Now is the autumn harvest season, and food security is "the biggest in the country". The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that "to implement the rural revitalization strategy, we must take ensuring the supply of important agricultural products, especially grain, as the primary task" and "we must always give top priority to ensuring national food security, accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, improve the comprehensive grain production capacity, and ensure that it can be produced and supplied in peacetime, and it can be topped and reliable in extreme cases".
Firmly hold the bottom line of food security. Since the beginning of this year, all localities and departments have strictly implemented the responsibility of the party and the government for food security, done everything possible to stabilize the area, increase the production of bills of lading, and increase efficiency, and strive to win a bumper grain harvest. According to the agricultural situation dispatch of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, at present, the national autumn grain harvest has reached 80%, and the annual grain production is expected to achieve another bumper harvest.
Improve quality, ensure quantity and expand space, and the foundation of food security is stable.
Since the beginning of this year, all localities and departments have put the improvement of comprehensive agricultural production capacity in a more prominent position, earnestly strengthened the protection of cultivated land, made every effort to improve the quality of cultivated land, steadily expanded agricultural production space, and implemented detailed measures to combat disasters and reduce disasters to ensure that grain can be produced and supplied at any time.
Improve the quality and enhance the ability of farmland to resist disasters and reduce disasters.
The black land in Northeast China is fragrant with rice. "This year, the yield of rice per mu is 1,200 Jin, and the flood disaster has not reduced production. High-standard farmland can help a lot." Zhang Youguo, a rice grower in Tianmen Township, founder county City, Heilongjiang Province, said that the irrigation and drainage system in the high-standard farmland project area is complete, timely drainage and fertilization, and detailed management and protection measures have ensured the yield.
This year, founder county implemented 47,100 mu of high-standard farmland projects to enhance the ability of farmland to resist disasters and reduce disasters, and further consolidate the foundation of food security.
All regions have made great efforts to improve the construction standards and quality of high-standard farmland. The average quality of farmland in the project area has improved by about one grade, and the average grain output per mu has generally increased by 10% to 20%, and the ability to resist disasters and reduce disasters has been continuously improved. By the end of last year, a total of 1 billion mu of high-standard farmland had been built nationwide, and this year’s task is to build 45 million mu and upgrade 35 million mu.
Ensure the quantity and protect the "rice bowl field".
"In the autumn harvest season, I have to patrol the fields twice more than usual." Early in the morning, Yang Zhili, "Tian Chang" and secretary of the village party branch in Houzhuang Village, Laocheng Town, Wucheng County, Shandong Province, was busy. "The whole village has more than 1,000 mu of cultivated land, and we have taken good care of the fertile land and ushered in a bumper harvest season."
At present, Wucheng County has fully implemented the field-length system, established a three-level field-length system at county, township and village levels, divided the grid responsibility area with the administrative village as the basic unit, and set up 453 "field-length" people in the county to ensure that the amount of cultivated land and the area of permanent basic farmland are not reduced, and firmly hold the red line of cultivated land protection.
Weave a dense cultivated land protection network, adhere to the principle of fertile land and grain use, strictly regulate the balance of cultivated land occupation and compensation, and implement the balance of cultivated land import and export in a safe and orderly manner. The field length system has taken root in 26 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities). A series of hard measures for farmland protection have continuously consolidated the foundation of granaries in big countries. This year, the intended grain planting area in China is over 1.77 billion mu, increasing for four consecutive years.
Expand space and comprehensively transform and utilize saline-alkali land.
In Guanshantun, Beizheng Town, Changling County, Jilin Province, there was a "new green" on the saline-alkali land where nothing could grow. Cao Xiaofeng, an academician of China Academy of Sciences, came to Changling County to demonstrate the improvement and utilization technology of severe saline-alkali land. According to the yield measurement results of saline-alkali land, it is estimated that 620 kilograms of sesbania hay can be produced per mu. "It is different for experts to change the soil, and green manure sesbania can grow in severe saline-alkali land." Ye Shuwen, a farmer, said.
Saline-alkali land is an important source of "improving quality, expanding capacity and increasing efficiency" of cultivated land. All localities fully tap the comprehensive utilization potential of saline-alkali land and carry out management and improvement of saline-alkali cultivated land in different regions. Since 2020, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has carried out pilot projects for the control of saline-alkali cultivated land in eight provinces, with a total implementation of 2.4 million mu in three years. The quality of cultivated land in the project area has improved by 0.11 to 0.51 grades on average, and the soil salt content has decreased by about 2&permil on average. .
Strengthen the support of agricultural science and technology, and new agronomy will help grow good grain.
The fundamental way to solve the problem of eating lies in science and technology.
All regions and departments are guided by tackling key agricultural core technologies and oriented by industrial demand, focusing on chassis technology, core provenance, key agricultural machinery and equipment, and constantly strengthening agricultural science and technology support. At present, the contribution rate of agricultural science and technology progress in China has reached 62.4%. The villagers’ "golden pole" is more and more stable.
Adding power to agricultural machinery will turn farming into "smart farming".
"With a good helper for farming, I feel more at ease ‘ Number ’ 。” Song Yixian, a large grain grower in Lujiaba Village, Baishui Town, wangcang county, Sichuan Province, opened the application program on his mobile phone to check the operation of the harvester. This year, more than 30 mu of rice planted by his family relies on intelligent agricultural machinery to achieve accurate sowing, fertilization, pesticide application, irrigation and harvesting, with an average yield of 1,200 Jin per mu.
"From Beidou navigation high-powered tractors to riding transplanters, from high-load plant protection drones to self-propelled corn combine harvesters, advanced machinery is an important equipment foundation for storing grain in technology." Ye Xingqing, Minister of Rural Economic Research Department of the State Council Development Research Center, said.
At present, the comprehensive mechanization rate of crop cultivation and harvest in China has reached 73%, and the harvest of staple crops has basically been mechanized.
Hold fast to China seeds and ensure food security from the source.
Special high-quality wheat, high amylose corn, water-saving and drought-resistant rice … … Not long ago, at the 20th National Seed Double Fair held in Hefei, Anhui Province, more than 350 new and excellent varieties of seed enterprises appeared in succession. From "satisfying quantity" to "improving quality", seed industry enterprises continue to exert their efforts around the current demand for seeds for agricultural production.
"After long-term efforts, China’s seed industry technology is generally at the advanced level in the world." Wan Jianmin, academician of China Academy of Engineering and director of the National Crop Variety Approval Committee, said. At present, the coverage rate of improved varieties of crops in China is over 96%, the area of self-bred varieties accounts for over 95%, and the contribution rate of improved varieties to agricultural production is over 45%.
New agronomy is applied to the fields to help farmers grow more and better food. Recently, the high-yield demonstration party of 1,000 mu of corn in Zhaijia Town, Linyi County, Shandong Province ushered in a good harvest. The yield measurement results show that the yield per mu reaches 1000 kg. "From sowing to harvesting, at least eight or nine technologies were used in a field." Pang Linmeng, head of the agricultural technology station in Zhaijia Town, said.
Sending skills to the fields and serving the villages, more than 500,000 agricultural extension workers across the country play an irreplaceable role in stabilizing grain supply, increasing production and income. "Agricultural technology extension system is the main force to promote agricultural technology progress." Cui Jianghao, director of the Technology Extension Division of the Department of Science, Technology and Education of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that we will continue to strengthen the training and ability improvement of agricultural technology extension personnel, implement the responsibility of detailed posts, implement the household-linked mechanism, and explore more pragmatic service models.
Promote green production mode and strive to develop ecological agriculture.
Green is the background color of agriculture.
Since the beginning of this year, all localities and departments have accelerated the green mode of agricultural production, made great efforts to develop ecological agriculture, promoted the conservation and efficient utilization of resources, and continuously enhanced the market competitiveness and sustainable development capacity of grain and important agricultural products.
At present, the output of green, organic and geographical indication agricultural products in China accounts for 12%, and the pass rate of routine monitoring of agricultural product quality and safety is 97.6%.
Input reduction and efficiency increase, and green production has become a new trend in the field.
In Shengping Village, Wuliming Town, Zhaodong City, Heilongjiang Province, the harvested corn field was covered with straw. Speaking of green grain planting, Shao Chunyu, chairman of Yuyan Yumi Planting Professional Cooperative, said: "Before sowing, the seeds are coated, slow-release fertilizers are applied to extend fertilizer efficiency, and no-tillage sowing and protective farming mode is adopted, and the straw is crushed and returned to the field. From planting to harvesting, intensive cultivation not only saves seeds and fertilizers, but also increases the average yield per mu by 10%. "
"Farmland has become greener, and the green and efficient development of agriculture has achieved new results." Yu Fawen, a researcher at the Institute of Rural Development of China Academy of Social Sciences, said.
At present, all localities are striving to promote the greening of inputs, the cleaning of production methods and the recycling of agricultural wastes, and the formation of a green industrial chain of grain production has accelerated.
Last year, the utilization rate of chemical fertilizer for rice, wheat and corn reached 41.3%, 1.1 percentage points higher than that in 2020. The coverage rate of unified defense rule was 43.6%, an increase of 1.2 percentage points year-on-year.
The development of ecological breeding will increase the output benefit.
"Rice and crabs are raised together, achieving dual use of one water and double harvest in one field." Ren Zhiguo, chairman of Yingtai Agricultural Machinery Farmers’ Professional Cooperative in Daguan Village, Datun Town, Zhenlai County, Jilin Province, introduced that 9 tons of rice are produced in each hectare of paddy fields, and one kilogram of fine rice is sold from 15 yuan to 20 yuan. Adopting the model of "enterprise+cooperative+farmer", the local crab can increase its income by about 7000 yuan per hectare.
Stabilizing grain and promoting fishing will increase the income of rich farmers. The relevant person in charge of the Fisheries and Fishery Administration Bureau of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs introduced that in recent years, the rice and fishery comprehensive breeding industry has developed rapidly, making positive contributions to ensuring food security and aquatic product supply, increasing farmers’ income and promoting rural revitalization.
Do a good job in intensive processing, and the grain industry chain will continue to extend.
In the production workshop of Feitian Biotechnology Co., Ltd. in Qixian County, Henan Province, the wheat entering the green processing chain is ground and intensively processed: first, it is processed into flour and bran, and 25% of the tail powder is processed into starch and gluten products, and then further transformed, and high value-added products such as wheat crystalline glucose and crystalline fructose can be obtained. "Every grain of wheat is fully utilized." Dong Deping, general manager of the company, introduced.
To comprehensively promote rural revitalization, we must firmly grasp the initiative of food security. In the new era and new journey, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, all localities, departments and hundreds of millions of farmers will work hard together, roll up their sleeves and work hard, and pay attention to production and capacity, quantity and quality, and production ecology. Chinese’s rice bowl will surely get stronger and stronger.
