, and even fought a century war with the fire-breathing dragon in the super-evolutionary form.

Caracalla

Caracalla, who jumped out of the elf ball, was also bleeding.

Duduli

　

It is a strange bird with three heads. In the animation, it runs very fast, but it often pecks itself because the three heads have different opinions. Trailer, what is it watching?

Fire elf

　

One of Ibrahimovic’s evolutions is that the property of fire is precious and dreamy. From the trailer, I feel that it has just evolved.

Three beasts

　

There are three statues of god beasts behind the evolution scene of the fire elves. From left to right, they are Dialga (Diamond Beast), Arzeus (Creator) and Paluccia (Pearl Beast).

Magikarp, Tyrannosaurus rex

　

In the preview, there is also a Magikarp in the scene that passes by. In animation, it can only swing skills, even the rockets are disgusted.

However, its evolution — — Tyrannosaurus rex has made everyone suffer. In the new version of the preview, it also appeared domineering, and I don’t know what big moves will follow.

Super dream

　

Of course, the last earthquake field must be this legendary treasure dream — — Super dream.

In the preview, Super Dream appeared in the raging fire, which perfectly restored the scene of it coming out of the fire in the animation.

It is said that this precious dream will be an important role in the film. As for another beast closely related to it in animation — — Dream, will it appear? This may be another pit in the movie.

　

In the end, how many treasures are there in this movie? Xiao Dianjun can’t wait to know!

On June 22 this year, Northwestern Polytechnical University issued a "Public Statement" saying that the school was attacked by overseas cyber attacks, and then the Xi ‘an police officially filed an investigation. The China National Computer Virus Emergency Response Center and 360 Company jointly formed a technical team to participate in the technical analysis of the case, and on September 5, the first "Investigation Report on Northwestern Polytechnical University’s Cyber Attacks by NSA in the United States" was released. The investigation report pointed out that the source of this cyber attack was the specific intrusion action office under the National Security Agency (NSA). Today (27th), the technical team released the investigation report on related cyber attacks again. The report revealed that during the cyber attack on Northwestern Polytechnical University, the Office of Specific Invasion Action (TAO) built a (so-called) "legal" channel for remote access to the core data network of infrastructure operators in China, and achieved the infiltration control of China’s infrastructure.Details > >

　　A number of evidences show that the National Security Agency (NSA) is behind the scenes.

　　The investigation report revealed that the Office of Specific Invasion Operations (TAO) under the National Security Agency (NSA) exposed a number of technical loopholes and made many operational mistakes in the process of cyberattacks on Northwestern Polytechnical University. Relevant evidence further proved that the behind-the-scenes attack on Northwestern Polytechnical University was the NSA.

　　The investigation found that when using tipoff activation command and remote control of NOPEN Trojan, the Office of Specific Invasion Operations (TAO) under the National Security Agency (NSA) must operate manually, and the actual working time of network attackers can be analyzed from the attack time of these two tools.

　　First of all, according to the big data analysis of related cyber attacks, 98% of cyber attacks on Northwestern Polytechnical University are concentrated between 21: 00 and 4: 00 am Beijing time, which corresponds to 9: 00 to 16: 00 EST, and belongs to the domestic working time in the United States. Secondly, there was no cyber attack on Northwestern Polytechnical University on all Saturdays and Sundays in the United States. Thirdly, by analyzing the unique holidays in the United States, it is found that the "Memorial Day" in the United States has three days off, and the "Independence Day" in the United States has one day off. During these four days, the attacker did not carry out any attack and theft. Fourth, after a long period of close tracking of the attacks, it was found that all cyber attacks were silent during the Christmas period. Judging from the above working hours and holiday arrangements, those who attack and steal secrets against Northwestern Polytechnical University are unscrupulous and undisguised in their activities according to the schedule of working days in the United States.

　　Du Zhenhua, Senior Engineer of National Computer Virus Emergency Response Center:TAO’s cyber attack on Northwestern Polytechnical University shows that the technical complexity is relatively high, the attack cycle is relatively long, and the workload of manual operation is relatively large, so under such conditions, the probability of human error is relatively high. Then these mistakes can be used by us to analyze the attribution. According to the attribution analysis, for example, the instruction string leaked in the accident this time, as well as some characteristic strings in the code, then the characteristics of this natural language reflected by it are in line with the characteristics of this English-speaking country.

　　During the long-term tracking and reverse osmosis of network attackers, the technical team found that the attackers have the following language characteristics: First, the attackers have the habit of using American English; Second, the internet devices associated with the attackers are all equipped with English operating systems and various English-language applications; Third, the attacker uses the American keyboard for input.

　　360 company network security expert Bian Liang:For example, we caught it once. During the attack, its command to send a script was wrong, wrong, and wrong. Then, this tool will prompt the attacker, and if something goes wrong, it will return the error information to the attacker to give him a hint. This information includes the attacker’s current operating system environment, which actually exposes that the attacker’s related information is the US War Office (TAO).

　　The technical team found that at 5: 36 on May 16th, 20 ××× Beijing time, the cyberattacker used the springboard machine located in South Korea (IP: 222.122. ××××××) and attacked Northwestern Polytechnical University again with the NOPEN Trojan. When trying to invade and control a network device after the third-level infiltration of the intranet of Northwestern Polytechnical University, there was a human error when running the upload PY script tool, and the specified parameters were not modified. After the script is executed, an error message is returned, which exposes the working directory and the corresponding file name of the attacker’s online terminal. From this, it can be known that the system environment of the Trojan control terminal is Linux system, and the corresponding directory name "/etc/autoutils" is the special name of the directory of network attack weapons tools of the specific intrusion action office (TAO).

　　The error message is as follows:

　　Quantifier follows nothing in regex; marked by <– HERE in m/* <– HERE .log/ at https://news.cctv.com/2022/09/etc/autoutils line 4569

　　The technical team found that 16 of the 41 different cyber attack weapons used in the attack on secrets of Northwestern Polytechnical University were completely consistent with the TAO weapons exposed by the "shadow broker" in 2016; Although 23 tools are not exactly the same as those exposed by the "shadow broker", their genetic similarity is as high as 97%, and they belong to the same type of weapons, but their related configurations are different; The other two tools can’t correspond to the "Shadow Broker" exposure tool, but they need to be used together with other cyber attack weapons tools of TAO, so these weapons and tools obviously have homology and belong to TAO.

　　360 company network security expert Bian Liang:Every program developer or author will have his related habits, for example, it is similar to our writing style, and he won’t easily change this habit in a day or two, so the program is the same. There are many such logics in it, and its algorithm includes its data structure, so we will grasp this habit through our analysis and make a comprehensive comparison to find out whether it belongs to such an attack weapon of the same type or the same family and gene.

　　The comprehensive analysis of the technical team found that in the tens of thousands of cyber attacks against targets in China, especially the thousands of cyber attacks launched against Northwestern Polytechnical University, some weapons used in the attack process were implanted with Trojans before the "shadow broker" exposed NSA weapons and equipment in 2016. According to NSA’s behavior habits, the above weapons and tools are likely to be used by TAO employees themselves.

　　NSA invades China’s infrastructure-related equipment and steals user privacy data.

　　It is understood that the technical team conducted forensic analysis on the traces of cyber attacks suffered by Northwestern Polytechnical University and the on-site environment through relevant technical means, and judged the attack methods and time of the specific intrusion action office (TAO) under the National Security Agency (NSA), and disclosed typical cases of related cyber attacks.

　　1. Steal key sensitive data such as password and operation record of remote business management account of Northwestern Polytechnical University.

　　According to the investigation report, the specific intrusion action office (TAO) under the National Security Agency (NSA) installed a sniffing tool "drinking tea" in the operation and maintenance management server of Northwestern Polytechnical University, and secretly sniffed and stole the remote maintenance management information of the operation and maintenance management personnel of Northwestern Polytechnical University for a long time, including the password of the network boundary device account, the access rights of business devices, the configuration information of routers and other devices.

　　The technical team found that the types of network equipment sniffed by Northwestern Polytechnical University include fixed Internet access network equipment (routers, authentication servers, etc.), core network equipment (core routers, switches, firewalls, etc.), and also important equipment (data service platforms, etc.) of communication infrastructure operators, including account number, password, equipment configuration, network configuration and other information.

　　At 6: 52 on December 11th, 20××× Beijing time, TAO used the proxy server (IP: 130.54 .××××××) located in Kyoto University of Japan as an attack springboard, illegally invaded the "telnet" management server of the operation and maintenance network of Northwestern Polytechnical University, uploaded and installed the NOPEN Trojan, and then controlled its intranet monitoring and management server in cascade. Both of the above servers had been installed with "tea drinking" sniffing in advance. TAO remotely controls the Trojan to retrieve and download the compressed and encrypted monitoring record file, and then clears the trace and exits. Stealing data includes the management account number, password, device configuration, network configuration and other information of routers and core network devices (core routers, switches, firewalls).

　　2. Steal the configuration files and log files of network equipment operation and maintenance in Northwestern Polytechnical University.

　　The specific intrusion action office (TAO) under the National Security Agency (NSA) of the United States has long attacked and invaded the network operation and maintenance management server of Northwestern Polytechnical University, secretly stealing network equipment operation and maintenance configuration files and log files.

　　At 10: 41 on October 11th, 20××× Beijing time, TAO invaded and controlled an intranet server of Northwestern Polytechnical University through a proxy server located in Korea (IP: 210.115 ××××××). At 10: 48, after two lateral moves, TAO invaded another intranet server, accessed the regular task configuration scripts in a specific directory, and retrieved 14 configuration files for regular tasks. Subsequently, these 14 files were stolen at one time, which can be used to perform regular cleaning, backup, power check and other operations.

　　3. Infiltration control of China infrastructure core equipment.

　　The specific intrusion action office (TAO) under the National Security Agency (NSA) of the United States used the password of the stolen network equipment account to enter the service network of an infrastructure operator in China as a "legitimate" status, control the related service quality monitoring system, and steal the user’s private data.

　　At 22:53 on March 7th, 20××× Beijing time, the Office of Specific Invasion Operations (TAO) of the National Security Agency of the United States attacked and controlled the service server of an infrastructure operator in China through the attack agent 148.208××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××

　　At 15:02 on the same day, TAO saved the queried user data in the directory of the attacked server/var/tmp/.2e434fd8aaee73e1/ERF/out/f/,and then packaged it and sent it back to the attack springboard. Subsequently, the attack traces such as infiltration tools and user data uploaded during the process of stealing secrets were quickly removed by special tools.

　　Du Zhenhua, Senior Engineer of National Computer Virus Emergency Response Center:TAO used many kinds of cyber weapons in this attack against Northwestern Polytechnical University, specifically, such as acid fox, so it belongs to a typical loophole-breaking weapon. Through this middleman attack, it can deliver other cyber weapons to the victimized host in the intranet, such as anger spraying and never disclosing such persistent control weapons. It can further attack and penetrate the intranet according to this control instruction sent by TAO remotely, and move horizontally. It can deploy weapons like sniffing and stealing secrets. By sniffing and stealing weapons like drinking tea, it can steal more remote management host account passwords.

　　360 company network security expert Bian Liang:Drinking tea is a weapon, which is similar to a spy in our war. It can eavesdrop on our traffic data in the network. Through the monitoring of network data, it can steal sensitive data and information related to us, just like there may be a third party listening through the wall when we are chatting.

　　According to the analysis of the technical team, the Office of Specific Invasion Operations (TAO) under the National Security Agency (NSA) of the United States used the same combination of weapons and tools to "legally" control the telecommunications infrastructure networks in no less than 80 countries around the world. The technical team cooperated with the partners in Europe and Southeast Asian countries, successfully extracted and fixed the samples of the above weapons and tools, and successfully completed the technical analysis, which is planned to be released to the public in due course to help the world jointly resist and prevent the network penetration attack of NSA.

　　Maintaining network security is the common responsibility of the international community.

　　After continuous hard work, the technical team successfully locked in the target node, multi-stage springboard, main control platform, encrypted tunnel, attack weapon and original terminal that launched the cyber attack on Northwestern Polytechnical University by the Specific Invasion Action Office (TAO) under the National Security Agency (NSA), found the identity clues of the attacker, and successfully identified the true identities of 13 attackers.

　　According to the report, the National Computer Virus Emergency Response Center and 360 Company jointly formed a technical team to participate in the technical analysis of this case. The technical team received the full support of partners from some countries in Europe and Southeast Asia, and comprehensively restored the overall profile, technical characteristics, attack weapons, attack paths and attack sources of the related attacks, and initially identified that the related attacks originated from the specific intrusion action office (TAO) of the National Security Agency (NSA). This series of research reports will provide reference cases for countries around the world to effectively discover and prevent TAO’s follow-up cyber attacks.

　　Professor Zuo Xiaodong, School of Cyberspace Security, School of Public Affairs, University of Science and Technology of China:Because the network attack is cross-border, it is extremely difficult to trace the source of the network attack, both technically and procedurally.

　　Experts say that cyberspace is the common home of mankind, cyber attacks are a common threat facing the whole world, and maintaining network security is the common responsibility of the international community. In response to such cyber attacks, it is even more necessary for relevant countries to work together to find out who is behind the scenes.

　　On September 8, Yang Tao, Director of the Department of American Studies of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, made solemn representations to the US Embassy in China on the cyber attack and theft of secrets by the United States against our Northwestern Polytechnical University.

　　Yang Tao pointed out that a few days ago, China National Computer Virus Emergency Response Center and 360 Company released an investigation report on the cyber attack carried out by the subordinate departments of the National Security Agency in China, and the relevant facts were clear and the evidence was conclusive and sufficient. This is not the first time that the US government has carried out cyber attacks and stolen sensitive information against China institutions. The actions of the United States seriously infringe on the technical secrets of relevant institutions in China and seriously endanger the security of key infrastructure, institutions and personal information in China, and must be stopped immediately.

　　(CCTV reporter Hou Jun Chen Lei Zhang Gang Dong Liangyan Chen Qingbin Han Yuxu)

　　Rapeseed oil is a traditional edible oil in many parts of China, but there are many questions about it.

　　Why does rapeseed oil have a "strange smell"? The unique "aroma" of various vegetable oils comes from the volatile components in it. In the case of rapeseed oil, it is mainly glucosinolates. Glucosinolates, also known as glucosinolates or glucosinolates, decompose to produce isothiocyanates, nitriles, cyanates and other substances. Many sulfur-containing compounds have a certain degree of irritation, which also produces a unique flavor.

　　How is the nutritional value? Like other vegetable oils, rapeseed oil has a relatively low saturated fat content, which is healthier than animal fats. But ordinary rapeseed oil contains erucic acid. Animal experiments have shown that erucic acid is harmful to the heart. In addition, isothiocyanate, the breakdown product of thiosinolates, can interfere with thyroxine synthesis and cause thyroid enlargement. Nitrile can also cause liver and kidney enlargement in animals, and in severe cases, it can cause liver bleeding and liver necrosis. Although as edible oils, the amount of consumption is generally not large, and the harm caused is not necessarily much. But they are "harmful ingredients" after all, so from a health perspective, ordinary rapeseed oil is obviously not as good as other vegetable oils.

　　Is it true that rapeseed oil causes Alzheimer’s disease? The claim comes from an animal experiment using mice with a genetic mutation that predisposes them to Alzheimer’s disease. In the experiment, the experimental group and the control group ate different diets. The experimental group of mice increased rapeseed oil, which increased calorie intake and caused obesity. From a scientific point of view, the study is not convincing and has been criticized by many professionals.

　　Is soil oil better? Many people believe that soil oil "untreated by modern industrial means" is more "healthy" and more "safe". This is not the case. Soil oil contains free fatty acids, pigments, and volatile components, which make the oil smoke at relatively low temperatures. Soot is not only a source of PM2.5, but also contains harmful substances such as acrylic. Acrylic has a strong irritating effect on the eyes and respiratory tract, and was even used as a chemical weapon in the "First World War". When "soil pressing" is applied to high temperature treatment of rapeseed, it will produce carcinogenic benzopyrene. In addition, smoke also produces other harmful substances. Commercial oils are generally refined to remove free fatty acids, pigments, and odors from the oil. Refined oils are light in color, have a bland taste, and have a bright appearance. The smoking temperature can increase by 50 or 60 degrees Celsius. From a safety point of view, "home-squeezed oil" is not as good as refined oil. Of course, vegetable oils also lose some health benefits during the refining process, such as vitamin E and phytosterols. From this point of view, soil-squeezed oils have certain advantages over refined oils.

　　What should be paid attention to when choosing rapeseed oil? Soil-squeezed oil has certain advantages over refined oil in nutrition, but for food, we should consider nutrition under the premise of safety. The nutrients lost by refined oil can be obtained from other foods, while the harm caused by oil smoke and benzopyrene cannot be eliminated. Therefore, refined oil is a better choice. More importantly, the glucosinolates and erucic acid in traditional rapeseed oil are not good for health, and the improved "double-low rapeseed oil" solves the above problems. "Double-low rapeseed oil" is also called "canola oil" and "canola oil". Its fatty acid composition is reasonable, high quality and low price, and it is a healthy and cheap choice. ▲

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