阿拉上海后花园

1. Paleolithic Age in China (about 3 million years ago-about 10,000 years ago)

1. Introduction to Paleolithic Age

Paleolithic period, the stage of human material and cultural development marked by the use of forged stone tools (see stone tools). The geological age belongs to the late Pliocene to the Pleistocene, starting about 3 million years ago and continuing until about 10 thousand years ago.

"Paleolithic Age" is a concept of time zone put forward by archaeologists. The so-called Stone Age does not mean that people at that time only used stone tools.

2. Paleolithic characteristics

People in this period of Paleolithic mainly hunted, fished and collected by making simple tools. Take Beijingers found in Zhoukoudian, Beijing, China as an example. According to research, they used stone tools and wooden sticks to hunt wild animals and knew how to collect fruits to satisfy their hunger.

They mainly lived in caves, but in archaeology, a large number of traces such as charcoal, ashes and burnt bones were found in their caves, indicating that people at that time had mastered the technology of using fire and would cut down trees as fuel.

The main characteristics of paleolithic human beings are that the stone tools are mainly made of stone tools, including stone axes, chopping devices, scrapers, pointy devices and so on; Bone horn is very developed, and new tools such as bone fork, bone needle, bone fish dart and spear throwing device have appeared. Have learned to make, have begun to learn to sew, make decorations, paintings and sculptures; There has been the earliest burial custom.

3. Development of Paleolithic Age

Generally speaking, in the early Paleolithic period, human beings had learned to use fire, bone tools appeared in the middle period, simple combined tools were made in the late period, and matriarchal clans began to form.

Yuanmou ape-man, Lantian ape-man, Beijinger, Jinniushan man and caveman are basically in this period.

2. Neolithic Age in China (ranging from about 10,000 years ago to about 5,000 years ago to more than 2,000 years ago)

1. Introduction to the Neolithic Age

Neolithic Age is a time period set by archaeologists, which started about 10,000 years ago and ended from 5,000 years ago to 2,000 years ago.

Neolithic Age refers to the last stage of the Stone Age in archaeology, and the stage of human material and cultural development marked by the use of grinded stone tools.

This name was first put forward by British archaeologist lubbock in 1865. This era has entered the Holocene in geological age, and developed after the Paleolithic Age or the transition of the Mesolithic Age, belonging to the late Stone Age.

2. Characteristics of Neolithic Age

(1) the emergence of primitive agriculture;

(2) the manufacture of pottery;

(3) the extensive use of polished stone tools;

(4) The emergence of villages and the formation of clan system.

3. The significance of the Neolithic Age.

The agricultural revolution in the Neolithic Age has far-reaching significance. The emergence of agriculture and animal husbandry has transformed the human economy from a predatory economy based on gathering and hunting in the Paleolithic to a productive economy based on agriculture and animal husbandry.

Humans have changed from food gatherers to food producers. This change in the way of obtaining food has changed the relationship between man and nature. The occurrence of agriculture and animal husbandry marks a leap in human understanding of nature, and marks that human beings have changed from relying on and adapting to nature to using and transforming nature in terms of "the production of food, clothes, housing and tools necessary for this".

All the production activities of agricultural animal husbandry require human beings to know more about and transform nature and use natural resources to serve human economy. On the basis of agricultural production, people began to observe the activities of the sun, moon and stars, the characteristics of water and soil, and climate phenomena, and accumulated experience, thus generating preliminary knowledge of astronomy, geography and mathematics, and pushing human understanding of the objective world to a new height.

Third, China Xia Dynasty (about 2070-1600 BC)

1. Introduction of Xia Dynasty

Xia Dynasty was the first hereditary dynasty recorded in China’s history books. There are a certain number of bronze and jade ritual vessels in the cultural relics of the Xia Dynasty, dating from the late Neolithic Age to the early Bronze Age.

According to historical records, the biography of Yu was located in Ziqi, which changed the abdication system of primitive tribes and initiated the hereditary precedent in China for nearly 4,000 years. Therefore, the "home world" in China’s history began with the establishment of the Xia Dynasty.

2. Characteristics of Xia Dynasty

(1) The Xia Dynasty established armed forces, established official posts and prisons, and formulated criminal laws. The establishment of this whole set of state machinery shows that the Xia Dynasty has already possessed the characteristics of a country;

(2) Economically, Xia Dynasty belonged to the era of gold (copper) and stone, and its initial economic development laid the foundation for the economic prosperity of future generations;

(3) Culturally, some outstanding cultural achievements of the Xia Dynasty, such as the Xia calendar, have a far-reaching impact on future generations.

3. The significance of the establishment and development of Xia Dynasty.

It represents the improvement of productivity and the progress of mankind, and it is the beginning of slave society in China.

The direct cause of the establishment of the Xia Dynasty probably originated from the Yellow River, which was flooded in the era of Three Emperors and Five Emperors. Because the flood affected the production and life of the surrounding people for a long time, Dayu mobilized all ethnic groups in China to carry out water control work for 20 years, which not only united the Chinese ancestors unprecedentedly, but also greatly enhanced his reputation. After the flood was cured, with the improvement of living environment, the first unified kingship was established.

Fourth, China Shang Dynasty (about 1600 BC-about 1046 BC)

1. Introduction of Shang Dynasty

Shang Dynasty, the second dynasty in the history of China, is the first dynasty in China with direct written records of the same period.

Shang Tang, the monarch of Shang Kingdom in Xia Dynasty, led the kingdom to destroy Xia Hou in the battle of Mingtiao, and established Shang Dynasty in Bo (now Shangqiu) with "Shang" as the title. After that, the capital of Shang Dynasty moved frequently, and it was not until its descendant Pan Geng moved to Yin (now Anyang) that the capital was established in Yin for 273 years, so the Shang Dynasty was called Yin or Yin Shang by later generations.

The Shang Dynasty experienced three major stages. The first stage is "first business"; The second stage is "early business"; The third stage is the "Late Shang Dynasty", which has been passed down from generation to generation to 31 kings in the 17th century, lasting for more than 500 years. Di Xin, the last monarch, set himself on fire and died after being defeated by Zhou Wuwang in the battle of Makino.

The excavation of Yin Ruins confirmed the existence of Shang Dynasty in China. The Shang Dynasty was in the heyday of slavery, and the slave owners and nobles were the ruling class, forming a huge bureaucratic ruling institution and army. The records of Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Jinwen are the earliest systematic written symbols in China. During the Shang Dynasty, there were also developed non-Central Plains civilizations in the Yangtze River Basin.

2. Characteristics of Shang Dynasty

Worship ghosts, slavery economy, bronze ware is expensive, and Oracle bones and tortoise shells are the main ones.

Shang Dynasty’s records of astronomical phenomena and the application of the time-keeping method of cadres and branches were reflected in Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Agriculture, animal husbandry and aquaculture in Shang Dynasty developed rapidly, especially handicrafts, and the smelting and manufacturing of bronzes were quite mature, and all kinds of commonly used utensils, ritual vessels and wine vessels were very exquisite.

3. Historical significance of Shang Dynasty.

In Shang Dynasty, the state machinery was constantly strengthened, and great achievements were made in economy and culture. Its activity area and influence far exceeded that of Xia Dynasty, which laid the foundation for the further development of ancient civilization in China and occupied an important position in the history of ancient civilization in the world.

V. China Zhou Dynasty (1046-256 BC)

1. Introduction of Zhou Dynasty

Zhou Dynasty is the third dynasty in China history after Shang Dynasty. The Zhou Dynasty handed down 37 kings in 30 generations and enjoyed the country for a total of 791 years.

Among them, the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, also known as the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, was divided into two parts: the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, in which Han, Zhao and Wei jointly defeated the ruling Zhishi family and the three families were divided into Jin.

Before the extinction of the Shang Dynasty, the Zhou tribe originated from the Huaxia (Han) nationality. Because of the harassment of nomadic tribes in the northwest such as Rong and Di, the leader of the Zhou tribe, Gu Gongqi, led the Zhou people to move to the plain under Qishan and settle down.

Living in the Weihe River valley, Ji Yi, the ancestor of Ji Yi, was Hou Ji, known as the agricultural god. Shuowen said, "The Yellow Emperor lived in Ji Shui, taking Ji as his surname, and Zhou people inherited his surname." The language was ancient Chinese, and the characters still used ancient Chinese characters. In folk records, tortoise bones and ox bones were still the main ones, while the royal family mainly used new brocade and silks. The Zhou Dynasty established the enfeoffment system (the state was founded), and the king of Zhou was the "co-owner of the world".

2. Characteristics of the Zhou Dynasty

The land was owned by feudal princes, and the so-called "all over the world, is it not the land of kings?" Herod the royal family, sealed the state and founded the country, and made it a prosperous week. At the same time, a set of patriarchal clan system was established to coordinate and maintain the development of feudal system. Consolidate the rule of the Zhou Dynasty.

3. Historical significance of Zhou Dynasty.

Zhou Dynasty’s culture of Zhou Dynasty was called pre-culture of Zhou Dynasty before King Wu took the place of Shang Dynasty. Then, after King Wu took the place of Shang Dynasty, Zhou people absorbed the culture of Shang Dynasty and other nationalities, and formed a unique culture of Zhou Dynasty in Chinese history, which was fully reflected in the political ethics of Western Zhou society. Zhou Culture was the cornerstone of Chinese national culture and the source of China traditional culture.

After the inheritance and innovation of hundred schools of thought in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period and the development of Confucian Classics in Han, Tang, Song and Ming Dynasties, Zhou Wenhua finally formed the unique spiritual temperament and mentality structure of the Chinese nation and became a cultural system with long-term vitality.

All kinds of laws and regulations, rites and music systems and ideological and moral norms contained in Zhou Culture became the ideological and political basis of China’s feudal rule for thousands of years and the source of Confucianism, which influenced the history of Chinese civilization for nearly 3,000 years after Zhou Dynasty.

In the ancient history of China, the rule of the Zhou Dynasty was very distinctive, and there were four main systems: feudalism, patriarchal clan system, well field system and ritual system, which had great influence on the future society.

Six, China Qin Dynasty (221-207)

1. Introduction to Qin Dynasty

The Qin Dynasty was the first unified dynasty in China’s history, which was developed by the State of Qin during the Warring States Period. Dafei, the ancestor of the Qin people, was a descendant of Zhuan Xu, the grandson of the Yellow Emperor, and was given a surname of winning.

Qin Wangzheng destroyed Korea, Zhao, Wei, Chu, Yan and Qi successively, thus completing the great cause of reunification. In the first 221 years, the king of Qin proclaimed himself emperor, which was called "Qin Shihuang" in history.

The Qin dynasty set up three officials and nine ministers in the central government to manage state affairs; Abolish the enfeoffment system locally and replace it with the county system; The implementation of books with the same language, cars with the same track, unified measurement. Attacking Xiongnu in the north, conquering hundreds of places in the south, building the Great Wall to repel foreign enemies, and digging Lingqu to connect the water system.

The establishment of centralization of authority laid the basic pattern of China’s political system for more than 2,000 years, and laid the foundation for the rule of China’s unified dynasty, so it was called "all generations practiced Qin politics and law".

The Qin Dynasty ended the 500-year-old separatist regime of princes since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and became the first centralized state with multi-ethnic integration in the history of China. Which had a far-reaching influence on the history of China.

In the first 210 years, Qin Shihuang died of illness in a sand dune during his cruise (now northwest of Guangzong County, Hebei Province). His son Hu Hai acceded to the throne as Qin Ershi. Although the Qin dynasty had a great influence in history, it abused the people’s power and was unified only for more than ten years.

In the first 209 years, Chen Sheng and Wu Guang cut the wood for the soldiers, rose up, and the world responded. Liu Bang and Xiang Yu rose up against the Qin Dynasty. Before 207, Qin died.

2. Characteristics of the Qin Dynasty

Qin and Han dynasties were the "great unification" period that ended the melee situation in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. The stage feature of this period is the historical period of the formation and initial development of feudal society, and it is also the period when social politics changed from chaos to governance, and social economy changed from stagnation to initial recovery and development.

Politically, the political power is generally stable, but there are unstable factors. The political system is autocratic centralization of authority.

Economically: After the unification of the Qin Dynasty, it ended the situation of scuffle between the warring states and resumed production to a certain extent.

Ethnic relations: the relationship between Qin and Han dynasties and ethnic minorities was peace and war, peace was more than war, and ethnic relations were harmonious and friendly on the whole.

Culture: Due to national unity and production development, political and economic ties among ethnic groups have been strengthened, and science, technology and culture have also developed rapidly.

3. The historical significance of the Qin Dynasty

Qin Dynasty is the first unified centralized country in Chinese history, with Xianyang as its capital. The unification of the Qin Dynasty ended the long-standing situation in which the vassal regime dominated, which was conducive to the stability of people’s lives and the development of social production, and was in line with the common aspirations of the people of all ethnic groups at that time.

The territory of the Qin Dynasty, stretching to the sea in the east, west to Longxi, north to the Great Wall and south to the South China Sea, greatly exceeded that of the previous generation.

The Qin Dynasty was the first unified multi-ethnic county system country in the history of China.

Seven, China Han Dynasty (206 -8 years, 25 -220 years).

1. Introduction to Han Dynasty

The Han Dynasty is a unified dynasty after the Qin Dynasty, mainly divided into the Western Han Dynasty and the Eastern Han Dynasty, which lasted for 29 emperors and enjoyed the country for 405 years.

The Han Dynasty and the Peace Treaty were ranked as the advanced civilization and powerful empire in the world at that time. During the Han Dynasty, the scope of the Han Dynasty was established. At its peak, it was annexed to Korea in the east, Vietnam in the south, Qingling in the west and Gobi in the north, with a land area of about 6.09 million square kilometers. In AD 2, the population of the Western Han Dynasty reached more than 60 million, accounting for one third of the world at that time.

The Huaxia nationality has been called the Han nationality since the Han Dynasty, and the Han Dynasty also made great achievements in the field of science and technology. For example, Cai Lun improved papermaking and became one of the four great inventions in China, and Zhang Heng invented the seismograph and the armillary sphere.

2. Characteristics of the Han Dynasty

Han inherited the Qin system, and at the same time carried out the feudal system, which included the kingdom and the Hou state. These two parallel systems were also called "county state system". This practice laid a hidden danger to the central rule of the Western Han Dynasty. After quelling the rebellion of the kingdom and promoting the decree of mercy, the kingdom no longer poses a threat to the central government.

3. The historical significance of the Han Dynasty

The Han Dynasty was the second imperial dynasty with a county system in the history of China. Because the history of the first imperial dynasty, the Qin Dynasty, was too short to leave much experience for the Han Dynasty to learn from, so many ruling methods of the Han Dynasty need to be explored by themselves.

We can see that the Han Dynasty actually did quite well, although there were twists and turns, but after all, it operated for 400 years, leaving a rich legacy to the later dynasties.

With his pioneering spirit, brilliant martial arts, prosperous culture and technology, the Han Dynasty marked the youthful spirit and vitality of China’s unified dynasty, and his influence touched almost every level of the Han nationality, so that today, 2000 years later, we can still feel that we are still connected with him by blood, and we can still gain confidence and courage from the Han history.

Eight, Three Kingdoms, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties (220 -581)

1. Brief introduction of the Three Kingdoms, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties

The Three Kingdoms, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties were the most frequent periods of regime change in China’s history, which were mainly divided into Wei Dynasty (Cao Wei), Western Jin Dynasty, Eastern Jin Dynasty and Southern and Northern Dynasties. Due to the long-term feudal separatist regime and continuous wars, the development of China culture in this period was particularly affected. Its outstanding performance is the rise of metaphysics, the import of Buddhism, the prosperity of Taoism and the introduction of Persian and Greek cultures.

During the 360-odd years from Wei Dynasty to Sui Dynasty, and during the alternation of more than 30 dynasties, the development of Confucianism and the image and historical position of Confucius in this period became complicated as a result of the interaction and infiltration of many new cultural factors mentioned above.

2. Characteristics of the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties

(1) The feudal state was divided and the regime alternated frequently.

(2) The south is relatively stable and the economy of the south is developing.

(3) There are frequent wars in the north, and ethnic integration has been strengthened.

(4) The formation, development and decline of the gentry system.

(5) With the development of science and technology, Buddhism prevails.

3. The historical significance of the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties.

This stage of the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties is a period of national division and national integration in China’s feudal society.

It is between the Qin and Han Dynasties and the Sui and Tang Dynasties. It is not only the product of the aggregation and intensification of social contradictions in the Qin and Han Dynasties, but also the origin of the unification and prosperity of the Sui and Tang Dynasties. It serves as a link between the preceding and the following and occupies a special position and role in China’s feudal society.

Investigating the history of this period is of great benefit to our understanding of the relationship between division and unity in feudal society.

Nine, China Sui and Tang Dynasties (581 -907)

1. Introduction to Sui and Tang Dynasties

The Sui and Tang Dynasties, as the collective name of the Sui Dynasty (581-618) and the Tang Dynasty (618-907), were also the most prosperous periods in the history of China. It is two unified dynasties after two long periods: the Five Chaos and the Northern and Southern Dynasties.

More open in national thought. The two dynasties achieved unprecedented development in politics, military affairs, culture, economy and science and technology. The emperors in Sui and Tang Dynasties were more open-minded in governing the country, which also influenced neighboring countries to pay tribute and learn from China.

At its peak, the Sui Dynasty reached Liaoning in the northeast, Taklimakan Desert in Xinjiang in the west, the East China Sea in the east and northern Vietnam in the south. In the heyday of the Tang Dynasty, it reached the northern and outer Xing ‘an Mountains of Lake Baikal in the north, the Aral Sea in Central Asia in the west, Sakhalin Island in the east and northern Vietnam in the south.

2. Characteristics of Sui and Tang Dynasties

(1) Politics

A, the system innovation and the system of Tang-Cheng-Sui, such as the formation and development of the system of three provinces and six departments, the establishment and improvement of the imperial examination system, the evolution from the government military system to the recruitment system, the modulation of rent and commission and the implementation of the two tax laws.

B, from division to reunification.

C. Implement strong centralization.

(2) Economy

In the early stage, the rulers carried out the policy of paying taxes lightly and persuading farmers to teach mulberry. The transportation was developed, the domestic ethnic groups had close contacts, and the domestic and foreign exchanges were needed, and the economy was unprecedentedly prosperous.

(3) Social life

Great changes have taken place in social life, and an inclusive, colorful and open social atmosphere has emerged.

(4) Culture

Eclectic, multi-ethnic, extensive and profound, all-round prosperity, leading the world.

(5) Foreign communication

The transportation is developed, and the land and maritime Silk Road are relatively smooth. The government has adopted a relatively open foreign policy, and foreign exchanges have become more frequent than ever before.

(6) Ethnic relations

The rulers, especially those in the early Tang Dynasty, pursued a relatively open ethnic policy, and the contacts between the Han nationality and the frontier ethnic groups were unprecedented. The frontier ethnic groups developed greatly, and their relations with the central government were closer, and the unified multi-ethnic country was further developed and consolidated.

The outstanding characteristics of Sui and Tang Dynasties are: this is an era of great change and openness; The development of politics, economy and culture in Sui and Tang Dynasties influenced many countries in Asia, especially in East Asia, and formed China cultural circle.

3. Historical significance of Sui and Tang Dynasties.

Sui and Tang Dynasties made dazzling achievements in developing economy, culture, strengthening ethnic relations and strengthening international exchanges, which made China’s history reach its second peak. The history of the late Sui and Tang Dynasties opened a clue for the great changes in China feudal society. Sui and Tang Dynasties were indeed an extraordinary era.

Ten, Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period (907 -979)

1. Introduction of Five Dynasties and Ten Countries

The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms is a period of great division in the history of China. This title comes from the New History of the Five Dynasties, which is a combination of the Five Dynasties (907-960) and the Ten Kingdoms (902-979).

The Five Dynasties refer to the five dynasties whose capitals were in the Central Plains after the collapse of the Tang Dynasty in 907, namely, Houliang, Houtang, Houjin, Houhan and Houzhou. In 907 AD, after the collapse of the Tang Dynasty, Zhu Wen established a back beam in the Central Plains, with Kaifeng Prefecture in Tokyo as its capital (now Kaifeng, Henan Province), and the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms began. In 960, Zhao Kuangyin launched a mutiny in Chen Qiao in the latter Zhou Dynasty, and the Northern Song Dynasty was established after the usurpation of the latter Zhou Dynasty, and the Five Dynasties ended.

At the end of the Tang Dynasty, the Five Dynasties and the beginning of the Song Dynasty, there were many separatist regimes outside the Central Plains. Among them, more than ten separatist regimes, such as Qianshu, Houshu, Nanwu, Nantang, wuyue, Fujian, Chu, Nanhan, Nanping (Jingnan) and Beihan, were collectively referred to as "Ten Kingdoms" by the New Five Dynasties History and later historians. After the establishment of the Northern Song Dynasty, the remaining regimes of Jingnan, Wuping, Houshu, Nanhan, Nantang, wuyue and Beihan were unified successively, which basically achieved national reunification.

2. Characteristics of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms

Compared with the Three Kingdoms, the Sixteen Kingdoms in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the ten kingdoms in the Five Dynasties have remarkable characteristics in the form of separatism:

(1) The status of the Central Plains Dynasty in the Five Dynasties.

(2) The differences in political relations between the Ten Kingdoms and the Central Plains Dynasty.

(3) "Protecting the environment and saving the people" is the main theme of the domestic and foreign policy of the southern separatist regime.

These characteristics of the separatist regime have had a great influence on the process of national reunification. First of all, the status of the Central Plains Dynasty determines that the cause of reunification is bound to be completed by the Central Plains Dynasty, just waiting for the opportunity.

Secondly, the differences in political relations between the ten countries and the Central Plains dynasty and the policy of "protecting the environment and benefiting the people" of the southern separatist regime made the various separatist forces in the south form a pattern of checks and balances, and prevented the south from taking the lead in reunification and forming a confrontation situation between the South and the North again, thus accelerating the process of reunification.

3. Historical significance of Five Dynasties and Ten Countries

(1) The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms is the product of the historical decline of the Tang Dynasty. Since the Anshi Rebellion and Huang Chao’s anti-Tang Dynasty, the prosperous Tang Dynasty has entered an irreversible decline, and then history has staged an overlapping process of belligerence and defeat. Therefore, the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms is not a new historical stage, but only a time-space portrayal of the Tang Dynasty’s prosperity and decline, extreme division and inability to return to heaven.

(2) The founders of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms were all military strategists, who were brave and foolhardy, and relied on the meritorious military service to favor the king. Most of their heirs were men without great talents. The northern dynasties all died in two generations, and the war was endless. In addition, the Qidan plundered, the Central Plains completely disappeared the political, economic and cultural prosperity pattern created in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and thus lost its consistent cultural core position since the Spring and Autumn Period.

On the other hand, the ten southern countries, far away from the Central Plains, zoned land for prison, maintained a relatively stable situation, and inherited the legacy of the Tang Dynasty, and were fortunate enough to retain the fire of Tang Wenhua, thus starting a new pattern of leading China culture.

(3) In the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, the culture of the prosperous Tang Dynasty began to differentiate from the majestic whole in the social and historical context of the kings’ separatist regime, especially in the south, and gradually became mature and meticulous in the hands of literati, with extremely distinctive regional cultural characteristics of Jiangnan water towns.

As a result, the "Tang and Five Dynasties Culture" was formed, which was a cultural transition stage with unique social and historical characteristics and vivid regional characteristics, and thus constituted the forerunner of the Song Dynasty culture and its cultural forms.

(4) The culture of the Tang and Five Dynasties has a prominent "eschatological complex": on the one hand, it gives vent to the satisfaction of eating, drinking, and enjoying in time, on the other hand, it is full of perplexity, pain, sadness, despair and other emotions that are hard to get rid of.

On the one hand, it gave up the mission of social morality and turned back to the internal observation of itself, on the other hand, it showed its resentment against reality and struggle. On the one hand, it turns to folk customs, on the other hand, it pursues spiritual detachment and dust-free.

In a word, these are typical features of "eschatological complex" in China’s classical culture, and they are vividly reflected in the culture of Tang and Five Dynasties.

Xi. China Song Dynasty (960 -1279)

1. Introduction to Song Dynasty

Song Dynasty is a dynasty in the history of China, which inherited five dynasties and ten countries and started the Yuan Dynasty. It was divided into two stages: the Northern Song Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty, and it lasted for 18 emperors and enjoyed the country for 319 years. Song Dynasty is an era of high prosperity in commodity economy, culture, education and scientific innovation in the history of China.

Neo-Confucianism emerged in the Song Dynasty, Confucianism was revived, science and technology developed rapidly, politics was enlightened, there was no serious eunuch dictatorship and warlord regime, and the number and scale of mutiny and civil unrest were relatively small in the history of China.

Chen Yinque said: "The culture of the Chinese nation has evolved for thousands of years, and it was the culmination of the Zhao and Song Dynasties." There are not a few scholars in western and Japanese historians who think that Song Dynasty is the Renaissance and economic revolution in China’s history.

The Song Dynasty was founded more than 300 years ago, and it was overturned twice, all due to foreign invasion. It was the only dynasty that did not die in civil strife.

2. Characteristics of the Song Dynasty

(1) Farming and pastoral cultures are gradually merging (farming and nomadic cultures are fighting and negotiating with each other);

(2) Prosperous urban commerce (the traditional market structure has been broken);

(3) Colorful literature and art (the world of literati appeared);

(4) Extremely prosperous traditional science and technology (the model and peak of ancient science and technology in China);

(5) Frequent exchanges between China and foreign countries (in the heyday of Sino-foreign relations, there was an unprecedented situation of opening up and exchanges)

3. The historical significance of the Song Dynasty

The Song Dynasty was a unified feudal dynasty established after the Five Dynasties. Influenced by traditional ideas, people often call it "weak Song". However, Deng Guangming and Qi Xia, famous experts in the history of the Song Dynasty, all believed that the Song Dynasty was the peak of China’s feudal society.

Politically, the imperial system of the Song Dynasty had a great influence on later generations, and its outstanding phenomenon was the elimination of the separatist regime of the buffer region, which further formed a unified multi-ethnic country, the autocratic centralization of authority of the Song Dynasty, which was inherited by the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.

In agriculture, the population of Song Dynasty exceeded 100 million, twice as much as that of Han and Tang Dynasties, and the agricultural productivity was greatly improved.

The handicraft industry has made great progress, and the commodity economy has developed prominently, among which the relationship between commodity and currency has made remarkable progress and the maritime trade has never been developed before.

In terms of culture and science and technology, the three great inventions were perfected or invented in the Song Dynasty, which had a great influence on the world. Outstanding achievements have been made in literature, history, education and philosophy.

In a word, the Song Dynasty was at an extremely important stage in the overall process of China’s historical development in terms of economy, politics and culture.

XII. China Yuan Dynasty (1271 -1368)

1. Introduction of Yuan Dynasty

The Yuan Dynasty was founded by Mongolians, which was the first unified dynasty established by ethnic minorities in the history of China. The capital of Dadu (present-day Beijing) was handed down to the Fifth Emperor and the Eleventh Emperor, which lasted for 98 years.

2. Characteristics of the Yuan Dynasty.

(1) a unified multi-ethnic feudal country was consolidated and developed.

The Yuan Dynasty unified the whole country with an unprecedented vast territory; The provincial system has been implemented, and the central authorities have exercised jurisdiction over Tibet, Taiwan Province, Yunnan and other border areas.

(2) The feudal economy continued to develop.

Widespread planting of cotton has promoted the development of cotton textile industry; The smooth transportation of water and sea has promoted economic exchanges; Most of the larger cities are prosperous; Quanzhou’s foreign trade is developed.

(3) frequent exchanges between China and foreign countries

Caravans and envoys from Asia, Eastern Europe and Africa came in an endless stream. Italian Kyle Poirot has lived in China for more than ten years; Gunpowder and gunpowder weapons spread to Europe through Arabs; Quanzhou is the largest foreign trade port.

(4) ethnic integration has been further strengthened.

The Han people have contributed to the development of the frontier, and a large number of ethnic groups in the frontier have moved to the mainland to live together with the Han people. The Khitan, Nuzhen and other ethnic groups who originally entered the Central Plains have merged with the Han nationality; A new minority, the Hui nationality, has been formed. However, the policy of ethnic differentiation in Yuan Dynasty played a negative role in social development.

3. Historical significance of Yuan Dynasty.

In the Yuan Dynasty, Shangshu Province and Menxia Province were abolished, while Zhongshu Province, Privy Council and Yushitai were kept in charge of politics, army and supervision, and the provincial system was implemented locally, which was the first of its kind in China.

The Yuan Dynasty also carried out many malpractices, such as various policies, casting system, expelling system, craftsman system, no system of membership, human sacrifice, curfew, sea ban, etc., which interrupted the process of reform in the Tang and Song Dynasties and profoundly reshaped the history of China after the Song Dynasty.

XIII. China Ming Dynasty (1368 -1644)

1. Introduction of Ming Dynasty

The Ming Dynasty was a unified dynasty established by the Han nationality, which passed down to sixteen emperors and enjoyed the country for 276 years.

In the Ming Dynasty, the territory included Han, and in the early Ming Dynasty, the northeast reached the Sea of Japan and the outer Xing ‘an Mountains, and then it was reduced to the Liaohe River Basin. Reach Yinshan in the north and retreat to the Ming Great Wall; West to Hami, Xinjiang, and then retreat to Jiayuguan; It faces the Bay of Bengal in the southwest and then turns back to Yunnan today. He also set up a detention center in the Qinghai-Tibet region and recovered Annan.

In the Ming Dynasty, handicraft industry and commodity economy flourished, commercial market towns and capitalism sprouted, and culture and art showed a trend of secularization. According to Records of the Ming Dynasty, the peak population was 71.85 million, but most scholars thought it actually exceeded 100 million, and some scholars pointed out that the population in the late Ming Dynasty was close to 200 million.

The Ming Dynasty was the golden age after the Han and Tang Dynasties. There are no consorts of the Han dynasty, the buffer region of the Tang dynasty, and the old coins of the Song dynasty. The emperor guards the country and the king dies. Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty rated Ming Taizu as "Ruling the Tang and Song Dynasties", and The History of Ming Dynasty rated Ming Chengzu as "Yuanmai Han and Tang Dynasties".

2. Characteristics of the Ming Dynasty

The absolute monarchy has been strengthened unprecedentedly; The commodity economy developed unprecedentedly in the middle and late Ming Dynasty. The seeds of capitalism have emerged; Political corruption, high concentration of land, continuous peasant uprising and gradual decline. In the ideological field, anti-feudal thoughts, at the same time, the fields of literature and art are bound to have anti-feudal colors.

3. The historical significance of the Ming Dynasty

(1) from the perspective of worldwide influence.

In the early Ming Dynasty, through Zheng He’s voyages to the Western Seas, countries from Southeast Asia to the Persian Gulf were connected, and China’s influence was enhanced. This should be the last time that China took the initiative to communicate with the West after the Tang Dynasty, which is of great significance.

Then, the Japanese pirates were rampant in the southeast, which led to the implementation of the policy of closing the country to the outside world, which affected the Qing Dynasty and eventually accelerated the demise of the feudal dynasty in China.

(2) from the perspective of economic development

The Ming Dynasty was the seed of capitalism in China, which was also an important stroke in the history of China. Although the germination of capitalism in China was only a flash in the pan, the historical position of the Ming Dynasty could not be denied.

(3) from the territorial theory

The territory area of the Ming Dynasty, though not the largest in China history, is basically the main activity area of Han people now. Although the territory was further expanded after the Qing dynasty entered the customs, the territory of the Ming dynasty was also very large.

(4) from the political system.

The Ming Dynasty abolished the prime minister system in China for thousands of years, and the centralization of monarchy was further improved. In addition, the cabinet system of the Ming dynasty and the three provinces and six departments have been used until the Qing dynasty. The political system of the Ming Dynasty is an important part in the history of China.

Fourteen, China Qing Dynasty (1616-1912)

1. Introduction to Qing Dynasty

The Qing Dynasty (1616-1912) was the last feudal dynasty in the history of China, with 12 emperors, totaling 296 years. It was 276 years since the name of the country was changed to Qing Dynasty. It is 268 years since the Qing soldiers entered the customs and established national political power.

After the Opium War, it was invaded by foreign powers, and its sovereignty and territory were seriously lost. It also began the exploration of modernization, and carried out modernization reforms such as the Westernization Movement and the Reform Movement of 1898. The Sino-Japanese War and Eight-Nation Alliance’s invasion of China further deepened the national crisis.

In the late Qing Dynasty, China was completely reduced to a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. On February 12, 1912, Yuan Shikai, the minister of Beiyang, induced Pu Yi, the Qing emperor, to abdicate, issued an abdication edict, and realized the Republic of the five ethnic groups, thus ending the Qing Dynasty.

2. Characteristics of the Qing Dynasty

The Qing army carried out shaving and changing clothes politically, and militarily attacked the peasant army and Nanming regimes, and gradually occupied China. Then, after three dynasties in Kang Yong, it developed to Dingfeng. During this period, the unified multi-ethnic country was consolidated, which basically laid the territory of China, and at the same time, the autocratic monarchy reached its peak.

However, in the middle and late period, due to political rigidity, cultural autocracy, closed doors and ideological stagnation, it gradually fell behind the world. The Sino-British Opium War broke out in 1840, which was invaded by foreign powers and seriously lost sovereignty.

3. The historical significance of the Qing Dynasty

Kang Yong’s three dynasties reached its peak, during which the traditional society of China made unprecedented development achievements. It was unified and consolidated in a multi-ethnic country, and the rulers of the Qing Dynasty unified the Mongolian ministries, incorporated Xinjiang and Tibet into the territory, and implemented the policy of returning land to the southwest. Finally, the modern territory of China was determined, and the integrity of the country’s territorial sovereignty was actively safeguarded.

However, feudal autocracy also reached its peak, and gradually fell behind the west in the middle and late period due to political rigidity, cultural autocracy, and closed doors.

Source: China History Network

2014 is the "first year of self-making" for China video websites to concentrate on the field of self-made dramas. Compared with traditional TV dramas, how to truly create an Internet phenomenal super-online drama and open up a big online drama era beyond traditional TV dramas,Various video websites have invested the largest amount of capital and resources in the history in the direction of self-production. At present, the most powerful one is the "Hurry that Year" with a single investment of over one million.

After it was launched on August 4th, the youth online drama "In a hurry that year" quickly occupied the first place in all kinds of rankings of word of mouth and hot search, surpassing not only all online dramas, but also TV dramas such as swords of legends, Divorce Lawyer, Ten Years of Love and Obstetrician, which have been popular in TV stations recently.

The major search indexes ranked first.

The online drama "In a hurry that year" focuses on the theme of nostalgic youth, bringing the past youth growth of the post-80 s to the audience with the roles of Chen Xun, Fang Fen, Qiao Ran, Lin Jiamo and Zhao Ye. Although the online drama "In a hurry that year" is a memory story of the post-80s generation, it has also attracted the same drama-chasing craze. It can also be seen from the trend of Baidu index that the popularity of "In a hurry that year" has continued to climb since its first broadcast. Only seven days later, on August 11, Baidu index surpassed all online dramas in the same period and became the first. Looking at the 7-day overall increase rate of Baidu index, the overall year-on-year increase rate and mobile year-on-year increase rate of "In a hurry" both reached the peak of 1000%, and it is a new generation of self-made "drama king" in terms of growth momentum.

In a hurry that year, a weekly online drama, broke the boundary between online drama and TV drama, and brought online drama into a brand-new "big era". First of all, in terms of production cost, the input specification of each episode exceeds one million, which is already the production cost of first-line TV series; Secondly, in terms of shooting specifications, it is the first in China to apply 4K HD shooting technology to film and television drama shooting; In addition, film-level personnel and resources are invested in editing and publicity, and the promotion efforts have reached the peak of the online video industry. Unlike Divorce Lawyer, which was launched on the same day as the last drama, Hurriedly That Year represents a more subversive future.

High-level, high-standard, high-input, so that the fans of "In a hurry that year" are not disappointed. Late-stage, editing, sound effects and other large-scale productions, the difference only depends on the shortcomings of the star’s China TV drama industry, and the focus of the big online drama is subversive high quality. "In a hurry that year" received a large-scale investment of more than one million episodes, and pioneered the 4K high-definition shooting on the Internet. It has been compared with TV dramas in terms of pre-shooting, post-production, music sound effects, broadcasting platform and marketing, realizing the unprecedented all-round subversion of the Internet industry and opening the era of "big network drama" 4K high-definition drama viewing. Since its first broadcast on August 4th, "In a hurry that year" has continued to dominate the list of topics in Weibo in Weibo. Continuously boarded the hot list of topics in Weibo, hot TV series, film and television hot search list, etc.

　

Douban 8.1′ s high score beats TV drama.

"In a hurry that year" not only has a high attention craze, but also has high praise. On Douban, 8.1 points were scored in Rush Year, 7.1 points in swords of legends, 6.8 points in Divorce Lawyer and 7.9 points in Ten Years of Love … … The 8.1 points of "In a hurry that year" have surpassed some high-profile TV dramas.

Some netizens said: "My drama-following weekly schedule is finally full. I will follow" The Year of Hurriedness "on Monday and Tuesday, and" swords of legends "&hellip on Wednesday and Thursday; …” However, the actors in that year in a hurry are all "small fresh meat", which completely breaks the traditional rule of taking the drama with the stars and puts all the large investment in the repertoire on creating the quality of that year in a hurry. Although "In a hurry that year" and "Divorce Lawyer" are the same as satellite TV dramas with millions of investments, the actors in satellite TV dramas account for the vast majority, and the production may not be as good as "In a hurry that year".

　

Zero bad review and high recommendation

"In a hurry that year" held a national touring movie-watching activity in Beijing, Guangzhou, Shenyang, Chengdu and Zhengzhou. In five places, a group of media people and "in a hurry" fans can enjoy the "In a hurry" filmed by 4K ultra-high-definition technology in advance. As a result, in the process of touring movies, the repertoire evaluation with zero bad reviews and high recommendation rate of fans was obtained.

In the eyes of many media people, "In a hurry" not only triggered a wave of topics about the post-80 s youth, but also produced and filmed the drama’s 4K high-definition pictures, exquisite editing of big movies, role selection that fits the plot, which completely compared with the scale of the film’s announcement and completely refreshed the media people’s understanding of self-made online dramas. At the same time, the online drama "In a hurry that year" was also highly recommended by the famous writer Zhang Jiajia, which once again showed the high recognition of "In a hurry that year" in the industry.

　

"In a hurry that year" adopted the big movie-style announcement specification, which not only adopted the big movie specification in shooting and editing, but also allowed the audience in five places who watched the movie in advance to enjoy the brand-new enjoyment of watching the 4K high-definition online drama in the cinema. As far as the final audience watch drama questionnaire is concerned, "In a hurry that year" won no bad review score and a high recommendation rate of 99%.

　

　

　

　

　

　

Many people will follow the trend when buying a car, and many technology configurations can greatly enhance people’s daily convenience, which is still very worth buying. What I bring to you today is that it has many highlights. Let’s take a good look at it.

First of all, from the appearance, the light blue VELITE 6 pure electric locomotive head presents a solid design style, with flying wing grille, which makes people unforgettable. Coupled with the headlights of fashion sports, it is the finishing touch on the front face. The car is equipped with automatic opening and closing, delayed closing and so on. Coming to the side of the car body, the size of the car body is 4650MM*1817MM*1519MM, and the car adopts soft lines, which gives people a very unique feeling. With large-sized thick-walled tires, it gives people a very domineering feeling. In the rear design, the overall shape of the micro-blue VELITE 6 pure electric car tail echoes the front of the car, the taillights are very simple, and the whole looks very fashionable and simple.

Coming into the car, the design of the micro-blue VELITE 6 pure electric interior is very calm, which is very in line with the tastes of young consumers. The steering wheel of the car is well designed, equipped with the functions of manual adjustment of the steering wheel up and down, and everything looks very dynamic and lively. From the central control point of view, the 10-inch central control screen is used for decoration, which makes the interior design quite layered and gives people a sense of fierceness. Finally, let’s look at the dashboard and seats. The dashboard design is remarkable and the sports atmosphere is relatively in place. The car uses a leather-like seat, the seat is wrapped in place, and the overall ride feels soft and comfortable.

Light blue VELITE 6 pure electric matching gearbox, 130KW, 265N.m, with good power performance.

In terms of configuration, the light blue VELITE 6 pure electric vehicle is equipped with traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.), supports CarPlay, supports CarLife, Bluetooth /WIFI connection, cruise control, intelligent key and other configurations.

After reading this car, I believe you have a general understanding. The car with moderate size is a very suitable choice for many families, and the internal space is enough for daily use in families.

Beijing News Shell Financial News (Reporter Wang Linlin) On November 17th, the new BMW 5 Series long wheelbase version of BMW Group was launched in the world at Guangzhou Auto Show. The new car will be listed at the end of January 2024 and delivered one after another.

The new BMW 5 Series long wheelbase is a customized model in China market, and the BMW Group claims that it has the ability to expand to L3-class automatic driving; In addition, the new BMW 5 Series applies L2+ intelligent driver assistance system and is equipped with BMW’s first automatic lane change function with line-of-sight confirmation. In addition, the BMW 5 Series introduced pure electric vehicles for the first time, and the BMW i5 adopted the fifth-generation BMW eDrive electric drive technology and BMW’s latest charging technology; The launch of BMW i5 also means that the pure electric products of BMW Group cover almost all major market segments.

In the first 10 months of this year, the sales volume of BMW pure electric vehicles in the domestic market increased by 211% year-on-year to 78,568 vehicles. In terms of charging infrastructure, by the end of October 2023, BMW’s public charging network had connected more than 580,000 public charging piles nationwide; In August this year, the BMW Super Charging Station project, which is open to all brands of electric vehicles, was officially launched. BMW plans to cover nine cities including Guangzhou within three months, and it is estimated that about 50 stations will be completed by the end of 2023.

Editor Song Yuting

Proofread Junyan Zhang

　　"hello! "Big Girl" is a documentary interview program for women, which talks with women strugglers from all walks of life, shows their thinking, choice, persistence and transcendence in their respective situations, and records the voices of women of the times. This time, Euler cooperated with the program to pay tribute to "her time" with the guests, so that "her strength" could be seen by more people, and at the same time, she took the opportunity to endorse independent and confident women.

　　

　　World champions, redefine big girls:

　　

• When the women’s shot put world champion shows the unknown "soft" side;

• 　　When Wan Qian, a young actor with his head held high, devoted himself to the stage and behind the scenes;

• 　　When Zheng Xiaoying, the chief female conductor of China, interprets fearless big girls with passion and challenge;

• 　　When Tan Yuanyuan, the Queen of Ballet, danced with her friends for Fantasy Night in the Art Museum;

• 　　When Gong Linna, a national singer, digs her own "wildness" and explores the pace of freedom;

• 　　When Chen Xuan, an architect, pursues himself, explores boundaries and pursues a more valuable and diverse life;

• 　　When China athlete Zhang Hong interprets the blooming of different flowering periods, he adapts himself and does his best …

　　Throw away one-sided and rigid labels, break the so-called perfection, accept the true and rich self, and listen to the program sponsor Yang Lan, in Hello! The term "big girl" is particularly three-dimensional and rich under the program lens of "Big Girl".

　　

　　From "Hello! The program "Big Girls" has created the female-friendly characteristics of Euler’s good cat products, all of which are interpreting such a voice: the strength of women is worth seeing and promoting the social influence of women’s spiritual values.

　　

　　Adeline Virginia Woolf once said: "A woman should not be a still life in a vase for people to watch, but a rhythm that dances with the wind on the grassland." The light rhythm of women deserves to be seen and applauded.

　　On November 17th, 2023 Guangzhou Auto Show opened. Previously, to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the establishment of the brand, three commemorative models were launched, namely, án STO, Huracán Tecnica and Huracán EVO Spyder, with a limited edition of 60 vehicles each. Among them, the limited edition of Huracan Tecnica’s 60th anniversary achieved the Asia-Pacific first show at this auto show; At the same time, Lamborghini’s first HPEV high-performance V12 hybrid super-running Revuelto and super SUV Urus were unveiled.

　　This model is a limited edition model specially designed to celebrate the 60th anniversary of Lamborghini, and only 60 models have been sold worldwide. Huracán Tecnica 60th Anniversary Limited Edition adds two unique coatings to the ordinary Huracá n Tecnica appearance.

　　One is white-green appearance and black-green interior, and the other is black-gray-red appearance and black-red interior. The white and green models displayed this time will carry out the green flower pulling to the end, with two parallel green flower pulling from the front of the car to the roof. The exterior rearview mirror and the side door of the car will also be made of green ribbon, and the large spoiler and diffuser at the rear will also be treated with flower pulling.

　　The new front diverter is equipped with a deflector, which can steering flow through the hub like the ordinary version, helping to improve the downforce and cooling effect. The brand-new 20-inch diamond-cut Damiso wheels are inspired by Vision GT models, creating a strong sports effect.

　　A striking 60-digit sign was drawn under the door, and this 60th anniversary sign also appeared on the seat. It highlights the uniqueness of the commemorative model.

　　In the interior, the sporty seat of the new car has green ribbons and green stitching, which makes people remember deeply. At the same time, carbon fiber can be seen under the seat headrest. Wide side wings can provide good lumbar lateral support.

　　In terms of power, it is equipped with a 5.2-liter naturally aspirated V10 engine, with a maximum power of 640 HP and a maximum torque of 565 Nm. The transmission system includes a 7-speed dual clutch gearbox and a four-wheel drive system. 0-100km/h acceleration time is 3.2 seconds. In addition, the new car is equipped with a re-adjusted Lamborghini LDVI vehicle dynamic control system, a variety of driving modes and specially adjusted suspension settings, which makes Huracan Tecnica have excellent performance on roads and tracks.

　　Lamborghini’s first HPEV high-performance V12 hybrid supercar, the brand-new Revuelto, has been unveiled again since its debut at the last auto show. Revuelto adopts a new design language. The new car incorporates aerospace elements, and the "Y" element appears repeatedly in the center of headlights, taillights, large-size side air intakes and instrument panels. The iconic V12 engine is exposed at the rear of the car.

　　The interior design creates an immersive driving experience of "integration of people and vehicles" for drivers. The new car also uses a brand-new monohull inspired by aviation and made entirely of carbon fiber, that is, monofuselage.

　　The power of the new car consists of a V12 naturally aspirated engine and three motors. In addition to the new 8-speed dual-clutch gearbox, there are also two oil-cooled axial flux motors installed at the front and a 25 kW rear motor integrated in the gearbox, which can output 1015 horsepower.

　　The new car adopts advanced chassis and aerodynamic design, and is equipped with 100% carbon fiber front-end structure, setting a new benchmark in performance and driving experience. This plug-in hybrid vehicle offers 13 driving modes to choose from, including pure electric driving.

　　In terms of appearance, the front face is very recognizable, the lines on the hood are smooth, and the bulges on both sides enrich the whole front face. The front face design composed of large-size air intake grille, LED daytime running lights and headlight groups highlights its sports characteristics.

　　On this side of the body, the body lines are smooth and powerful, with a three-dimensional waistline, a slip back design, and the wheel eyebrows are blackened. The lower enclosure is very thick, and the design of bilateral four-outlet exhaust pipes similar to super sports cars is adopted, which highlights the strength and dynamics of Urus S.

　　In terms of interior, the overall style combines fashion and mechanical sense, showing a luxurious and scientific design concept. Physical buttons are still used on the steering wheel, similar to the design of urban SUV, which can quickly switch between different modes. The center console uses a 12.3-inch high-definition touch screen and integrates the latest Infotainment system, providing rich entertainment, navigation and vehicle management functions.

　　The fighter-style gear handle style has a good grip. There are not many models that can have so many physical buttons now. Hexagonal irregular air conditioning vents are also ok, and they are rarely used now. In terms of details, many places are covered with soft bags and suede, which has a delicate texture and good comfort.

　　In terms of power, Urus S is equipped with a 4.0T twin-turbo V8 engine with a maximum output of 640 HP and a peak torque of 850 Nm. Matching it is the 8AT gearbox. The acceleration of 100 kilometers is 3.6 seconds, and the top speed is 305 kilometers per hour. The chassis of Urus S adopts adaptive air suspension, which can show different handling performance in STRADA (road), SPORT (sport), CORSA (track) and EGO (custom) driving modes. Urus S is also equipped with a full-time four-wheel drive system and an intelligent electronic stability control system to ensure the safety and stability of driving.

　　Sixty years ago, in the then empty rural area, Lamborghini Motor Company began to build factories. The company was founded on May 6, 1963. In the field of super sports cars, which were dominated by only a few brands at that time, ferrucio lamborghini realized his dream of becoming a super-running manufacturer. Today, Lamborghini has also become the dream cars of many people.

[Autohome Shanghai Promotion Channel] brings you exclusive promotions: the most talked-about models are currently under major promotion in Shanghai, and you can enjoy a car purchase subsidy of up to 30,000 yuan. The minimum starting price of this hardcore SUV has been adjusted to 209,800 yuan, providing consumers with an attractive car purchase option. To seize this rare promotion opportunity, be sure to click the "Check Car Price" button in the quotation form to ensure access to the latest market offers and personalized car purchase plans.

The exterior design of the Beijing BJ60 is full of hardcore off-road atmosphere. The front face is equipped with a family-style five-hole air intake grille and rough chrome decoration, showing strength and recognition. The body lines are smooth and firm, and the overall style is both modern and traditional off-road style, showing the toughness and luxury of off-road models.

With its 5040mm body length, 1955mm width and 1925mm height, the Beijing BJ60 exhibits a robust and atmospheric body proportions. The wheelbase reaches 2820mm, ensuring ample interior space and driving stability. Its side lines are smooth, outlining the combination of power and elegance. The distribution of the front and rear wheel bases of 1620mm makes the overall body more balanced. The tire specification is 265/65 R18, and it is matched with a delicate wheel rim design, which not only strengthens the visual impact of the vehicle, but also ensures good grip and driving performance.

The interior design of the Beijing BJ60 focuses on the combination of luxury and practicality. It uses a delicate leather steering wheel to provide a comfortable grip, supports manual up and down + front and rear adjustment, and is convenient for drivers to adjust as needed. The center console is equipped with a 12.8-inch large-size touch screen, which has clear display effects and rich functions. It supports automatic speech recognition control system, which is easy for drivers to operate during driving.

In terms of seats, the Beijing BJ60 is made of imitation leather, and the front seats support front and rear adjustment, backrest adjustment, high and low adjustment (4 directions), leg rest adjustment and waist support (4 directions), providing excellent ride comfort. In addition, the front seats are also equipped with heating, ventilation and massage functions, so that the driver can also get all-round care during long-distance driving. The passenger seat is also rich in configuration, which can be adjusted front and rear, backrest adjustment and high and low adjustment (2 directions), and is equipped with waist support (4 directions).

It is worth noting that there are also USB and Type-C ports in the car. There are 3 ports in the front row and 2 in the back row, which is convenient for passengers to charge electronic devices and provide wireless charging function for mobile phones. The addition of these configurations makes the interior of the Beijing BJ60 meet not only the sense of luxury, but also the needs of modern technology and practicality.

The Beijing BJ60 is powered by a 2.0T turbocharged engine capable of delivering a maximum power output of 120 kilowatts and a maximum torque of 400 Nm. The power unit delivers 163 horsepower and is paired with an eight-speed manual transmission to meet the driver’s demand for performance and handling.

Summarizing the owner’s evaluation, the Beijing BJ60 won his recognition for its unique body design and powerful functionality. The owner said that the streamlined design of the body not only shows domineering, but also allows him to experience convenience in actual operation, especially the fashion sense of the front and the beauty of the rear. This comprehensive performance has undoubtedly won the love of many owners of the Beijing BJ60 and become a reliable partner for their confident travel.

Goethe once said that "experience is the eternal teacher". Experience is like a mirror, we can see the past through it, and we can also predict the future through it. The latest price of the new Honda CRV, the highest discount for the Honda CRV in Beijing Dongfeng Honda 4S store is 60,000 yuan. Where is the cheapest place to buy the new Honda CRV? How about the new Honda CRV? 2019 new Honda CRV appearance, interior, picture, configuration, fuel consumption, power parameter details. Honda specially launched this group buying reserve price sale national event to give back to new and old customers! The price of all naked cars in our store was greatly reduced during the event! If you make an appointment through Manager Liang, you can also get a beautifully decorated gift package of 28,000 yuan! If you buy a car successfully, you can reimburse round-trip travel expenses (the limit for 2 people is 3,000 yuan)

In terms of appearance, the new generation CR-V adopts Honda’s latest family-style exterior design. The front face adopts a hexagonal front air intake grille and adds thick chrome-plated decorative strips. The headlights are connected to the chrome-plated strips, and their internal structure has been readjusted, and LED light sources have been added. From the side, the black plastic surround under the new car body and the silver anti-friction protection plate under the rear of the car add a touch of off-road temperament to the car. In terms of the appearance of the new Honda CRV, the new car’s tail lights adopt a new "L" design. At the same time, the exhaust layout of two sides also improves the overall aesthetics. The new car has little change in terms of body size. The length, width and height are 4585 * 1855 * 1679mm respectively, and the wheelbase has increased slightly to 2660mm.

In terms of the new CR-V hybrid interior, the overall texture of the new CR-V has been greatly improved compared to the current model. The central control part is made of a large area of slush material, and black piano lacquer panels and wood grain panels are used to embellish it. The new CR-V is also equipped with a three-frame steering wheel and LCD dashboard, which is more technological. The new car’s center console is equipped with a very eye-catching large floating LCD screen, which integrates a new multimedia system, navigation, voice-activated CarPlay and Android Auto.

In terms of power, the new CR-V Rui · Hybrid is equipped with the same LFA 2.0L Atkinson cycle naturally aspirated engine as the Spray/Accord Rui · Hybrid model. It consists of dual electric motors, electric CVT gearbox, PCU power Control Unit and lithium battery. Its maximum output power is 145 horsepower. With the assistance of dual electric motors, the i-MMD hybrid system can achieve a combined maximum output power of 215 horsepower. The MIIT comprehensive fuel consumption of the new car is only 4.8L/100km, which is more fuel-efficient than the fuel consumption of the current CR-V gasoline version 2.0L model.

Our store promises: 1. The company solemnly promises that during the event, the purchase of any model on sale in the company can enjoy the lowest price in the country, and the price difference will be made up if you buy it. 2. All models on sale in our store are regular new commodity cars. You can enjoy the national joint insurance three-guarantee policy. And you can get free first warranty and subsequent maintenance in a regular 4S store authorized by any manufacturer in the country. 3. On the day of purchase, the company can issue all vehicle procedures (invoices, certificates of conformity, consistency certificates, vehicle information sheets, vehicle instruction manuals, three-guarantee cards, maintenance cards, etc.) to ensure that all foreign customers can return to the local area to settle down and register normally. 4. Free airport special car pick-up and drop-off for foreign customers. Our store will handle (7 days) temporary licenses for you for free, no need to worry about going on the road.

There are many options for gasoline + 48V light hybrid system cars now, just as we said today. Let’s take a look together.

Take a look at the appearance of the Cadillac XT5 first. The front style of the Cadillac XT5 looks very personalized and cool. It is equipped with a three-frame middle net, which looks sporty. Then it adopts a sharp headlight design to improve the grade of the whole car. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, adaptive far and near light, delayed closing, etc. To the side, the body size of the car is 4813MM*1903MM*1686MM, the car adopts domineering lines, the body gives a very delicate feeling, with large-sized thick-walled tires, smooth lines run through the entire side. On the rear design, the rear of the car looks very fashionable and atmospheric, and the taillights are very sharp, creating a good aura.

Inside the car, the interior looks very cold and rich in functions. The steering wheel of the car is very simple and stylish, made of genuine leather, and the palm fit is very high. Let’s take a look at the central control. The design of the center console is reasonable, which makes the interior style impressive and looks a certain sense of technology. The interior feels good. Let’s take a look at the dashboard and seats. The dashboard of the car presents a deep design style and creates a sporty atmosphere. The car adopts leather seats, which are equipped with functions such as electric adjustment of the sub-seat, electric adjustment of the seat with memory, and seat ratio reclining, which is comfortable.

The Cadillac XT5 trunk space performance is OK. If you have large items on the road, you can put down the rear seats to expand the space. At the same time, the car is equipped with night vision system, brake anti-lock braking (ABS), LED daytime running lights, brake assistance (EBA/BAS, etc.), braking force distribution (EBD) main driver’s airbag, passenger seat airbag, knee airbag, side aircurtain, front side airbag and other safety configurations.

After reading today’s talk, do you have a lot of ideas? Models at this level often offer a good balance of cost performance and practicality, and are often considered by most consumers to be the first choice when buying a car.

A good actor can enter the play in one second no matter how harsh the conditions are. In the eleventh episode of Zhejiang Satellite TV’s OPPO "I am an Actor", the actors brought everyone a new surprise in their acting skills through a short improvisation, which amazed everyone. In addition, the actors’ wonderful competition in the works "Struggle", "Days of Leaving Lei Feng" and "Step by Step" also won praise from the whole network. The surprise birth of the top 9 has detonated the audience’s expectations for the new stage of drama. Many netizens said that "I am excited when I think about it, and the hard-hitting acting competition is set."

Enter Blueberry Video to watch the latest full video of "I Am the Actor" > >

Wang Yang, Tu Songyan, and Zhang Junping’s extreme interpretation made netizens call it "enjoyable"

After Han Xue and Liu Huan successfully advanced to the top 9, Wang Yang, Tu Songyan, and Zhang Junjun also stood out with their extreme performances that were beyond the past. While the three got the direct promotion quota, they also received praise from netizens. "The mentors are really the elites selected by the elites, and these three actors have no problem advancing." "A week has not been in vain, and it is too enjoyable to watch you play." And the breakthrough performances of Li Landy, Jin Shijia, Song Yi, Li Qian, Jingchao, and Tan Jianji were praised by netizens as "the real force in the future".

In addition to the excellent performance in the competition, the actors’ impromptu performances in this issue are also full of excitement. At the scene, the portrayal of ************* Landy, and Jin Shijia as "speech impediments" infected everyone, and some netizens marveled that "it turns out that you can use your acting skills to achieve empathy without lines"; Tu Songyan, Song Yi, and Li Qian’s "tongue twister lines" made many people praise "good actors can really enter any situation"; Zhang Junjun, Jingchao, and Danjianzi’s "Lonely Train" made the audience see more possibilities in their acting skills.

The surprise of the top 9 "actors" was born, and the new stage of the drama detonated the audience’s expectations

In the end, Zhang Ziyi chose to resurrect the "fearsome" Li Landy, while Wu Xiubo gave the resurrection right to Song Yi, who had the courage to challenge himself. The netizens sighed, "Sister Landy, don’t cry, looking forward to a bigger breakthrough between you and Song Yi, both actors are dark horses in my heart." Some audience members encouraged the eliminated actors, "It’s great to have the courage to walk on this stage and accept the test of acting skills."

It is worth mentioning that Li Qian subverted the previous "villain" portrayal and also gained the only benefit of "actor recommendation" Zhang Guoli. In the show, Li Qian and Tu Songyan, who was directly promoted, were only two votes apart, and their superb acting skills were obvious to all. Some netizens affirmed that "Li Qian’s acting skills are worthy of this surprise, and the spring of good actors has really come, borrowing from Brother Shanzheng’s words." So far, the surprise of the top 9 of "I Am an Actor" was born, and many audience members laughed and said, "It is hard to imagine how wonderful the next drama will be, but they are ready to close their eyes and blow."

What exciting moments will the top 9 actors present in the new competition system? Who will get the "ticket" to the finals? Please look forward to next Saturday (December 1st) at 20:15 Zhejiang Satellite TV OPPO "I am an actor".