上海后花园论坛,上海419论坛,爱上海龙凤419

Let’s learn together.

Details of selected cases ↓

Focus on employees’ demands,

Listen to the voices of employees,

Respond to the concerns of employees,

Shanghai Trade Union is always by your side!

Comprehensive arrangement from: National Federation of Trade Unions

Editor of this issue: Mao Yijing

　　After the "salary-drying" incident of CICC traders’ families, a recent "salary-limiting order" in the financial industry has aroused widespread concern.

　　On August 2, the Ministry of Finance issued the Notice of the Ministry of Finance on Further Strengthening the Financial Management of State-owned Financial Enterprises (hereinafter referred to as the Notice), which is divided into five parts with 14 articles, of which two focus on standardizing the salary of employees in financial enterprises.

　　The Notice proposes to optimize the internal income distribution structure, increase the total salary to grass-roots employees, establish and improve the mechanism of deferred payment and accountability for salary distribution, and require that the basic salary of financial executives and employees in important positions should generally not be higher than 35% of the total salary, and more than 40% of the performance salary should be deferred, and the deferred payment period should generally be no less than 3 years.

　　The financial industry has always been called "multi-gold industry". In the annual national average wage ranking, the financial industry’s salary has never fallen out of the top three.

　　Just at the end of July, the family of a trader in CICC disclosed her husband’s income certificate. The employee’s average monthly income of 82,500 yuan aroused widespread concern in society. In fact, the employee’s income was less than the average level. In 2021, the per capita salary of CICC reached 980,000 yuan, and even reached 1.16 million yuan in 2020.

　　Re-issue a "salary limit order"

　　The Notice requires that all central financial enterprises and financial enterprises in other countries should actively optimize the internal income distribution structure, give full play to the positive incentive role of wages and salaries, effectively implement the policy requirement that the average wage increase of headquarters employees should be lower than that of employees in their own enterprises in principle, and the average wage increase of middle and senior management positions should not be higher than that of employees in their own enterprises in principle.

　　Financial enterprises should reasonably control the post distribution grade difference, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of front-line employees and grass-roots employees, and effectively balance the income distribution relationship among leading bodies, middle-level cadres and grass-roots employees. If the average salary of headquarters employees is significantly higher than that of employees in the enterprise, the total annual salary should be further increased to front-line employees and grass-roots employees.

　　In addition, financial enterprises should seriously allocate discipline, strictly clean up and standardize the extra-wage income, incorporate all wage income into the total wage management, and not charge any wage expenses such as allowances and subsidies in other forms besides the total wage, so as to realize the wage of income, the monetization of wages and the transparency of payment.

　　In the "establishing and improving the mechanism of deferred payment of salary distribution and compensation", the Notice requires that financial enterprises should comprehensively consider market conditions, performance, risk taking, salary strategy and other factors, scientifically set salary standards for different positions, and reasonably determine a certain proportion of performance pay.

　　For senior managers of financial enterprises and employees who have a direct or important impact on risks, the basic salary is generally not higher than 35% of the total salary, and performance pay is deferred according to the business income and risk assessment by stages. More than 40% of performance pay should be deferred, and the deferred payment period is generally not less than 3 years, so as to ensure that the payment period of performance pay matches the risk duration of the corresponding business, unless otherwise stipulated by the state.

　　Financial enterprises should formulate a system of recourse and deduction of performance pay. If senior managers and employees in positions that have a direct or important impact on risks fail to perform their duties diligently, resulting in major violations of laws and regulations or major risk losses to financial enterprises, financial enterprises should recover part or all of the performance pay paid within the corresponding period and stop paying part or all of the unpaid pay according to laws and regulations and after performing corporate governance procedures. In principle, the recovery period of performance pay is the same as that of the relevant responsible person. The performance-based compensation recourse and deduction regulations apply to those who have left or retired.

　　In addition to limiting the salary income of senior executives, increasing the total salary to grass-roots employees, delaying payment and establishing a system of recourse and deduction of performance pay, the Notice also puts forward specific requirements for financial enterprises to strengthen financial budget management and reasonably control expenses. For example, financial enterprises are strictly forbidden to talk about ostentation and extravagance, put an end to extravagance and waste, and strictly prohibit the purchase and provision of high-end drinks when holding business banquets; It is strictly forbidden to purchase and build office buildings in violation of regulations, luxury decoration office buildings and high-grade office furniture; Financial enterprises should implement centralized procurement according to the procurement plan and incorporate it into the annual budget management; Strict implementation of the relevant provisions of the state on the personal treatment of employees, entertainment, fitness, tourism, entertainment, shopping, gifts and other expenses borne by individuals shall not be charged in the cost of enterprises.

　　Banks, securities and funds have joined the "salary-limited team" one after another.

　　Due to the generally high salary level in the financial industry, the "salary limit order" seems to have never stopped.

　　In April 2009, the Ministry of Finance issued the Notice on Issues Related to the Salary Distribution of Senior Executives of State-owned Financial Institutions in 2008, stipulating that the salary of senior executives of financial institutions in all countries in 2008 should be determined at no more than 90% of the salary in 2007; If the business performance declines, the salary of senior executives will be reduced by 10% on the basis of implementing the above principles; If the salary of senior executives in 2007 is obviously higher than the average level of the industry, on the basis of implementing the above policies, the decline of the salary of senior executives in 2008 should be correspondingly increased, and the gap with the average level of the industry should be narrowed actively.

　　In 2010, the Ministry of Finance issued the Measures for the Administration of Remuneration Audit of Heads of Central Financial Enterprises, and initially established a salary management mechanism that combines "salary and performance" and "long-term incentives and short-term incentives".

　　With the introduction of these policies and measures, the public’s voice for reforming the compensation management in the banking industry is even stronger. In March 2010, the CBRC issued the Guidelines for Steady Compensation Supervision of Commercial Banks (hereinafter referred to as the Guidelines).

　　According to the Guidelines, the basic salary of commercial banks is generally not higher than 35% of their total salary. Commercial bank executives and employees in positions that have an important impact on risks should pay more than 40% of their performance pay in the form of deferred payment, and the period of deferred payment is generally not less than 3 years, in which the proportion of deferred payment of performance pay for major senior managers should be higher than 50%, and 60% should be achieved if conditions permit.

　　Since the beginning of this year, the securities industry and the fund industry have also issued "salary limit orders".

　　In May, 2022, China Securities Industry Association issued "Guidelines for Securities Companies to Establish a Steady Salary System", pointing out that when formulating the salary system, securities companies should establish a deferred payment mechanism for the chairman, senior managers, heads of major business departments, heads of branches and core business personnel, and clarify the applicable conditions, payment standards, years and proportions. In the salary system, it should be clear that business should not be carried out through lump sum, personnel affiliation, etc., excessive incentives should not be implemented through independent assessment methods such as direct proportional sharing, and the salary income of employees should not be directly linked to the income of projects undertaken or contracted by them.

　　According to the first financial statistics, the average salary of 33 securities companies that released data last year reached 560,000 yuan, up 4% year-on-year. The highest per capita salary is CICC, which reached 980,000 yuan last year. In 2020, the per capita salary of CICC was as high as 1.16 million yuan, compared with 2021.

　　Followed by CITIC Securities and Guangfa Securities, the per capita salary is 850,000 yuan and 810,000 yuan. Even Huaan Securities and Oriental Fortune, which have the lowest per capita salary, have exceeded 300,000 yuan. Last year, the highest salary increase was Guolian Securities, with a per capita salary increase of 51%.

　　In addition, in June, China Fund Industry Association also issued "Guidelines on Performance Appraisal and Salary Management of Fund Management Companies", pointing out that fund management companies should establish and implement a deferred payment system for performance compensation, with a deferred payment period of not less than three years and a deferred payment speed of not less than an equal proportion.

　　The applicable scope of deferred payment system for performance pay includes but is not limited to the chairman of the board, senior managers, heads of major business departments, heads of branches and core business personnel. Among them, the amount of deferred payment by senior managers, fund managers and other key positions is not less than 40% in principle.

Recently, the large-scale youth inspirational and emotional drama "Castle Peak Can’t Cover Up" was successfully completed.

It is understood that the play is directed by Wu Hongwu and Yang Feng, with actor Ham as Hong Yuanshan, actor Li Man as Lu Xiaoqing, actor Li Naiwen as Gong Tianliang, actor Xu Xiaosa as Zuo Hongwei and actor Liu Zitao as Aze. It brings together an all-star cast and tells the inspirational emotional story of a group of young people in the "No.13 Luzhong Telecom Factory" who are working hard to develop and innovate for the national communication construction.

The drama shows the struggle and emotion of China youth under the torrent of the times, outlines a picture of the economic transformation in China from 1970s to the end of 1990s, and reproduces the burning years of parents. This shooting is the first time that Ham and Li Man have co-starred in a youth inspirational emotional drama before and after the reform and opening-up and under the background of changing times. It is full of interesting things and I believe it will bring unexpected surprises to the audience.

Ham teamed up with Li Man to subvert the show and reproduce the burning years of their fathers.

Castle Peak Can’t Be Covered is adapted from the novel of the same name by writer Wang Yili, and the story spans more than 20 years. In the play, Hong Yuanshan, Lu Xiaoqing, Gong Tianliang, Zuo Hongwei and other characters have distinct personalities, real feelings and are full of the brand of the times. This is a TV series with a strong sense of the times, a high degree of scene restoration and a grand pattern. Their stories are not only the epitome of the wave of the times, but also inherit and carry forward the spirit of hard work and innovation of third-line builders, presenting an unforgettable and eventful time for contemporary audiences and inspiring every dreamer. Due to the scarcity of the theme of the play, the play has formed a strong attraction to the main creators, and all the directors and actors are impressed by the epic story trend of the play.

Because of the unique charm of the play, actor Ham decided to play the role of Hong Yuanshan, which is far from his life experience or appearance and clothing. Although it is difficult to connect Ham with Hong Yuanshan, in recent years, people who have seen Ham’s performance know that it is reassuring to hand over such a complicated role to Ham. Ham has successfully transformed from an idol artist into an acting actor by shaping classic characters, and the label of "Actor Ham" has left a deep imprint on the audience’s mind. I believe that Ham will once again subvert everyone’s perception of Hong Yuanshan. Li Man, who plays the heroine, also shows her more possibilities through the role of Lu Xiaoqing. In order to find the feelings of the characters and understand people’s lifestyles and inner thoughts at that time, Li Man specially studied the history of that year. After doing a lot of homework, Li Man’s belief in playing this role was deepened. Ham and Li Man played a pair of bad karma mandarin ducks who had a rough love life in the play. During the filming process, they were super serious and collided with many wonderful sparks. I am very much looking forward to their performance in Castle Peak.

In addition, Li Naiwen, who plays Gong Tianliang, Xu Xiaosa, who plays Zuo Hongwei, and Sun Xiaoxiao, who plays Charlene Marilynn Dangelo, all joined the group early, did their homework, and were very handy when shooting. A drama, from preparation for adaptation to filming, can’t be separated from the joint efforts of the main creator and all the staff. Everyone is full of confidence and high morale in presenting such a TV series that tells the stories of their parents and is full of feelings to the audience.

Powerful actors join Dream International Film Industry to create the annual drama.

Actors account for more than half of the success of a film and television drama. The cast of "Castle Peak Cann’t Cover Up" is particularly luxurious. In order to make the series look better, live more and expand the audience market, the producers also invited Guo Kaimin, Wang Liyun, Du Zhiguo, Zheng Weili, Zheng Xiaoning and Fang Qingping to escort it. In addition, Ren Donglin, Pan Yang, Sun Xiaojun, Chen Jianan, Wang Zheng, Shu Biao, Zhang Yutong and many other outstanding young actors joined in and played important roles respectively, forming a perfect jigsaw puzzle of this drama, which made the drama more youthful and inspirational and more enjoyable.

As a major drama of the year created by Dream International Film Industry, "Castle Peak can’t be covered" has high hopes. Dream International Film has always pursued excellent quality in the production and production of film and television dramas. After the drama is finished, it will immediately enter the post-production stage. I believe that "Castle Peak can’t hide" will definitely satisfy the audience. It is also expected that after the series is broadcast, more young people will be able to look back at their parents’ glory and youth dreams through the TV screen, and that "Castle Peak can’t cover itself" will bring us surprises.

"Don’t miss the blockbuster in 2007", "epic", "too violent" and "box office champion" …

　　All comments, even those negative ones, are attracting people to watch Sparta 300 Warriors. When I was ready to enjoy the shock and endure the blood, I saw the American version of Promise, which can also be called the American version of A Bloody Battle Caused by a Bag of Gold Coins.

　　The plot is not creative, it is straightforward from beginning to end, and it does not respect historical facts, but it does not exert any good imagination. The Persians bought off the priests with gold coins, so that the king could only lead 300 people to war, and also bought off the "parliamentarians", so that the warriors could not get support. The queen used her body as a price, but she was bitten by the "senator". In desperation, she took the knife and killed the senator. This knife not only ended the life of the bad guy, but also stabbed another bag of Persian gold coins on him, making the traitor active.

　　The above plot is the most turbulent part of the whole play, and it is also the most ridiculous part. The incomplete steamed bread in "The Promise" is still a technical error. This series of retarded plots can only be said that the screenwriter used all the raw materials wrong, and the director actually made a rotten meal.

　　In the bloody battle of 300 warriors, the only thing that can only be sensational is the father and son soldiers. If you can’t cheat the audience’s tears, at least let people choke for a second. It’s a pity that the heroic son died because of his father’s meaningless call. The big meal is rotten, and the side dishes are expired. This table of "feast" is appetizing.

　　In the play, the famous king could not get the support of the religious elders, but depended on his wife to sell himself. He failed to recruit the disabled Spartan and was defeated by both Scylla and Charybdis. He was nothing more than a brave man. Seeing him die at last only makes people feel logical and has no sense of bravery.

　　There is no plot to see the picture, which is our minimum requirement for domestic films. I didn’t expect Hollywood to make a "masterpiece" worse than domestic blockbusters, not to mention how ridiculous those "warriors" who are more developed than women are. In the film, The Lord of the Rings and The Lord of the Rings are everywhere. We don’t object to making an epic film with a magical shadow, but such petty theft is really shameful.

　　The only thing left to look forward to is "violence". From beginning to end, only a few heads have been cut off repeatedly, as stiff as a wax figure. There is no violence, it’s more like being stupid.

　　Gao Mingyao, who is interested in scientific research and cultural tourism industry, is a junior in the School of Environment of Harbin Institute of Technology. Recently, he has always been concerned about current affairs, and watched the live broadcast of the opening of the Third Session of the 13th Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and the Third Session of the 13th National People’s Congress, and the live broadcast of interviews with delegates and members.

　　As early as a few years ago, Zhang Han began to pay attention to the formulation of the Civil Code. On the morning of May 22, she got up and waited for the information reviewed by the Civil Code. "WeChat group is all kinds of information sent by classmates and teachers. Everyone is looking forward to seeing the relevant content of the Civil Code as soon as possible."

　　Recently, the media of Zhongqing School launched a questionnaire survey for 1606 college students nationwide. The survey results show that among the respondents, 89.9% of college students expressed concern about the NPC and CPPCC, 18.8% expressed great concern about this year’s NPC and CPPCC, 41.2% expressed concern, 29.9% expressed general concern, and 10.1% expressed little concern.

　　Employment, education and economic development rank among the top three in college students’ minds.

　　According to the media survey of Zhongqing school, employment (65.7%), education (61.4%) and economic development (50.2) are the three topics that college students are most concerned about. Epidemic prevention and control (45.3%), income level (40.4%), culture (21.9%), medical care (16.7%) and social security (16.7%).

　　Liao Yangxin, majoring in labor and social security at Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, is a sophomore this year. Apart from livelihood security issues closely related to his major, he also pays special attention to employment. "Some people are worried that the overall pressure of employment and postgraduate entrance examination will not last until next year." He noted that in the government work report, it was proposed that unreasonable restrictions on employment should be eliminated and measures to promote employment should be exhausted. The escort of national policies has made him more confident in his future employment.

　　According to the media survey of China Youth University, among the education-related topics, 59.2% of the respondents pay attention to the news about the enrollment expansion of graduate students and junior college students. Among them, girls (61.2%) pay more attention to further education than boys (54.8%).

　　Wang Niu mentioned "graduate enrollment expansion" many times. There are not many schools offering her major, and the number of students enrolled is also small. "Although the competition is fierce, I still hope that colleges and universities will expand their enrollment in majors with scarce talents in combination with market demand."

　　Economic development is closely related to the employment situation. Gao Mingyao of Harbin Institute of Technology has been paying close attention to the promotion of cultural tourism industry to economy. An investigation experience in the rural areas of Northeast China made him realize the promotion of cultural tourism industry to increase villagers’ income.

　　At the two sessions this year, Gao Mingyao was deeply impressed by the proposal of Huang Jiansheng, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and chairman of the Heilongjiang Provincial Political Consultative Conference. Committee member Huang Jiansheng’s proposal revolves around "seizing the opportunity of the Winter Olympics to develop ice and snow sports". Gao Mingyao said: "This is closely related to the development of my hometown. Heilongjiang people have always loved ice and snow sports, and there are also rich ice and snow resources here, which are suitable for the development of related cultural tourism industries. "

　　Social networks and television have become the main channels of concern, and public health has attracted attention.

　　According to the media survey of Zhongqing School, Weibo (70.99%) is the most used channel for college students to pay attention to the NPC and CPPCC, followed by TV (60.34%), WeChat WeChat official account (60.87%), mobile news App(39.82%), newspaper (18.33%), computer news website (16.18%), and some college students pass through Bili.

　　Influenced by the epidemic situation in COVID-19, college students paid more attention to epidemic prevention and control, public health, medical care and other related issues this year, ranking fourth among all topics.

　　Tong Yu, a sophomore at Fudan University, is concerned about epidemic prevention and control. "What are the conditions for taking off masks?" "What prevention and control measures will there be in the future?" Are topics of daily concern to him.

　　Wang Yinyi of shanghai dianji university mentioned the problem of medical reimbursement for college students. She was anxious to make an appointment for hospital treatment because of toothache. Later, when she went to the school hospital to open a transfer order, she found that the treatment fee could not be reimbursed because the hospital was not a designated medical insurance hospital. She hopes that the medical needs of college students will be paid more attention, "such as speeding up the appointment of HPV vaccine".

　　Wang Jingzi of northwest university of politics and law also locked the key words of this year’s two sessions in the topic related to HPV vaccine. "There are more and more people who know about HPV vaccine now, and the domestic vaccination routes are constantly improving, and the cost of vaccination is relatively reduced. Looking forward to the two sessions this year ‘ Incorporate HPV vaccine into the national immunization plan ’ Our suggestions can be seriously considered. " Wang Jingxi said.

　　College students are highly motivated to participate in social affairs discussions.

　　According to the survey of the media in China Youth University, college students are concerned about not only their study and life, but also all aspects of social life.

　　The issue of tackling poverty is closely related to many college students. Li Huawei, a doctoral student in communication at Wuhan University who is at home because of the epidemic, will focus on poverty alleviation in his hometown.

　　"Before someone lived in a dangerous house on the mountain. Now residents’ housing has been guaranteed and their living environment has been significantly improved. Neighbors recently brought a new car in full. " Li Weihua not only saw the improvement of the living standards of local residents, but also felt some problems still existing in the economic development of his hometown. "In my hometown, my father’s generation went out to work more, and the family’s economic income increased, but the local development was relatively backward." Li Huawei expects to see more measures on poverty alleviation in the two sessions, such as policy support, financial support and investment opportunities at the government level.

　　Because some family members are working in the front line of poverty alleviation, Lei Lei, a graduate student of Zhejiang University, is very concerned about how to get rid of poverty and tackle the problem. Lei Lei learned that due to the epidemic situation, some assistance work encountered difficulties. "On the one hand, how to successfully complete the task of getting rid of poverty and let poor households tide over the difficulties smoothly; On the other hand, it is to let poverty alleviation cadres invest in poverty alleviation without worries. "

　　When he participated in the "Three Rural Areas" activity last year, Liao Yangxin was responsible for recording local life with photos. In the photos he took, an old house built of yellow adobe was in sharp contrast with a two-story brick building. The two-story building is a new house built by the local government to help poor households, which is twice as high as the old house with the same second floor, and the alloy window frame is two or three times larger than the wooden window of the old house. "There, I can understand how poverty alleviation is implemented." Liao Yangxin said.

　　Among college students, the proportion of people who are concerned about housing issues accounts for 29.8%, among which boys (38.0%) are more concerned about housing than girls (26.0%).

　　Undergraduate students’ attention to entrepreneurship decreased with the increase of grade, and the proportion of freshmen to seniors was 13.3%, 11.2%, 11.2% and 5.3% respectively. In the postgraduate stage, the proportion of non-graduating students who pay attention to entrepreneurship is 1.8%, and the graduation grade pays special attention to entrepreneurship issues (14.3%).

　　In the fields of teachers’ morality, information security and so on, college students’ attention basically increases with age. Undergraduate freshmen and seniors pay 25.0%, 27.9%, 36.1% and 30.7% attention to the construction of teachers’ morality and style respectively, while non-graduate and graduate students pay 39.3% and 42.9% respectively. The relevant data of information security are 18.6%, 18.1%, 24.5%, 25.3%, 21.4% and 28.6% respectively. It can be seen that with the deepening of school education and the growth of students’ social experience, the awareness of personal information security is gradually enhanced.

　　Long Lingyu, a graduate student majoring in journalism and communication in China Communication University, said that he was very concerned about the review of the Civil Code. He once encountered online fraud, which made him realize the importance of formulating laws and regulations related to online fraud.

　　According to Zhang Han, a law major at Qingdao University, the formulation of the civil code is not only a matter of the legal profession, but also related to every aspect of everyone’s life. "For example, the draft Civil Code stipulates that App cannot excessively collect and process personal information in violation of laws and regulations. When using the network, each of us faces the risk of information leakage. It is related to the basic rights of individuals in the new technology era in the context of the Internet, big data and artificial intelligence. " Zhang Han said.

　　(At the request of the interviewee, Zhang Han and Lei Lei are pseudonyms.)

　　Zhongqingbao Zhongqingwang Trainee Reporter Cheng Si Bi Ruoxu Luo Xi Intern Liu Kaiyang Source: China Youth Daily

Original Hedgehog Chihuo Institute

Hamburg should be one of the most popular fast food in the world. Juicy, meaty and soft can be regarded as the basic standard of hamburger qualification.

This standard seems simple, but it is not so easy to achieve. Just a small hamburger embryo has many doorways.

01

Hamburger VS sandwich

/The distinction in China is not strict/

First of all, let’s distinguish between hamburgers and sandwiches. The main difference between them is the stuffing.

Traditional HamBurgers can be divided into hamburger and Burger：Hamburger only refers to hamburgers made of beef patties, while those made of other patties except beef are collectively called burger, without exception.

Strictly speaking, the ability to use patties is called hamburger | reserved photo.

Apart from patties, all other meats, fish, etc. (such as chicken legs, tuna, shrimps), no matter how much they look like hamburgers, are collectively called sandwiches. Perhaps this is why McDonald’s abroad doesn’t have a spicy chicken leg burger?

Mai spicy chicken leg burger is a favorite burger of many people in McDonald’s | Banana photo

However, in China, the distinction is not so strict, and hamburgers can also be "bread with everything". And if hamburgers want to be delicious, besides tender and juicy patties, hamburger embryos are also extremely important.

02

The emergence of hamburgers

/A foreign "snack legend"/

Josh Ozersky, a food writer, wrote in his book about hamburgers: "There is no doubt that no hamburger embryo means no hamburger, whether semantically or at any other level", which shows the importance of hamburger embryo.

Although there are similar "hamburgers" with bread and meat pies from time to time, it is said that it was not until 1916 that White Anderson, a chef from Kansas, invented a kind of bread with meat pies, and now the common hamburger embryos began to appear formally. This chef is also one of the partners of the later White Castle hamburger shop, and after the appearance of this shop, hamburgers began to be widely spread.

White Castle Burger Restaurant has a long history in the United States | Photo by the author

There is also White Castle in Shanghai, and the overall style is very American. Sauces and drinks are self-contained. Its hamburger is not round, the bottom of the bread is square, only the top is bulging, the texture is very soft, and the entrance is not dry. I quite like it. As for why hamburgers usually appear in a circular shape nowadays, I haven’t found the answer yet. Do any friends know?

This bread is soft and dry | Photo by the author

03

Common hamburger embryo

/You’ve eaten most of them/

Although hamburger embryos are just two small loaves of bread, different raw materials distinguish different hamburger embryos, so they have different tastes, advantages and disadvantages.

■ Basic Hamburg embryo (Plain Bun)

Basic bread embryo is the most common bread embryo in major hamburger chain stores and western restaurants, and the method is the simplest and most classic. Satisfied with softness, not soft collapse, and being able to properly absorb the sauce is a perfect basic hamburger embryo.

Basic Hamburg embryo | fujibakery.com.my

The basic bread embryo is directly called Bun in the United States and Bap in the United Kingdom. In addition to the different names, there are some differences in the production methods between the American version and the English version of hamburger blanks. The English version will add lard or butter to the hamburger blanks, while the American version will replace them with eggs or potato starch.

Of course, although it is basic, in the highly competitive hamburger world, different restaurants will have different secret recipes to make this basic hamburger embryo, such as using the changes of yeast fermentation to bring out different bread tastes and so on.

■ SesameSeed Bun

Sesame burger embryo was not the mainstream in the past. In the 1960s, the new york Times also commented that some restaurants used unusual and luxurious sesame burger embryo to upgrade their hamburgers.

By 1968, when McDonald’s promoted sesame burger embryo in TV advertisements, it began to be popular all over the country. Although McDonald’s still sells hamburgers with basic hamburger embryos, it has laid a tone: sesame hamburger embryos are a symbol of high-end hamburgers.

McDonald’s sesame burger embryo | reserved photo

In terms of taste, the sesame burger embryo is not different from the basic burger embryo except that it looks like there are more sesame seeds on the top. The sesame function on hamburger embryo is considered a mystery by many people, not for taste or seasoning. I guess, it’s probably for face value …

■ English Muffin

The full marks of McDonald’s breakfast come from English muffins, a common bread in Britain, while English muffins come from Germany (muffins, meaning "cupcakes").

English muffins are hard and dry, crunchy when bitten, which is very suitable for coffee and orange juice. On the basis of English muffins, whole wheat flour and corn flour are added to increase the chewiness, so wheat full marks are soft in texture, but very strong.

McDonald’s pig, willow, egg and wheat full marks | reserved photo

Except McDonald’s, all the breakfasts with Muffin in Hungry Jack’s are also made of this bread.

In addition to making hamburger embryos, English muffins are often paired with sweet ones, such as sauce and honey. Or salty, such as eggs, sausages, bacon, cheese and so on. Not only that, it is an important part of Benedict’s eggs and other sandwiches.

Benedict’s egg | reserved photo

■ Potato Roll

Unlike McDonald’s, KFC and other established burger chains, Shake Shack did not choose the basic or sesame style in the burger embryo, but chose the potato burger embryo.

Shake Shack has been using "Martin’s Potato Rolls" potato burger embryos since the first day it opened in Madison Square Garden, new york in 2004.

Shake Shack’s hamburger | reserved photo

Compared with the basic hamburger embryo, the potato hamburger embryo tastes more mixed, tastes whiter than bread, is very soft, and will not get wet while wrapping the meat pie to absorb gravy. Because mashed potatoes are added, the potato starch in the bread makes the bread embryo more elastic, which can keep fresh and moist even if it is left for a long time, and will not become fragile and dry like other hamburger embryos.

Mashed potato burger embryo is soft and elastic | reserved photo

But also because of this characteristic, potato burger embryo is relatively more suitable for thin burger.

Shake Shack’s single-story beef burger | reserved photo

■ Brioche Bun

Brio Hamburg embryo, also known as "Gourmet" Bread embryo, originated from France and was made of a large number of eggs and butter with golden and soft skin.

Burger King’s family used a burger with Brio bread | reserved photo

04

Other hamburger embryos

/How many kinds have you eaten? /

In addition to those common hamburger embryos, some restaurants or chain hamburger shops will also introduce some other types of bread hamburger embryos from time to time.

■ Ciabatta Bun

Italian hamburger embryo is actually Italian specialty bread Ciabatta, also called slipper bread.

The most basic Ciabatta consists of yeast, flour, olive oil and water. It is soft with big holes, crisp shell and soft inside, with strong olive oil flavor and strong wheat fragrance. Ciabatta has a great taste and flavor of bread, but as a hamburger embryo, it may be too hard for some people to bite.

Panini of KFC uses Ciabatta bread | reserved photo.

■ Kaiser roll

Caesar’s rolls are made of water, yeast, malt extract, salt and flour, with five pinwheels on the surface, which represent the crown, because it originated from the king of Germany.

Caesars rolls have a crisp shell and a moist inside without air holes, which is soft enough and thin enough as a hamburger embryo, but not heavy. However, bread is relatively easy to collapse and its taste is relatively simple.

Burgers made from Caesar rolls | seriouseats.com Joe Roy

■ Pretzel Bun with alkaline water.

Pretzel, a hamburger embryo, is baked only after passing through alkaline water, but it tastes strong and delicate, and its solid characteristics make it enough to hold patties of all thicknesses without worrying about overflowing juice. However, friends who don’t have a good mouth may think that this bread embryo is too hard to bite.

Hamburgers made with alkaline bread | mybizzykitchen.com

■ Onion Bun

The onion burger embryo is very similar to the basic version, which consists of a lot of eggs and oil, and onions from caramelization are added. If you are tired of eating the original hamburger embryo, this hamburger embryo full of onion flavor will be a very good choice.

Onion burger embryo with onion grains | 86eats.com

After reading so many hamburger embryos, have you figured out which one you like?

Original title: "Some hamburgers win first on bread! 》

Read the original text

Naomi emoticon pack

1905 movie network news In recent days, everyone’s Weibo and circle of friends must have been swept up by a girl named Naomi. After seeing that she stood out among a group of "standard" women’s team players with beautiful skin and long legs with her unique style, the magic painting style of Naomi fans who are growing stronger and stronger and known as "Tao Yuanming" also makes people want to stop. Today, "Tao Yuanming" taught passers-by a lesson with practical actions, what is rational idolize and what is Buddhist canvassing.

The reason is that a netizen named "Woman who makes Altman crazy" posted an article this morning insulting Naomi’s Weibo "101 Wang Ju is disgusting. I really can’t understand people who like Naomi at all. Black and fat. What are you holding? ? ? ？” Even if the swearing words have been filtered out, this kind of speech will still cause a large-scale rice circle attack, but since it meets "Tao Yuanming", everything will be different.

By 8: 25 pm on the 30th, "Tao Yuanming" and "Ju Wairen" had sent more than 60,000 reposts and more than 40,000 comments to this Weibo, and the style of painting in the comment area was very uniform:

Naomi fans responded to the war in Weibo.

Naomi fans responded to the war in Weibo.

It seems that the "Ju Yan Ju Yu" of "Tao Yuanming" has changed from the initial unity of mind:

Medium-term demonic brainwashing type:

It has been transformed into a "one-center" type of large-scale freestyle free battle, and the continuous emergence of rhyming fanatics in the comment area simply makes people feel that it is really a loss for Tao Yuanming not to participate in a new rap in China, and passers-by have been dumped by his talent.

Then, with such a magical Miss Naomi and her "Tao Yuanming", will you pick up?

　　Editor’s Note: Looking back at the 40-year history of reform and opening up, it is the period of rapid urbanization in China. The reform dividend has been greatly released in the process of urban development and citizenization of population, thus giving birth to a number of world-class big cities that China is proud of. With the spatial development boundary of many big cities facing the "ceiling", environmental pollution, traffic congestion and other big city diseases frequently occur, the "single soldier" path of urban development is out of date, and the marginal effect of reform is decreasing. Therefore, as early as the 11th Five-Year Plan, China proposed that urban agglomeration should be the main form to promote urbanization. As a result, the new path of urban development has become a trend. The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China further pointed out that urban agglomerations should be the main body to build an urban pattern of coordinated development of large, medium and small cities and small towns, and accelerate the urbanization of agricultural transfer population. In the new wave of reform and opening up, what reform dividends will the deepening urban agglomeration development strategy bring to China, and what kind of interest disputes and development dilemmas will it face? The editorial department of the semi-monthly talks organized an urban agglomeration research team before the National People’s Congress, and went to many places to learn about the latest trends of the development of major urban agglomerations and explore new ideas, new models, new paths and new hopes for the development of urban agglomerations.

　　Reconstruction of "New Map" of China Economy by Urban Agglomeration

　　Half-monthly discussion on urban agglomeration investigation team

　　With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization in China, the development pattern of urban agglomeration, as the main form of new urbanization, has begun to emerge, and has gradually become an important carrier and platform to lead China’s economic transformation and upgrading. Multi-dimensional urban integration is promoting the interconnection and coordinated integration of urban agglomerations, which not only optimizes the original urban system and pattern, but also brings more tangible sense of gain to the people.

　　The core that determines the future regional competitiveness

　　Urban agglomeration refers to a group of cities with compact spatial organization, close economic ties, and finally a high degree of urbanization and integration, which is formed by taking more than one mega-city as the core and at least three mega-cities as the constituent units and relying on developed infrastructure networks such as transportation and communication.

　　Fang Chuanglin, director of the Regional and Urban Planning Research Center of the Institute of Geographical Resources of China Academy of Sciences, pointed out that urban agglomeration is the mainstream and trend of urban development in the world today. At present, there are five recognized large-scale world-class urban agglomerations, such as the Atlantic coastal urban agglomeration with new york as the center, the Great Lakes urban agglomeration with Chicago as the center, and the Pacific coastal urban agglomeration with Tokyo as the center.

　　Globally, urban agglomeration has become a brand-new regional unit for countries to participate in world competition and international division of labor, which determines the new pattern of political and economic development in the 21st century, is an important carrier of the shift of world economic center of gravity, and is also the main position of competition between countries. According to the World Bank’s report "Reshaping World Economic Geography", half of the world’s production activities are concentrated on only about 1.5% of the world’s land area. Take the urban agglomeration along the Atlantic coast of the United States as an example. This urban agglomeration with an area of 60,000 square kilometers, accounting for 1.5% of its land area, has a population of 45 million, accounting for 20% of the total population of the United States; The manufacturing industry accounts for 30% of the country’s total output value, and it is the largest production base, commercial and trade center in the United States and the largest international financial center in the world.

　　Nowadays, the construction of urban agglomerations in China is advancing rapidly, and the development pattern has initially taken shape. According to the relevant national planning, urban agglomeration is the main form of new urbanization, and the development priorities of the three major urban agglomerations in the eastern region and several urban agglomerations in the central and western regions are defined, with emphasis on the development of urban agglomerations such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Chengdu-Chongqing, Central Plains, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and Harbin-Changzhou. Judging from the development degree, the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomerations are relatively mature, and their comprehensive development level has an absolute advantage, representing the highest form of urban agglomeration development in China.

　　Zhang Xueliang, deputy secretary-general of the China Association for Regional Science and vice president of the School of Urban and Regional Science of Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, believes that urban agglomeration is the core that determines the future regional competitiveness and will become the "main engine" of China’s development. The reason is that China’s regional economy is changing from "plate economy" to "urban agglomeration economy", and all kinds of production factors and economic activities are gathering in the central city and the urban areas around the central city. In 2013, 23 urban agglomerations in China, accounting for 28.9% of the country’s land area, gathered 63.8% of the country’s population and created 85.7% of the regional GDP.

　　"polymerization effect" has become a new kinetic energy to stimulate transformation.

　　"Our Taifu reloads more than 80% of employees’ homes in Changsha, and the company sends 8 buses to and from Changsha and Xiangtan every day to pick up and drop off employees." Xie Fangli, vice president of Taifu Heavy Equipment Group, headquartered in Xiangtan National Economic Development Zone, told reporters that as Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan entered the "half-hour commuting circle", there were more and more cross-city office workers in the three cities. The development of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration in Hunan Province is getting better and better, and the integration and synergy effect are obvious. No matter the economic aggregate, growth rate and development quality, it ranks in the forefront of Hunan Province, achieving the effect of "1+1+1>3".

　　The "agglomeration effect" of urban agglomeration is becoming a new kinetic energy to promote China’s economic transformation and a "strong engine" to stimulate urban innovation in the region. In the Yangtze River Delta, the "Shanghai-Jiaxing-Hangzhou G60 Science and Technology Corridor", which aims to create an influential scientific and technological innovation highland in the world, is fully promoting its construction. Shanghai has the leading capability of scientific and technological innovation in China, and Hangzhou is building a globally influential "internet plus" innovation and entrepreneurship center, with G60 Expressway as the link, Shanghai and Hangzhou as the dual core, and Jiaxing as the supporting area, breaking administrative divisions, promoting the free flow and optimal allocation of scientific and technological elements such as talents, funds, devices and projects, and the resulting innovation ecosystem and industrial cluster effect have become the key to the rapid rise of the region and maintaining sustainable development. The data shows that the added value of information economy in Hangzhou in 2016 was 268.8 billion yuan, contributing more than 50% to the city’s GDP growth.

　　The practice of "Shanghai-Jiaxing-Hangzhou G60 Science and Technology Corridor" is only the epitome of industrial transformation and upgrading in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration. Urban agglomeration has become an important growth pole of regional economy, which will reconstruct the "new map" of economy and support China’s sustained economic development in the future.

　　On the Guangzhou-Shenzhen Expressway with a length of more than 100 kilometers, there are a number of leading enterprises in the industry and "Gazelle Enterprises" with good growth and leaping development trend. Eight local Fortune 500 companies have taken root here, and world-renowned companies such as Tencent, Huawei, ZTE, DJI and OPPO have thrived here. These star enterprises are like pearls, strung together an innovative "necklace".

　　Yuan Jun, vice president of Guangdong Academy of Social Sciences, pointed out that with the development of 40 years of reform and opening up, the Guangzhou-Shenzhen axis region, which is based on Guangzhou-Shenzhen expressway and rail transit, has gathered innovative elements such as high-tech talents, technology, information and capital, and initially formed the Guangzhou-Shenzhen innovation economic belt. In the future, more new technologies and new ideas will be integrated across the border in this innovation corridor, forming a super-industrial cluster with "blood" and becoming a sample of national innovation and development.

　　The "community of urban destiny" is beginning to take shape.

　　Many places are accelerating integration from multiple dimensions, trying to break down institutional and institutional barriers such as administrative divisions, and promoting inter-city interconnection and collaborative integration, and the "same city effect" is becoming increasingly apparent.

　　As a symbol of China’s sharing economy, the birthplace of bike-sharing is the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration. The reporter found in an interview with the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration that the connotation of sharing economy is constantly expanding, from the earliest bike-sharing and shared houses to a higher field and level.

　　For example, sharing scientific and technological innovation resources. Under the guidance of the Ministry of Science and Technology, three provinces and one city in the Yangtze River Delta jointly launched the "Yangtze River Delta large-scale scientific instruments cooperation and sharing network". There are 1479 units and 17081 sets of large-scale scientific instruments and facilities with a value of more than 300,000 yuan in Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui, with a total value of 18.274 billion yuan, which effectively reduces the repeated investment in scientific research funds and experimental equipment purchase in the region.

　　In the shared factory based on the Internet, new entrants can entrust the existing capacity processing and manufacturing without building their own factories in the case of overall excess manufacturing capacity. Yuan Wei, general manager of Alibaba’s "Amoy Factory" business, said that sharing factories will commercialize the factory’s production capacity and rationally distribute production, which will help promote industry competition to turn to industry cooperation.

　　In addition to transportation integration, urban agglomerations also actively explore the integration of medical and health care, ecological and environmental protection and other fields. For example, Jiaxing and three medical institutions in Shanghai have established a cooperative relationship of peer-to-peer medical insurance network settlement, and the insured citizens can pay by credit card in hospitals in Shanghai through system direct connection. In order to solve the persistent problem of air pollution, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region has accelerated the replacement of coal with electricity and gas, and achieved the "zero clearing" of loose coal. The average concentration of PM2.5 decreased by about 33% in 2016 compared with 2013.

　　The awareness of "dividing land into three parts per acre" among cities has been further broken, and coordinated development is getting better and better. Hebei Province has successively undertaken more than 12,000 industrial transfer projects such as advanced equipment manufacturing in Beijing and Tianjin, new generation information technology and modern trade logistics, and the investment of Beijing enterprises in Tianjin and Hebei has exceeded 200 billion yuan. "Industrial synergy is the substantive content and key support for the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei." Zhang Junkuo, deputy director of the State Council Development Research Center, said that Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei are working together to build a community of urban destiny with coordinated development through industrial complementarity and integration. (Half-monthly talk about urban agglomeration research team: Fang Lie Liu Liangheng He Xinrong Xu Xuzhong Li Junyi Juck Zhang Bai Mingshan Zhao Ruixi)

　　The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on the Beijing Urban Master Plan (2016 — The reply of "2035)" proposes to do a good job in protecting historical and cultural cities and shaping urban characteristics. The old city can no longer be demolished, and it should be guaranteed by vacating and restoring construction. The picture shows tourists visiting Xin Li in Qianmen Street, Beijing.

　　The development of urban agglomeration cannot lose its "soul"

　　Half-monthly discussion on urban agglomeration investigation team

　　For a long time, the construction of urban agglomerations in China has always tended to attach importance to economy and neglect culture. Although the economic aggregate and transportation infrastructure have taken on a new look, the development of cultural soft power has lagged behind, and urban construction has lost its soul, which seriously restricts the sustainable development of urban agglomerations. Experts and scholars call on China to reverse the development path of urban agglomerations that emphasize economy and neglect culture, cultivate the cultural mechanism of urban agglomerations with distinct hierarchical system and active coordination, rebuild and revive the "small traditional culture" in different regions, enhance the cohesion of cultural identity, and build a "culturally confident urban agglomeration".

　　More than 600 cities have basically lost their individuality.

　　"Our more than 600 cities have basically lost their individuality, with vague context and vague memories, fragmented historical remains and chaotic cultural symbols." Feng Jicai, a famous writer, commented. Wu Liangyong, an academician of the two academies, also pointed out that the lack of personality is the biggest drawback of urban construction in China.

　　Mentioning the old railway station in Jinan is a pain that haunts the hearts of Jinan citizens. This railway station, which was built in 1904, was the only Gothic building community station in the world and the largest railway station in Asia at that time. It was once listed in the architectural textbooks of Tsinghua and Tongji, and was also listed as the first stop in the Far East by Travel in the Far East published by West Germany after the war. In 1992, the railway station was demolished to expand the station yard.

　　The fate of the old railway station in Jinan is only a microcosm of the destruction of historical sites and the cutting of urban context in the process of urbanization. This kind of phenomenon is also staged in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei. Chen Ming, deputy director of the Regional Planning Institute of China Urban Planning and Design Institute, revealed that with the outward expansion of Beijing’s urban areas, Tianjin and Hebei have moved closer to Beijing, and a large number of industrial parks and residential quarters have been laid out, forming an "iron fence" around Beijing. In this process, the historical and cultural corridors distributed here have been damaged to varying degrees, and many historical relics have disappeared.

　　According to statistics, about 44,000 ancient sites, temples and other cultural relics in China have disappeared, and a quarter of the remains still preserved are in a state of dilapidated maintenance. Many sites have not been protected and have been demolished in new construction projects. More than 3,500 cultural sites have been destroyed in Shaanxi Province alone.

　　On the one hand, it wantonly destroys historical sites, and on the other hand, it is keen to build high-rise buildings and move to foreign buildings, resulting in a "thousand cities on one side" of the city, many of which are grotesque and charming. Many cities have planned to build residential communities and "characteristic towns" with North American and European customs, and they have been crowned with foreign names: Florence Town, Paris Mansion, California Garden, Manhattan Plaza and so on.

　　Culture is the "lubricant" of inter-city communication.

　　What is even more worrying is that the development path of "emphasizing economy and neglecting culture" leads to unbalanced development, which seriously restricts the sustainable development of urban agglomerations. Fan Zhou, dean of the Institute of Cultural Development of Communication University of China, pointed out that the ideal urban agglomeration is an urban community with a reasonable hierarchical system in terms of population, economy, society, culture and overall structure, and complementary functions and good coordination mechanisms in terms of spatial boundaries, resource allocation, industrial division of labor and cultural exchanges. "In fact, culture, as the soul of a city, can play a unique role in highlighting the humanistic characteristics of the city and enhancing the cultural identity of the city." Fan Zhou said.

　　Cannes, a famous French city, was once a small fishing village. In 1939, France established the Cannes Film Festival to fight against the Venice International Film Festival controlled by the Italian fascist regime at that time, which put Cannes on the fast track of urban development. After decades of development, Cannes International Film Festival has become one of the four largest and most important film festivals in the world, attracting more than 300,000 people every year, bringing great economic benefits and good reputation to the city. Cannes has thus become a world famous city. Around the world, Paris, Vienna, Stockholm … … And the list goes on.

　　"Culture has the characteristics of high added value and high penetration. It is an important thrust for industrial integration to be related to finance, grafted with technology and symbiotic with the Internet." Fan Zhou pointed out that the integration of culture and economy has become an inevitable trend and a new growth point for the economic development of urban agglomerations. Take Hangzhou as an example. In recent years, represented by its unique Liangzhu culture, silk culture, tea culture and many stories and legends handed down, Hangzhou has paid attention to the natural transition between traditional streets and modern life, and formed a unique external cultural understanding of "Qiantang Prosperity" and "Leisure and Elegance", which has promoted the competitiveness of urban culture.

　　Peng Jinsong, deputy director of the Institute of Urban Development of Chongqing Academy of Social Sciences, believes that the transaction cost or friction cost of urban agglomerations formed on the basis of culture will be reduced in factor flow, commodity trading and other social interactions, which is conducive to maintaining the development and normal operation of urban agglomerations. For example, the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, the west side of the Taiwan Strait, Chengdu and Chongqing are supported by Wuyue culture, Lingnan culture, Minnan culture and Bashu culture respectively, which play a vital role in enhancing cultural identity and cohesion among cities.

　　Fill the "cultural gap" and build the "soul of the city"

　　Liu Shilin, president of the Urban Science Research Institute of Shanghai Jiaotong University, suggested that in the face of the "lack of culture" of urban agglomerations, China should reverse the development path of urban agglomerations that "emphasize economy and neglect culture", promote the innovation of urban planning theory, methods, institutional mechanisms and the protection of laws and regulations, effectively protect and inherit the urban context, and strive to build a "culturally confident urban agglomeration".

　　Do a good job in top-level design, strengthen policies and mechanisms and legal protection. Based on the inherent laws of cultural construction in the process of urbanization, we will constantly improve various laws, regulations, supporting policies and rules and regulations such as cultural relics, ancient buildings, protection of historical blocks, protection and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage, and establish an institutional system for urban cultural protection and cultural heritage.

　　Promote the innovation of urban planning theory, method and system and mechanism. It is suggested that the relevant state departments should take the lead in selecting experts from traditional disciplines such as literature, history, linguistics, philosophy, art and sociology, as well as emerging disciplines such as urban science, cultural studies and cultural industries, and carry out in-depth basic theoretical research, so as to develop a standard system of cultural planning in China corresponding to the international community, and provide scientific theory and strategic guidance for the planning and construction of urban agglomerations in China.

　　Adhere to overall coordination and integrate social resources. It is necessary to fully mobilize social forces and private capital to participate in urban cultural protection and cultural heritage. Realize the integration of resources and channels and the diversification of cultural protection and inheritance subjects and methods. It is necessary to make full use of emerging technologies such as the Internet, big data and cloud computing to realize the creative transformation of traditional culture and make urban culture "live".

　　In addition, establish a scientific evaluation mechanism to realize dynamic management. It is necessary to establish a dynamic tracking management mechanism before, during and after the event, do a good job in statistical monitoring and performance evaluation, and constantly adjust management methods and policies and measures according to the evaluation feedback. (Half-monthly talk about urban agglomeration research team: Fang Lie Liu Liangheng He Xinrong Xu Xuzhong Li Junyi Juck Zhang Bai Mingshan Zhao Ruixi)

　　This is Shenzhen Futian Mangrove Nature Reserve located in the hinterland of the city. The beautiful environment benefits from industrial innovation and institutional innovation. The high-standard green economic system and the closed-loop reform of the ecological civilization system have enabled Shenzhen’s "ecological dividend" to be released. Photo by Wang Xiaodan

　　To cure "serious illness", it is necessary to build a "green urban agglomeration"

　　Half-monthly discussion on urban agglomeration investigation team

　　Because of the large-scale population and economic activities in urban agglomeration, environmental pollution and other "big city diseases" are increasingly prominent. On the practical level, there are some problems in the environmental collaborative governance system of urban agglomerations in China, such as imperfect laws and regulations, lack of authority in the collaborative mechanism and insufficient participation of social forces. Therefore, it is necessary to reshape the pattern of coordinated environmental governance of urban agglomerations, such as source control, open cooperation and multi-governance, in order to reverse the deterioration trend of urban agglomerations’ environment.

　　"serious illness" of urban agglomeration

　　"The smog in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region has been too heavy in recent years. My wife and I are particularly worried that the health of children will be affected. After a long hesitation, we finally made up our minds to leave Beijing. " Zeng Cheng, 32, gave up his decent job in a financial central enterprise two years ago, and married with children came to Shenzhen to start over. He said that although it was necessary to move, the whole family felt comfortable now.

　　According to "2016 China Environmental Status Bulletin" issued by the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the proportion of excellent days in 13 cities at or above the prefecture level in that year ranged from 35.8% to 78.7%, and the average proportion of days exceeding the standard was as high as 43.2%. Among the 74 monitoring cities, 10 cities with relatively poor ambient air quality accounted for 6 in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei.

　　In addition to smog, acid rain pollution in some urban agglomerations cannot be underestimated. According to the monitoring of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the acid rain area in China was about 690,000 square kilometers in 2016, accounting for 7.2% of the land area. It is worth noting that these acid rain pollution "hardest hit areas" are highly overlapped with urban agglomerations such as the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, Chengdu-Chongqing and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.

　　Today’s environmental protection management can’t go it alone. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the relevant ministries and commissions of the state issued intensive regulations and policies on environmental cooperative governance of urban agglomerations. In 2012, the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution in Key Areas was issued, which requires the establishment of a joint prevention and control mechanism for regional air pollution in key urban agglomerations such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta.

　　In addition to the top-level design launched by the central government and ministries, the cooperation between local governments has been deepened, and multi-level inter-city cooperation mechanisms have been established in urban agglomerations such as the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, Chengdu-Chongqing and Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan, Hunan. For example, Guangzhou and Foshan have continuously improved the regional environmental monitoring network, jointly promoted the construction of the water environmental quality monitoring network, determined the monitoring norms of cross-border river basins, and informed each other of the water quality monitoring data of cross-border sections.

　　During the interview in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan, the local cadres and the masses talked about Hunan’s protection of Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan’s "green heart". Lvxin is located in the junction of Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan, covering an area of 522.87 square kilometers. This area is full of low hills, lush vegetation and lush. At one time, under the guidance of the thinking of "space city", the urban boundaries of the three cities continued to expand, and the green heart was once eroded and eroded, shrinking year by year. Decision-makers in Hunan have gradually realized that making use of the location advantage of Green Heart to become a "green wedge" between Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan urban agglomerations can effectively prevent the spread and expansion of the three cities. After that, starting with the planning and legislative guarantee, Hunan successively issued the Master Plan for the Ecological Green Heart Area of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration and the Regulations on the Protection of the Ecological Green Heart of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan in Hunan Province, which kept this precious green space in the middle of the urban agglomeration.

　　Although the progress of joint prevention and control of ecological environment in China’s urban agglomerations is obvious, it is still far from enough, and it has not yet stepped out of the dilemma of "one side controls the pollution, and where there is a problem, where there is a problem". The cooperation between some local governments only stays in words and on paper, and has not really turned into joint action.

　　Beijing borders Huailai County, Zhangjiakou City, with an administrative boundary line of 115 kilometers. "Taking the mountain as the boundary, one mountain is worth two days. You don’t need to look at the road signs. If there are fewer and fewer trees on the mountain, you will go out of the Beijing boundary and get pregnant." People in Huailai County often say this to Beijing tourists. In addition to the drought and lack of rain as we go northward, the financial input standard of afforestation and forest protection is an important reason. "The financial investment of planting an acre of land in the mountains in Yanqing District of Beijing is 8,000 yuan. It is good for Huailai to take out 800 yuan." A garden worker in Huailai County revealed. In fact, as an ecological conservation area in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, Huailai County does not neglect ecological protection, but the difference in investment is determined by financial strength and economic level.

　　Chen Ming, deputy director of the Regional Planning Institute of China Urban Planning and Design Institute, said that the root cause of the above phenomenon mainly lies in administrative division, the coordination mechanism within urban agglomerations has not been straightened out, and the authority of the coordination agencies is insufficient, which leads to the administrative subjects acting in their own way and constraining each other. In addition, the existing environmental laws and regulations in China have not yet defined the main body and power and responsibility of environmental governance in urban agglomerations, and it is difficult to ensure the implementation of inter-city cooperation, which weakens the effectiveness of cooperation policies.

　　"The internal environmental protection standards of urban agglomerations are different, with obvious differences, relatively simple policy means, mostly mandatory means, lack of economic regulatory and encouraging policies, and poor social participation." Li Yue, a professor at the Party School of Changsha Municipal Committee, said.

　　How to build a "green urban agglomeration"

　　Environmental cooperative governance of urban agglomeration is a cross-administrative collective action based on common destiny and common development, which needs to coordinate and balance the interests of all parties and form an institutionalized and standardized cooperative mechanism. In this regard, some exploration experiences at home and abroad are worth learning.

　　First, balance the interest relationship between the environmental protection contribution areas and the environmental protection benefit areas within the urban agglomeration. Wang Kexiu, a professor at the Department of Economics Teaching and Research at the Party School of Hunan Provincial Party Committee, said that the interest compensation mechanism should be based on the principle of "polluters pay, managers benefit, and beneficiaries compensate". For example, the improvement of Changsha’s environment needs the support of upstream cities such as Zhuzhou and Xiangtan. If Changsha and the upstream cities can reach an interest compensation mechanism, it will accelerate the whole process of environmental improvement in the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration and Xiangjiang River basin.

　　Second, enhance the authority and enforcement of the environmental collaborative governance mechanism. For example, in the process of controlling ozone pollution in Los Angeles urban agglomeration, the United States has established a joint prevention and control mechanism of regional air pollution with unified planning, monitoring, supervision, evaluation and coordination. Several states in the northeastern United States have also jointly established the Ozone Transport Association (OTC), which is composed of state representatives and members of the Environmental Protection Agency, and is responsible for setting regional emission reduction targets for volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides and supervising their implementation.

　　Third, give play to the decisive role of the market in the allocation of environmental resources in urban agglomerations and build a multi-incentive and restraint mechanism. For example, taking the property rights of resources and environment as the core, we should improve the system of paid use of resources, levy carbon tax on enterprises with high pollution and high energy consumption, implement the system of pollutant discharge permit and emission trading, force the industrial transformation and upgrading in urban agglomerations, and improve the ecological compensation mechanism in urban agglomerations.

　　Fourth, enhance public participation and strengthen law enforcement. "In the formulation of environmental legislation and standards, the United States has provided smooth channels of participation and supervision mechanisms for the government, enterprises, media and non-governmental organizations, and formed effective public supervision, thus promoting the government’s determination and strength in governance." Greg Yarwood, a member of the Scientific Advisory Committee of the Clean Air Research Program of the US Environmental Protection Agency, believes that although many urban agglomerations in China are different from those in Los Angeles and other places in the United States, the governance process also needs the attention and full cooperation of the government, enterprises and the public. (Half-monthly talk about urban agglomeration research team: Fang Lie Liu Liangheng He Xinrong Xu Xuzhong Li Junyi Juck Zhang Bai Mingshan Zhao Ruixi)

　　Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era clearly stated that the overall goal of comprehensively promoting the rule of law is to build a legal system in Socialism with Chinese characteristics and a socialist country ruled by law. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Putting forward this general goal not only clarifies the nature and direction of comprehensively promoting the rule of law, but also highlights the work focus and overall grasp of comprehensively promoting the rule of law." On the new journey, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, we should deeply understand and grasp the scientific connotation and significance of comprehensively promoting the overall goal of governing the country according to law, unswervingly follow the road of rule of law in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and push forward the construction of rule of law in China in the new era to create a new situation.

　　Grasp the scientific connotation of the overall goal of comprehensively promoting the rule of law

　　The rule of law leads to the prosperity of the country, and the decline of the rule of law leads to national chaos. Governing the country according to law in an all-round way is the essential requirement and important guarantee of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and it is a profound revolution in state governance. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has positioned, laid out and enforced the rule of law from the strategic height of adhering to and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and strengthened the top-level design for comprehensively promoting the rule of law. Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era clearly stated that the overall goal of comprehensively promoting the rule of law is to build a legal system in Socialism with Chinese characteristics and a socialist country ruled by law, which has pointed out the direction for the people of all ethnic groups in China to build a legal China under the strong leadership of the Party.

　　In the great practice of leading the rule of law in an all-round way and building a China ruled by law, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core profoundly answered a series of important questions such as why and how to govern the country in an all-round way in the new era from the aspects of linking history with reality, linking international and domestic relations, and combining theory with practice, and put forward a series of new ideas, new ideas and new strategies for governing the country in an all-round way according to law, and created the Supreme Leader’s thought of ruling by law. It is an important content of the supreme leader’s rule of law thought to clearly and comprehensively promote the general goal of governing the country according to law. Under the scientific guidance of the supreme leader’s thought on the rule of law, we have made overall plans to promote the reform in the field of the rule of law around the overall goal of comprehensively promoting the rule of law, and promoted historic achievements and changes in China’s socialist rule of law construction.

　　The Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee explained the scientific connotation of the general goal of building Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s legal system and building a socialist country ruled by law, that is, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, adhering to the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system and implementing Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s theory of the rule of law, forming a complete system of legal norms, an efficient implementation system of the rule of law, a strict supervision system of the rule of law and a strong guarantee system of the rule of law, Adhere to the rule of law, rule of law and administration according to law, adhere to the integration of a country ruled by law, a government ruled by law and a society ruled by law, realize scientific legislation, strict law enforcement, fair justice and law-abiding for the whole people, and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. Building Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s legal system and building a socialist country ruled by law are complementary, which embodies the inherent requirements of upholding and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics. Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s rule of law system is essentially the legal manifestation of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s system, the backbone project of national governance system and the basic project of socialist rule of law construction. To build a country ruled by law, we should focus on solving outstanding problems in the field of the rule of law, better promote the construction of the rule of law system in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, improve the ability and level of comprehensively governing the country according to law, and realize scientific legislation, strict law enforcement, fair justice and law-abiding for all people.

　　Clarify the great significance of comprehensively promoting the overall goal of governing the country according to law

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "To advance any work, as long as our party takes a clear-cut stand and the whole party takes action, the whole society will follow." Clarifying the overall goal of comprehensively promoting the rule of law is of great significance for comprehensively promoting the rule of law. The overall goal of comprehensively promoting the rule of law is put forward by our party with a clear understanding of the historical stage of China’s development, a profound analysis of the new changes in the situation at home and abroad, and a response to the new expectations of the broad masses of the people. It is of great strategic significance.

　　Highlight our party’s firm determination to promote the construction of socialist rule of law. Building Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s legal system and building a socialist country ruled by law is an important choice made by profoundly summing up the successful experience and profound lessons of China’s socialist legal construction. Our party deeply understands that the rule of law is the basic way to govern the country. To achieve economic development, political clarity, cultural prosperity, social justice and good ecology, we must give full play to the leading and regulating role of the rule of law. Clearly and comprehensively promoting the overall goal of governing the country according to law fully embodies the party’s strong will and determination to unswervingly implement the basic strategy of governing the country according to law and unswervingly lead the people to build a socialist country ruled by law, which shows that the party’s ability to lead and govern the country by using the rule of law has been significantly enhanced.

　　Clarify the nature and direction of comprehensively promoting the rule of law. Direction determines the road, and the road determines fate. Taking one’s own road is the whole theoretical and practical foothold of the party, and it is also the historical conclusion drawn by the party’s hundred years of struggle. To comprehensively promote the rule of law, we must take the right path. If you go the wrong way, it is meaningless to ask for any more requirements and measures. The road of rule of law in Socialism with Chinese characteristics embodies the achievements and experience of socialist rule of law construction, is the only correct way to build a socialist country ruled by law, and fundamentally ensures the correct direction of socialist rule of law construction in China. The rule of law in Socialism with Chinese characteristics is a general thing. Specifically speaking, there are dozens of achievements in the construction of the rule of law in China, large and small, but it boils down to opening up the road of the rule of law in Socialism with Chinese characteristics. Taking building Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s legal system and building a socialist country ruled by law as the overall goal of comprehensively promoting the rule of law shows our party’s firm confidence in taking the road of rule of law in Socialism with Chinese characteristics and points out the correct direction of comprehensively promoting the rule of law.

　　Highlight the work focus and overall grasp of comprehensively promoting the rule of law. Promoting the rule of law in an all-round way involves many aspects, and the work is complicated. In order to make the work of comprehensively promoting the rule of law efficiently organized and carried out in an orderly manner, there must be a general grasp of the overall situation and the traction of all parties. Focusing on this general grasp to plan and comprehensively promote the work of governing the country according to law will have the effect of "citing its outline and seeing everything". The general goal is to build the rule of law system in Socialism with Chinese characteristics. The construction of the rule of law system in Socialism with Chinese characteristics is an original and epochal concept put forward by our party. We must seize this general grasp, speed up the formation of a complete system of legal norms, an efficient implementation system of the rule of law, a strict supervision system of the rule of law, and a strong guarantee system of the rule of law, form a perfect system of inner-party laws and regulations, and constantly create a new situation of comprehensively governing the country according to law.

　　Promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity on the track of rule of law. The rule of law is an important support for the national governance system and governance capacity. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Looking at the modern and contemporary history of the world, there is no country that has successfully realized modernization that has not solved the problems of rule of law and rule of man. On the contrary, although some countries once achieved rapid development, they did not successfully enter the threshold of modernization, but fell into one kind or another ‘ Trap ’ There has been a situation in which economic and social development has stagnated or even regressed. The latter situation is largely related to the lack of rule of law. " To realize the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, we must comprehensively promote the rule of law, effectively ensure the systematicness, standardization and coordination of the national governance system, and maximize social consensus. Defining the construction of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s rule of law system and a socialist country ruled by law as the overall goal of comprehensively promoting the rule of law reflects the inevitable requirements of the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, greatly enhances the effectiveness of the rule of law in promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, and constantly consolidates the rule of law foundation of "the rule of China".

　　Promote the rule of law in China to a new level.

　　At present, the great changes in the world that have never happened in a century are accelerating, and China is in a critical period to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The task of reform, development and stability is arduous and arduous. The more the cause of the party and the state develops, the more it needs to thoroughly implement the supreme leader’s thought of rule of law, unswervingly follow the road of rule of law in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, better promote the construction of the rule of law system in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, build the foundation, exercise the power and accumulate the potential of rule of law, give full play to the role of rule of law in consolidating the foundation, stabilizing expectations and benefiting the long term, build a socialist country ruled by law, and provide a strong guarantee for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　Unswervingly follow the road of rule of law in Socialism with Chinese characteristics. Whether the great event of comprehensively promoting the rule of law can be done well depends on whether the direction is correct and whether the political guarantee is strong. Socialism with Chinese characteristics system is the fundamental institutional basis of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s legal system, and Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s legal system is an important part of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s system. We must firmly grasp the nature of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, unswervingly follow the road of rule of law in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, correctly handle the relationship between politics and rule of law, reform and rule of law, rule of law and rule of virtue, rule of law and rule of law, and be particularly clear-headed and firm on major issues such as upholding the party’s overall leadership and ensuring that the people are masters of the country. Always adhere to the people as the center, adhere to the rule of law for the people, rely on the people, benefit the people, and protect the people, and implement the embodiment of people’s interests, reflect people’s wishes, safeguard people’s rights and interests, and enhance people’s well-being throughout the construction of the rule of law system.

　　Accelerate legislation in key areas. We will promote the establishment and improvement of a legal system that is urgently needed for national governance and meets the people’s growing needs for a better life, actively promote legislation in important areas such as national security, scientific and technological innovation, public health, biosafety, ecological civilization, and risk prevention, and accelerate the pace of legislation in the fields of digital economy, internet finance, artificial intelligence, big data, and cloud computing. Further focus on the people’s urgent problems and strengthen legislation in the field of people’s livelihood. By improving the legal system, efforts will be made to solve outstanding problems such as telecommunication network fraud and new drug crimes, which are strongly reflected by the people. Accelerate the revision of the anti-monopoly law and the anti-unfair competition law, and standardize the order of the socialist market economy.

　　Deepen the reform in the field of rule of law. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "At present, there are some prominent contradictions and problems in the field of rule of law because the reform has not been fully put in place." We should focus on making the people feel fair and just in every legal system, every law enforcement decision and every judicial case, deepen the comprehensive reform of the judicial system, and accelerate the construction of a fair, efficient and authoritative socialist judicial system. We will improve the system of social fairness, justice and the rule of law, and strengthen power restriction and supervision. Accelerate the construction of a systematic, standardized and efficient law enforcement and judicial supervision system to ensure that all aspects and the whole process of law enforcement and justice are carried out under effective supervision. We will improve the training system for talents under the rule of law, deepen the reform of the management system for law enforcement and judicial personnel, and rectify the education of political and legal personnel, so as to provide a strong organizational guarantee for building a socialist country ruled by law.

　　Safeguard national interests by means of the rule of law. The rule of law is an important part of a country’s core competitiveness. As China approaches the center of the world stage, we must speed up the strategic layout of foreign-related rule of law work, coordinate and promote domestic governance and international governance, and better safeguard national sovereignty, security and development interests. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has promoted the domestic rule of law and foreign-related rule of law as a whole, and used the rule of law to carry out international struggles, effectively safeguarding the interests of the country and the people. It is necessary to strengthen legislation in foreign-related fields, further improve laws and regulations against sanctions, interference and "long-arm jurisdiction", and promote the construction of a legal system for extraterritorial application in China. Incorporate the expansion of law enforcement and judicial cooperation into an important issue in the construction of bilateral and multilateral relations, and enhance the judicial efficiency of foreign-related law enforcement. Strengthen the training of foreign-related legal talents. Actively participate in the formulation of international rules and promote the formation of a fair and reasonable international rules system.

　　Strengthen the theoretical research and publicity of the rule of law. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Socialism with Chinese characteristics has made historic achievements in the construction of the rule of law system, which shows the practical power of the supreme leader’s rule of law thought. On the new journey, to write a new chapter of comprehensively promoting the rule of law, we must persist in arming our minds, guiding practice and promoting work with the supreme leader’s rule of law thought. Strengthen the study and propaganda of the supreme leader’s thought of rule of law, strengthen the research and interpretation of the original concept, judgment, category and theory of rule of law in China, and strengthen the construction of discipline system, academic system and discourse system of law with China characteristics. Promote the supreme leader’s rule of law thoughts into textbooks, classrooms and minds. Summarize the construction of China’s rule of law system and practical experience of the rule of law, expound the excellent traditional rule of law culture, tell the story of China’s rule of law, and enhance the international influence and discourse power of China’s rule of law system and theory.

　　People’s Daily (April 20, 2022, 09 edition)

　　As a kind of food, it is praised by puffer fish diners as the freshest in the world. In ancient times, there was a saying that "you don’t eat puffer fish, you don’t know the taste of fish". At the same time, puffer fish itself is highly toxic. These extreme characteristics cast a mysterious veil over the consumption of puffer fish.

　　Recently, however, a reporter from Beijing Youth Daily found on a large domestic e-commerce platform that many local products merchants are selling dried puffer fish, and the price ranges from 30 yuan to 60 yuan per catty. Shops all claim that the dried puffer fish is a wild puffer fish caught by fishermen, and the dried puffer fish has been treated innocuously.

　　In view of this phenomenon, experts from the puffer fish branch of China Fisheries Association said that at present, all the sales of wild puffer fish are prohibited in China, and the sales of dried puffer fish are not recognized internationally.

　　phenomenon

　　Dianshang platform xian wild puffer fish jerky

　　"Wild dried puffer fish", "non-toxic dried puffer fish" and "detoxified head and viscera" … … Recently, the reporter of Beiqing Daily found that many local products merchants on a large domestic e-commerce platform were selling dried puffer fish. As long as you enter "dried puffer fish" in the platform search, you can retrieve dozens of dried puffer fish caught and produced by your own workshops, and the price ranges from 30 yuan to 60 yuan per catty. Many merchants also directly write "wild puffer fish" in the product name.

　　The monthly sales of "wild dried puffer fish" in a "Lexian Seafood" store in Nantong, Jiangsu Province have exceeded 100. The salesperson inside the store told the reporter of Beiqing Daily that these puffer fish were "dried by fishermen themselves" and "all of them have been processed and can be safely eaten".

　　Another "Xingfeng Dry Goods" store in Shanwei, Guangdong Province is also selling "dried puffer fish by fishermen themselves". The reporter of Beiqing Daily saw from the product information page of the dried puffer fish in the store that the dried puffer fish was dehydrated in orange, which was about the size of an adult’s palm, and the fish head and skin were still preserved. In the introduction, the store wrote that "every process is completed by its own small workshop" and the production date is "hand-made recently".

　　question closely

　　Salespeople don’t know their own puffer fish species.

　　The sales staff of "Xingfeng Dry Goods" also showed the reporter of Beiqing Daily the pictures of making and drying dried puffer fish. In the pictures, hundreds of slaughtered puffer fish were hung on a row of shelves by the sea for drying. When the reporter of Beiqing Daily asked what kind of puffer fish it was, the store said it was "wild and non-toxic", but when the reporter of Beiqing Daily continued to ask about the specific species of puffer fish, the store said it was "not very clear" and only knew that it was collectively called "puffer fish" and the local dialect was called "lovely breast".

　　The salesperson of "Lexian Seafood" told the reporter of Beiqing Daily that the puffer fish sold at home is a wild fugu obscurus, and stressed that "Nantong produces puffer fish, you can rest assured". When the reporter of Beiqing Daily asked whether wild puffer fish could be bought and sold, the store said with great certainty that "wild puffer fish can be bought and sold".

　　It is not uncommon for "bold" diners to buy dried puffer fish. The monthly sales volume of dried puffer fish in Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province is 166, and the product evaluation is 241, which is in the forefront of the sales volume of dried puffer fish. In the product introduction, it is written that "the fisherman dries himself" and "the natural delicacy from the East China Sea". In the product evaluation, some consumers left a message that "wait a few days for additional comments, but they will die", and many consumers also reported that "when unpacking, the dry ice smelled bad", "moldy" and "broken and thrown away".

　　interpret

　　Expert: Wild puffer fish is prohibited from being sold.

　　In view of the phenomenon of selling dried wild puffer fish online, Wang Changyu, deputy secretary-general of the puffer fish branch of China Fisheries Association, told the reporter of Beiqing Daily that Article 11 of the Notice on Conditionally Releasing the Processing and Operation of Cultured Takifugu rubripes and Cultured Takifugu obscurus issued by the Ministry of Agriculture on September 5, 2016 clearly pointed out that "it is forbidden to process and operate all kinds of wild takifugu". That is to say, "at present, all forms of wild puffer fish are prohibited from being sold in China", and the sale of dried wild puffer fish is naturally illegal.

　　According to Wang Changyu, there is a great risk in eating wild puffer fish, because "different species of puffer fish have different toxic sizes and toxic parts, some fish are poisonous, and some fish are poisonous." However, there are more than 40 species of wild puffer fish in China’s coastal areas, and the species caught naturally are often diverse, so it is impossible to determine the toxicity and toxic parts one by one. In addition, the wild puffer fish currently sold in the market are illegal, and it is impossible to guarantee whether the treatment process of puffer fish is compliant and whether the safety is up to standard.

　　In addition, the form of "dried puffer fish" is not allowed to be sold internationally. Wang Changyu told the reporter of Beiqing Daily that after the puffer fish is made into dried fish, its species characteristics will become unrecognizable. Even experts sometimes can’t tell which kind of puffer fish it is, let alone identify the toxicity of dried fish by naked eyes.

　　Wang Changyu reminded consumers that when buying and eating puffer fish products, they must choose qualified merchants. Legal puffer fish products will be accompanied by traceable QR codes on the packaging, and marked with the names of raw material bases and processing enterprises, record numbers, processing dates, shelf life, inspection information and other contents.

　　Among them, wild puffer fish, cultured live puffer fish and unprocessed whole puffer fish are currently prohibited from being sold, and consumers should avoid buying them. Text/reporter Li Zhuoya