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Every year-end or holiday, Microsoft founder Bill Gates Bill Gates will continue their "book selection" in the traditional personal social media platforms, recommended books of the year list of books he had in mind for everyone.

Not long ago, Bill Gates once again to share with you the five books, compared with previous years of books, five book clear "Technology sense of" full, contains two great science fiction, and discuss the future development of technology books let us work together to preview it!

Klara and the Sun

– Kazuo Ishiguro

This is caused by

The Nobel Prize in Literature

Winner Kazuo Ishiguro newly published science fiction story takes place in a dystopian future,

It tells the story of the friendship between the generated artificial intelligence robot Clara with a sick little girl.

Gates Book Review – "

Power is not evil robot

Instead, they can serve as companions to accompany people. This book got me thinking, has a super intelligent robot lives will be like – we had them as a technology, or

More important things

. "

Project Hail Mary

– Andy Weir

Project Hail Mary from the "Mission to Mars" The Marsian author Andy Weir (Andy Weir) hand, and "Mission to Mars" This book also appeared in the 2020 Bill Gates

Summer reading list

superior. It tells the story of a high school science teacher awoke to find himself in another galaxy,

Also take up the task of lifting the earth crisis.

Gates Book Review – "The story is about how he uses science and engineering to

save the world

. This book is very interesting, I’ll read it all weekend. "

Hamnet

– Maggie O’Farrell

This year, Bill Gates is recommended only a single book

Historical novel

The author wrote it with a fictional way how sad tear a family, explain how Shakespeare was writing his sorrow into power.

Gates Book Review – "If you’re a fan of Shakespeare, you’ll love this touching novel,

It tells the story of Shakespeare’s personal life affect the creation of one of his most famous plays.

"

A

Thousand Brains: A New Theory of Intelligence

– Jeff Hawkins

From technology entrepreneurs Hawkins (Jeff Hawkins) this book

More superficial

Way to introduce the sophisticated mode of operation of the human cerebral cortex,

More imagination and provides clues for the future of machine learning and artificial intelligence.

Gates Book Review – "Hawkins identity may be best known for co-inventor of the PalmPilot, but he spent a few years time to study

Neuroscience and machine learning

The link between this book is the best introduction to his thought. "

The Code Breaker: Jennifer Doudna, Gene Editing, and the Future of the Human Race

– Walter Isaacson

It was awarded in 2020

Nobel Prize in Chemistry

Jennifer Doudna biography of the story,

She was "God scalpel said," the CRISPR gene editing technology has attracted attention.

Gates Book Review – "CRISPR gene editing system over the past decade

Coolest, perhaps most importantly,

One scientific breakthroughs. This book is about the Nobel laureate biochemist Jennifer Doudna and her colleagues is how to find it.

Author Isaacson nicely highlights the most important ethical issues in genetic editing.

"

Work temperature is 30 ° C, and the amount of carrier flow under the long-term continuous 90% load is as follows:

1.5 square millimeters – 13A

2.5 square millimeters – 26A
4 square millimeters – 32A

6 square millimeters – 47A
16 square millimeters – 92A

25 square millimeters – 1220A

35 square millimeters – 150A

Current conversion power:

1A=220W,

10A=2200W,

So on and so forth.

For example, if the carrier traffic is 14A, it is: 220W × 14=3080W, then 1.5 square copper wire power is 3.08 kW.

Long-term current allowed by national standard:

4 square is 25-32A

6 square is 32-40A

In fact, these are the theoretical security values, and the limit value is more than these.

The maximum power allowed by the 2,5 square copper wires is: 5500W.

4 square 8000W, 6 square 9000W is no problem.

40A’s digital meter is normal 9000W absolutely no problem. The 12000W of the machine will not be burned.

03

Copper wire wires allow long-term current:

2.5 square millimeters (16A ~ 25A)
4 square millimeters (25A ~ 32A)
6 square millimeters (32A ~ 40A)

for example :

1. Each computer consumes approximately 200 ~ 300W (about 1 to 1.5a), then 10 computers need a 2.5-square millimeter copper wire power supply, otherwise a fire may occur.

2, the large 3 air conditioner consumption is approximately 3000W (about 14a), then one air conditioner requires a separate 2.5 square millimeter copper wire power supply.
3, the current housing outlet is generally 4 square millimeters of copper wire, so the home appliances open at the same time must not exceed 25A (ie 5500 watts), some people replace the wires in the house to 6 square millimeters copper wires are useless. Because the wires entering the meter are 4 square millimeters.
4. Early housing (15 years ago) The import line is generally 2.5 square millimeter aluminum wire, so the home appliances open at the same time must not exceed 13A (ie 2800 watts).

5, household appliances that are relatively large consumption are: air conditioner 5a (1.2), electric water heater 10a, microwave oven 4a, rice cooker 4a, dishwasher 8a, drying machine 10a with drying function, electric heater 4a.

Among the fire caused by the power supply, it is due to the heat of the hair, so all the joints must be welded, and the contact devices that cannot be welded 5 to 10 years must be replaced (such as socket, air switch, etc.).

04

Copper wire wire cable traffic standard cable flow oral estimation:

Take the next two o’clock in nine, and go to the next time.

Thirty-five take three o’clock, double bunom group is five.

The conditions have changed, and the high temperature is 10% off copper upgrade.

The number of tube is two or three four and eight seven six folds.

illustrate:

This mouth is not directly pointed out to various insulated lines (rubber and plastic insulation lines), but "cross-section is multiplied in a certain number" to be represented.

"Two five-point multiply by nine, go to the next time," said that various cross-sectional aluminum insulation lines of 2.5mm2 and below are about 9 times the number of carriers of the cross-section. Such as 2.5mm2 wires, the carrier flow is 2.5 × 9=22.5 (a). The multiple relationship between the carriage of 4mm2 and more wires and the number of cross-section is row, the line number is row, the multiple is successively reduced by 1, i.e., 4 × 8, 6 × 7, 10 × 6, 16 × 5, 25 × 4.

"Thirty-five Take Three Fiveth, Double Bunction] Say", it is said that 35mm2 lead traffic is 3.5 times the number of cross-section, ie 35 × 3.5=122.5 (a). Wire from 50 mm 2 and above, the multiple relationship between the amount of carrier flow and the number of cross-section becomes a set of two two lines, and the multiple is 0.5. That is, 50, 70mm2 wire has a total of 3 times the number of cross-section; 95, 120 mm2 lead traffic is 2.5 times the number of cross-sectional area, and push it according to the secondary.

"Conditions have changed, high temperature nine fold copper upgrades". The above mouth is the copper core insulation line, which is determined under the condition of 25 ° C in ambient temperature. If the aluminum core insulation line is in the area where the ambient temperature is higher than 25 ° C, the wire carrier flow can be calculated according to the above-mentioned oral calculation method, and then hits it again; when used is not an aluminum wire but the copper core insulation line, Its carrier flow is slightly larger than the same size aluminum wire, and can calculate a carrier flow than the aluminum wire in the above-mentioned oral method. For example, the flow of 25mm2 copper wire can be calculated according to 25 mm2 aluminum wire.

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