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　　6月1日出版的第11期《求是》杂志发表中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席最高领袖的重要文章《中国式现代化是中国共产党领导的社会主义现代化》。

　　文章强调，党的二十大报告明确指出：“中国式现代化，是中国共产党领导的社会主义现代化。”这是对中国式现代化定性的话，是管总、管根本的。党的领导直接关系中国式现代化的根本方向、前途命运、最终成败。

　　文章指出，党的领导决定中国式现代化的根本性质。党的性质宗旨、初心使命、信仰信念、政策主张决定了中国式现代化是社会主义现代化，而不是别的什么现代化。我们党始终高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，坚定不移地走中国特色社会主义道路，确保中国式现代化在正确的轨道上顺利推进。我们党坚持把马克思主义作为根本指导思想，不断开辟马克思主义中国化时代化新境界，为中国式现代化提供科学指引。我们党坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度，为中国式现代化稳步前行提供坚强制度保证。我们党坚持和发展中国特色社会主义文化，为中国式现代化提供强大精神力量。只有毫不动摇坚持党的领导，中国式现代化才能前景光明、繁荣兴盛；否则，中国式现代化就会偏离航向、丧失灵魂，甚至犯颠覆性错误。

　　The article points out that the party’s leadership ensures that the goal of Chinese modernization is stable and far-reaching. Our party has always adhered to its original mission, determined to seek happiness for the people of China and the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, persisted in unifying lofty ideals and phased goals, and continued to struggle, struggle hard and struggle unremittingly. Since the reform and opening up, our goal of building a socialist modern country has been gradual and consistent, and has been enriched and improved with the development of practice. The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China drew a clearer picture of the goal of China’s development by 2035, and scientifically described the grand blueprint for building a socialist modernization power in an all-round way and promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation in an all-round way. Building a socialist modern country is the consistent goal of our party, which has been pushed forward from generation to generation, and has continuously achieved brilliant achievements that attract worldwide attention and shine in history.

　　The article points out that the party’s leadership has inspired a strong driving force for building Chinese modernization. Reform and opening up is a key measure to determine the fate of contemporary China, and it is also a key measure to determine the success or failure of Chinese modernization. After the reform and opening-up, our party has continuously promoted the system reform in various fields, and formed and developed a vibrant system and mechanism that conforms to the national conditions of contemporary China. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, with great political courage, our party has comprehensively deepened the reform, broken through the shackles of ideological concepts, broken through the barriers of solidification of interests, and resolutely eliminated the shortcomings of various institutional mechanisms. The reform has changed from local exploration and breakthrough to system integration and comprehensive deepening, and many fields have achieved historic changes, systematic reshaping and overall reconstruction, injecting inexhaustible power into Chinese modernization.

　　The article points out that the party’s leadership embodies the majestic power of building Chinese modernization. Our party deeply understands that Chinese modernization is the cause of hundreds of millions of people, and the people are the main body of Chinese modernization. We must rely on the people closely, respect their creative spirit, and pool the wisdom and strength of all the people to promote the continuous development of Chinese modernization. We adhere to the party’s mass line and strive to win the heartfelt support of the people for the party’s theory, line, principles and policies. We adhere to the people’s yearning for a better life as the goal of struggle, adhere to the people-centered development thinking, and let the achievements of Chinese modernization benefit all the people more and more fairly. Our party develops people’s democracy in the whole process, ensuring that the people manage state affairs, economic and cultural undertakings and social affairs through various channels and forms according to law, and devote themselves enthusiastically to modernization with the spirit of ownership. Our party inspires, inspires and inspires people with the beautiful vision of Chinese modernization, and condenses the majestic power of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way.

　　BEIJING, Aug. 5 (Xinhua)-With the widening gap in vaccination rates between rich and poor countries, the World Health Organization has issued the strongest appeal so far, asking rich countries to temporarily postpone booster vaccination. On August 4th, local time, WHO Director-General Tan Desai said that rich countries should wait until at least the end of September before distributing COVID-19 vaccine booster. The move is to ensure that at least 10% of the population in every country can be vaccinated.

　　Tan Desai said: "I understand the concerns of governments about protecting their people from Delta virus attacks. But we can’t accept that countries that have exhausted most of the global vaccine supply use more vaccines. "

　　He said: "We appeal to all influential people — — Olympic athletes, investors, business leaders, religious leaders, and everyone in the family and society support our call to suspend additional vaccination at least before the end of September. "

　　Tan Desai said: "We need to urgently reverse the situation, from the situation that most vaccines flow to high-income countries to providing most vaccines to low-income countries."

　　However, WHO experts believe that it may be necessary to further delay the application of booster shots for a sufficient number of people worldwide to be vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccine before the end of 2021.

　　According to WHO, booster shots should be given only after every country in the world ensures that 10% of the population is protected by vaccines. Kate O ‘Brien, Director of Immunization, Vaccine and Biology of WHO, pointed out: "We need to focus on those who are most vulnerable and most likely to suffer from serious diseases and death, and let them get the first and second shots."

　　According to WHO, in May, every 100 people in high-income countries were vaccinated with about 50 doses of vaccine, and this number has doubled since then. Due to the lack of supply, low-income countries only received about 1.5 doses of vaccine per 100 people.

　　In the face of WHO’s appeal, White House press secretary Psaki responded on the 4th that it would be a "wrong choice" to suspend vaccination. The United States can continue to provide fortifiers for its citizens while supplying vaccines to the whole world.

　　In July, the United States signed an agreement with Pfizer and BioNTech to order an additional 200 million doses of COVID-19 vaccine to expand the vaccination rate of children and prepare for vaccination with booster later this year.

　　Fauci, the chief infectious disease expert in the United States, said on August 3 that health experts are still considering the necessity of providing fortifiers for people with weak immunity.

　　At present, some countries have begun to inoculate or study the necessity of fortifier. On the 2nd local time in Germany, it was said that it would start to provide fortifiers for vulnerable people in September. The United Arab Emirates has also started the process of providing fortifiers to high-risk groups such as the elderly. Last week, the Israeli government announced that it would start the third dose of vaccine for people over 60 in August.

　　If you want to defeat the virus, you must understand the virus.

　　As a living body in the micro-world, virus must be supported by science and technology to see through the source of its disease and the principle of its poison and to crack its evolution and transmission mechanism.

The picture shows the virus picture for the Military Medical Research Institute.

　　They are very old — —

　　Appearing in the early days of the origin of life, it is the oldest and most primitive "indigenous people" on the earth.

　　They are tiny — —

　　The biggest virus is only one tenth of the diameter of a hair.

　　They are simple — —

　　It is basically a "genetic material (DNA or RNA)+ protein capsid" model.

The picture shows the personnel of the military medical expert group in the front line of Wuhan’s anti-epidemic. The picture is provided by the Military Medical Research Institute.

　　They are "fragile" — —

　　Can’t live independently, you need to find an ideal host to complete the reproduction and evolution. Once you leave the host, only death awaits them.

　　They are huge — —

　　There are more than 10 bacteriophages (viruses infected with bacteria) in the world’s waters alone. If they are lined up, the total length will reach 200 million light years.

　　They are everywhere — —

　　There are viruses everywhere on the earth where there is life.

　　From sea to land, from plants to animals, from bacteria to fungi … … Even in the human genome, there are virus genome sequences.

　　What causes it is still a mystery.

The picture shows the researchers of Wuhan anti-epidemic frontline processing the samples to be solved. Photo courtesy of Military Medical Research Institute.

　　Fortunately, most viruses are harmless to human beings.

　　So far, only 14 virulent viruses have been found to seriously threaten human life and health, such as smallpox, influenza, hepatitis, AIDS, SARS, Ebola and so on.

　　Usually,The virus only proliferates and spreads in certain kinds of hosts.It is difficult to "move" from one host to another.

　　butWhen some virus mutations accumulate to a certain extentAfter that, it can successfully cross the interspecific barrier of the host, proliferate and spread continuously in the new host, causing the disease and death of the new host, which may lead to an epidemic.

　　The picture shows that the first-line researchers in Wuhan are receiving samples from the Military Medical Research Institute.

　　Looking at the current epidemic situation, emerging infectious diseases have always affected the global nerves.

　　Establishing and perfecting the public health system is the defense strategy for human beings to prevent and control epidemics. Starting from the construction of ecological civilization, it is the fundamental way to achieve coordinated development and harmonious coexistence between man and nature.

Jing Guo Zi Fa [2022] No.11

Municipalities in charge of enterprises:

　　In order to implement the spirit of the opinions of the Central Committee, the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government on coordinating epidemic prevention and control and stabilizing economic growth, the Municipal State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (SASAC) has studied and formulated the "Implementation Opinions on Coordinating Epidemic Prevention and Control and Stabilizing Economic Growth by Municipal Management Enterprises" (hereinafter referred to as the "Implementation Opinions"), which has been deliberated and adopted at the 16th meeting of the Party Committee of SASAC and the 10th director’s office meeting of SASAC, and is hereby printed and distributed to you. Please conscientiously implement it in light of the actual situation.

　　Municipalities in charge of enterprises should strengthen organizational leadership according to the work requirements of the Implementation Opinions, set up a working group for stabilizing economic growth with the main leaders in charge and in charge, establish a working mechanism, decompose tasks step by step, implement responsibilities, strengthen supervision and inspection, and strengthen information communication to ensure the steady growth work is implemented.

　　State-owned assets supervision institutions in all districts can carefully study the implementation measures of district-owned enterprises with reference to the "Implementation Opinions" and make overall plans to promote the work related to steady growth.

Municipal state-owned assets supervision and administration commission　　　　

July 6, 2022　　

Opinions on the implementation of municipal management enterprises to make overall plans for epidemic prevention and control and stabilize economic growth

　　In order to thoroughly implement the requirements of the Party Central Committee that "the epidemic situation should be prevented, the economy should be stabilized and the development should be safe", effectively coordinate the epidemic situation prevention and control and economic and social development, coordinate development and safety, stabilize the growth and stabilize the market players to ensure employment, and ensure the economic operation in a reasonable range, according to the Notice of the State Council on Printing and Distributing a Package of Policies and Measures to Stabilize the Economy (Guo Fa [2022] No.12) and the Notice of Beijing Municipal People’s Government on Printing and Distributing <

　　I. Deeply understand the significance of stabilizing economic growth

　　The CPC Central Committee has always attached great importance to economic work. At the Central Economic Work Conference last year, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader clearly pointed out that all regions and departments should shoulder the responsibility of stabilizing the macro-economy, which is not only an economic issue, but also a political issue. Beijing is currently experiencing the worst epidemic impact after 2020. Since the second quarter, the downward pressure on the economy has increased, the operation of the supply chain has been blocked, consumption has declined, business operations have been generally difficult, and steady growth, stable employment and stable prices are facing new challenges. City leaders pointed out in the video conference on the implementation of the national plan to stabilize the economy in this city that Beijing, as the capital, has a directional and exemplary work, and it is of special significance to effectively deal with the epidemic and achieve stable economic and social development. From the height of defending "two establishment" and "two maintenance", we must resolutely implement the spirit of the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary and the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, fully and accurately implement the new development concept, and truly achieve stability and progress. We must have the determination and courage to never give up and strive to achieve the work goals set at the beginning of the year.

　　City management enterprises should further improve their political stance, and unify their thoughts and actions with the major judgments of the CPC Central Committee, the State Council, the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government on the current economic situation and the major decision-making arrangements for economic work. Strengthen the sense of responsibility, mission and urgency, take the development of the capital as the guide, closely follow the strategic positioning of the "four centers" city, adhere to the "five children" linkage, strengthen confidence, face difficulties, earnestly shoulder the responsibilities and obligations of the "pillar" and "ballast stone" in the economic development and steady growth of the capital, fully display the elegance and strength of state-owned enterprises, and strive to push the economy back to a normal track and run in a reasonable range, so as to be practical.

　　Two, overall epidemic prevention and control and production and operation, and resolutely implement the relevant measures to stabilize the economy.

　　Municipalities in charge of enterprises should do a good job in the implementation of the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, the State Council, the municipal party committee and municipal government in the spirit of nailing nails, make full use of various preferential policies for state-owned enterprises, effectively coordinate epidemic prevention and control and production and operation, actively, steadily and orderly promote the resumption of work and production, and strive to turn policy dividends into practical development results. We should take the initiative, increase the assistance of small and medium-sized enterprises, and actively fulfill the social responsibility of state-owned enterprises.

　　(1) Accelerate the implementation of fiscal and taxation policies. Pay close attention to the pace of adjustment and implementation of fiscal, taxation and other policies and measures, comprehensively sort out, actively dock, and do a solid job in the work of value-added tax refund, social security and medical insurance deferred payment, and unemployment insurance stable return. Seize the opportunity to expand the field of government special bond support, and do a good job in project reserves in new infrastructure and new energy. Keep a close eye on the current opportunities to expand credit supply, optimize financing objects and methods, and continuously expand low-cost financing channels.

　　(2) Promote major investments. Actively participate in major national and Beijing investment projects and key areas, firmly grasp major projects and give full play to the key role of effective investment. The key to effective investment is to expand productive investment, accelerate the construction of integrated circuit production lines, the industrialization of semiconductor equipment, and improve the production capacity of Beijing Benz Shunyi Factory. Actively participate in infrastructure investment and construction, make good plans, make good use of the national special debt policy, and reduce financing costs. Combined with the "14th Five-Year Plan", we will strengthen project planning and reserve, strengthen communication and coordination with district governments, promote project cooperation and increase investment in Beijing.

　　(3) Strengthen cooperation and stabilize the supply chain. All enterprises should strictly implement the requirements of epidemic prevention and control, ensure the safe and orderly production and operation, and strive to ensure the smooth flow of all links in the supply chain. Promote the co-construction and sharing of resources, increase horizontal mutual assistance, and advantageous enterprises should constantly build industrial ecological chains, promote the coordination between upstream and downstream enterprises in the industrial chain, and focus on strengthening the chain extension and supplementing the chain. Strengthen mutual assistance and cooperation with central enterprises and Zhongguancun science and technology enterprises, and continuously improve the level of vertical cooperation in the industrial chain. Enterprises at the two levels in urban areas should "hold a group to keep warm" and promote mutual benefit and coordinated development.

　　(4) increase assistance to small and medium-sized enterprises. Resolutely implement the rent reduction and exemption policy for small and micro enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households in the service industry, pay attention to inclusiveness, highlight timeliness, improve transparency, clarify responsibilities, strengthen supervision, and ensure that rent-free measures benefit the final tenant operators. Strictly implement the special action of clearing the debts of small and medium-sized enterprises, conduct a comprehensive investigation, establish a ledger, speed up the payment, and pay off the debts together if there is no disagreement. Strictly implement the "Regulations on the Protection of Payment for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises", adhere to the principle of "all payable and fast payable", ensure the timely and full payment of accounts for small and medium-sized enterprises, and put an end to the arrears.

　　(five) to do a good job in social and people’s livelihood security. Give full consideration to the development and changes of the epidemic situation and the explosive purchase demand of citizens in special periods, strive to keep production and life stable and orderly, and do a good job in ensuring the supply and price stability of rice and flour oil, vegetables, meat, eggs and milk. Public service enterprises participating in urban operation should provide public products and services such as public transportation, water, electricity, gas and heat safely and efficiently to ensure smooth service operation. Actively attract college students and rural labor force to find jobs, do a good job in helping the disadvantaged groups find jobs and eradicate the unpaid wages of migrant workers.

　　(6) Strengthen effective financial support for the real economy. We will increase the support for small and micro loans, and continue to provide inclusive and sustained financial support for agriculture-related, small and micro enterprises and private enterprises. We will increase support for infrastructure construction and major projects, further increase the amount of loans and extend the loan period. We will increase support for private investment, and adopt ways such as renewing loans and extending the period to stimulate the vitality of private investment. Give financing support to industries and enterprises seriously affected by the epidemic, and increase medium and long-term loans for manufacturing.

　　Third, do a good job in policy support and guarantee, and promote the implementation of special tasks

　　In order to faithfully implement the relevant policies of the state and Beijing to help enterprises bail out, and better promote the accurate direct access of policies to difficult enterprises and key links, the Municipal State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (SASAC) will do a good job in policy support and guarantee from the following aspects, and strive to promote the implementation of special tasks.

　　(1) Encourage enterprises to assume social responsibilities. In order to implement the requirements of the Notice on Matters Related to Rent Relief for Small and Micro Enterprises and Individual Industrial and Commercial Houses in the Service Industry, if the rent relief has a significant impact on the business performance of the enterprise, the rent relief amount can be regarded as a profit upon application, and it will be recognized according to the actual situation in the annual assessment and total wages.

　　(2) Encourage qualified listed companies or state-owned shareholders to stabilize their share prices and stabilize investors’ expectations through repurchase and overweight. The cost of capital used for repurchase can be regarded as profit in the annual assessment.

　　(III) Encourage enterprises to increase medium-and long-term incentives. Enterprises that have approved the implementation of equity and dividend incentives may apply for adjusting the equity incentive plan and postpone the exercise (unlocking) period for one year if the conditions for exercising (unlocking) in 2022 are difficult to achieve due to epidemic factors.

　　(4) Encourage enterprises to actively apply for state-owned capital operating budget support to support core technology projects in the fields of scientific and technological innovation, high-tech industry development and urban operation safety of municipal state-owned enterprises. According to the types of enterprises, various ways such as capital injection, awards and subsidies are adopted to support the innovation and development of enterprises. Encourage the active declaration of "specialized and innovative" enterprises and the identification of high-tech enterprises. For those who have been certified as "high-tech enterprises" and "high-precision and innovative enterprises" in 2022, the total salary can be 1-3 million yuan depending on the scale of the enterprise.

　　(V) Encourage enterprises to broaden financing channels, and reward newly listed enterprises and REITS-approved enterprises in 2022 with separate total wages. The newly listed enterprises can pay a total of 5 million yuan separately, and the officially approved REITS enterprises can pay a total of 3 million yuan separately.

　　(VI) Encourage enterprises to revitalize inefficient and ineffective assets, make efforts and implement early in expanding effective investment, and promote projects under construction to form more physical workload. For enterprises that have overfulfilled investment in fixed assets and achieved "double progress" in project image, extra points will be given in the annual assessment.

　　(7) Encourage enterprises to make every effort to ensure the stability of the supply chain. Reasonable analysis of the current "two gold" ratio, in order to ensure the safety and steady growth of the supply chain, the reasonable inventory increased can be eliminated in the assessment. The inventory situation will not be assessed until the normal production and living order is restored.

　　CCTV News:On June 15th, the State Council held a press conference on the operation of the national economy in May 2023. Fu Linghui, spokesperson of the National Bureau of Statistics and director of the comprehensive statistics department of the national economy, said at the meeting that from the situation in May, the growth rate of the main production demand indicators has improved to varying degrees. Since the beginning of this year, with the full recovery of normal operation of the economy and society, the previously suppressed production demand has rebounded. Judging from the situation in various countries, there will be a rebound after the economic operation returns to normal operation. With the economic operation gradually returning to normal operation, it will gradually enter a steady recovery trend. Judging from the current situation, due to the low base last year, the economic growth in the second quarter was significantly faster than that in the first quarter. In the third and fourth quarters, with the improvement of the base, the economic operation will return to the normal growth level. From the perspective of the whole year, there are many favorable supports for the economy to achieve its expected development goals throughout the year. There are mainly the following aspects:

　　First, the role of consumption has gradually increased. Since the beginning of this year, China’s consumption potential has been gradually released, and its pulling effect on economic growth is increasing. In the first quarter, the contribution rate of final consumption expenditure growth to economic growth has reached 66.6%. From January to May, the year-on-year growth rate of total retail sales of social consumer goods was 3.5 percentage points faster than that in the first quarter. Service consumption is growing well. From January to May, the national box office revenue increased by more than 40% year-on-year, and the catering revenue increased by 22.6%. During the May 1 holiday, residents’ travel increased significantly, which led to the expansion of related consumption. At present, the overall improvement of the employment situation is conducive to increasing residents’ income and improving their spending power. Various departments actively introduce policies to promote consumption, which will enhance residents’ willingness to consume. The deep integration of online and offline consumption and the accelerated development of new consumption formats and new models are also conducive to expanding consumption. The strengthening of consumption will effectively promote economic recovery.

　　Second, the accumulation of innovation kinetic energy has increased. Since the beginning of this year, China has deeply implemented the innovation-driven development strategy, actively promoted the self-reliance and self-improvement of science and technology, and the development trend of high-end, intelligent and green production is obvious, and the development of new kinetic energy has grown stronger. From January to May, the added value of equipment manufacturing above designated size increased by 6.8% year-on-year, and the production index of information transmission, software and information technology services increased by 11.3%, all of which maintained rapid growth; The output of industrial control computers and systems and polysilicon increased by 33.4% and 84.2% respectively. The pace of green and low-carbon transformation has accelerated, and new energy products have grown rapidly. From January to May, the output of solar cells increased by 53.6% year-on-year, and the kinetic energy of innovation and development increased, which will effectively promote industrial upgrading and development, accelerate the formation of a modern industrial system, promote the transformation of economic growth momentum, and lay a solid foundation for the stable and healthy development of China’s economy.

　　Third, the dividend of reform and opening up continues to emerge. Since the beginning of this year, China has deepened the reform of key areas and key links, actively promoted the construction of a high-standard market system, accelerated the construction of a unified national market, steadily expanded institutional opening, accelerated the creation of a market-oriented and legalized international business environment, vigorously stabilized the trade of traditional trading partners, and actively expanded economic and trade cooperation with RCEP and countries along the Belt and Road Initiative, with continuous results. From January to May, China’s total import and export volume of goods increased by 4.7% year-on-year, and the total import and export volume with countries along the Belt and Road increased by 13.2%. Judging from the utilization of foreign capital, the actual utilization of foreign capital in China’s high-tech industries increased by 12.8% from January to April.

　　In the next step, comprehensively deepening reform, expanding high-level opening up and steadily advancing will inject strong impetus into economic development. Of course, we must also see that the current international environment is complex and severe, the recovery of the world economy is still weak, the spillover effect of policy contraction in major developed economies appears, and there are many unstable and uncertain factors. Insufficient domestic market demand, lower prices, more difficulties for business entities, and weak foundation for economic recovery. Despite the pressure and challenges, the fundamentals of China’s long-term economic improvement have not changed, and the characteristics of strong resilience, great potential and wide space are obvious. Since the economy and society have fully resumed normal operation, macroeconomic policies have made concerted efforts, and economic operation has recovered and high-quality development has steadily advanced.

CCTV News:During the "Eleventh" holiday, the reporter visited various places and learned that both the new car sales market of new energy vehicles and the second-hand car trading market showed a rising trend. In addition, with the support of a number of favorable policies, consumer enthusiasm continues to rise.

This holiday, Mr. Zhou, who lives in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, bought a new energy vehicle worth 330,000 yuan, according to "the price of a single vehicle is 300,000 yuan &mdash; Mr. Zhou can get a subsidy of 6,000 yuan for the standard of subsidizing 6,000 yuan below 400,000 yuan.

During the "Eleventh" holiday, consumers in Dezhou, Shandong Province can enjoy a one-time subsidy ranging from 3,000 yuan to 6,000 yuan when purchasing new energy passenger cars. In addition, they are exempted from the purchase tax of 4.5% of the car price, the travel tax in 360 yuan, and the replacement subsidy of up to 6,000 yuan and the cash benefit of up to 20,000 yuan given by manufacturers, which makes many consumers feel excited.

Not only the new car market, this holiday, the second-hand car trading market is also stimulated by the policy, and the trading volume has risen linearly. The reporter visited the used car trading market in Huaxiang, Beijing, and learned that the transaction volume of car inspection and transfer has increased by 30%. On October 1 this year, the Ministry of Public Security and other departments issued a policy that when a registered automobile sales enterprise applies for the transfer registration of a small non-operating used car, the public security organ will implement separate endorsement management and issue a temporary license plate. For cities where automobile purchases are restricted, it is clear that used cars purchased by automobile sales enterprises and used for sales do not occupy the number plate index. At the same time, all regions strictly implement the policy of completely canceling the restrictions on the movement of used cars, and cancel the restrictions on the movement of small non-operating used cars that meet the national five emission standards nationwide (including the national key areas for air pollution prevention and control) to promote the free circulation of used cars and cross-regional operation of enterprises.

According to the data of China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, in 2022, the production and sales of new energy vehicles will reach 3.97 million and 3.86 million respectively in the first eight months, up by 120% and 110% respectively.

Tesla CEO elon musk visited Beijing on April 28th at the invitation of China Council for the Promotion of International Trade. During this period, he met with Li Qiang, Prime Minister of the State Council, China. Li Qiang emphasized that Tesla’s growth in China is a model of Sino-US economic and trade cooperation, and reiterated China’s position of opening to the outside world, welcoming foreign-funded enterprises, including Tesla, to enjoy a better business environment and stronger support. Musk spoke highly of Tesla Giga Shanghai’s performance and expressed his desire to deepen cooperation in order to achieve more win-win results.

Tesla officially announced that the company will continue to develop in China, focusing on the fields of artificial intelligence, electric vehicles and energy storage, accelerating the application of clean energy and autonomous driving technology, and turning the vision into reality. Musk’s visit to China was speculated to be related to the promotion of the deployment of Tesla’s fully automatic driving system (FSD) in China, which has not yet officially landed in the world’s second largest market.

The market expectation for Tesla FSD in China is growing day by day, and Tesla also needs this technological advantage to attract more consumers in China. In the face of declining performance in the first quarter and fierce competition from China brands in the field of new energy vehicles, autonomous driving has become the key for Tesla to consolidate its market position. Tesla FSD technology has matured, adopting "end-to-end neural network" technology and training based on massive driving data, which is approaching the edge of large-scale commercial use, indicating a huge potential benefit.

Tesla has set up a data center in China to comply with local data management regulations and ensure that all vehicle data are stored locally. In order to accelerate the popularization of FSD, Tesla recently lowered the subscription and purchase price of FSD in the US market, showing its determination to expand the coverage of this service.

According to industry observation, if FSD can successfully enter China, it will challenge the local autonomous driving scheme and stimulate industry innovation and competition. Tesla’s remarkable advantages in autonomous driving technology, especially the data-driven pure vision scheme, keep it in the leading position even in the face of high-cost fusion sensing technology opponents. With the news of deepening cooperation with Shanghai, Shanghai may become the first place where Tesla FSD is deployed in China, and Tesla’s compliance progress in data processing has also cleared the way for the landing of FSD.

　　Argentina, which has entered a period of power change, is likely to repeat the same mistakes with the help of the International Monetary Fund (IMF).

　　After the current Argentine President macri unexpectedly lost the primary election, the Argentine peso experienced a week-long sharp depreciation. On August 20th, local time, IMF spokeswoman Gerry Rice said: "We are paying close attention to the recent developments in Argentina and are in continuous dialogue with the authorities. They are also making policy plans to solve the difficulties facing the country." In addition, he added that IMF staff will travel to Buenos Aires "soon".

　　The IMF came out because macri signed a $57 billion loan agreement with it in 2018, which is also the largest rescue project in the IMF’s history, aiming at urging Argentina to abide by stricter fiscal and monetary policies and restoring investors’ confidence. However, according to the situation in the past year, these measures have slowed down the economy and hit investor sentiment.

　　"As far as the IMF’s assistance to Argentina is concerned, it hopes to help Argentina tide over the debt crisis and return to the international financial market. It should be said that its original intention is good and it has actually provided debt assistance." Yue Yunxia, director and researcher of the Economic Research Office of the Latin American Institute of the China Academy of Social Sciences, said in an interview with the First Financial Reporter: "But the problem is that the IMF’s estimation of the nature of the Argentine crisis is biased."

　　Why didn’t the IMF’s good intentions bring a good result to Argentina’s economy?

　　The market is in panic

　　When macri made up his mind to sign a high loan agreement with the IMF, the Argentine fiscal deficit was as high as 11% of the gross domestic product (GDP). At that time, because investors were cautious about Argentine bonds, macri urgently sought help from the IMF. With the full support of the United States, Argentina quickly obtained a loan of 50 billion US dollars.

　　Yue Yunxia told the First Financial Reporter: "After macri took office, Argentina regained the rescue of the IMF. This is actually a landmark event, which means that Argentina has been recognized by international financial institutions and markets again, which is of great significance."

　　However, the Argentine government claimed at the time that this was only a preventive plan to soothe investors’ emotions. But just two months later, macri was forced to admit that $50 billion was not enough to alleviate the demand, so he got another 7 billion additional loan from the IMF and promised to pay off about 90% of the total loan amount before the Argentine presidential election at the end of 2019.

　　On April 15th this year, after receiving the installment payment of $9.6 billion, macri bought pesos instead of building foreign exchange reserves or paying off debts. &mdash; Keep the exchange rate of Argentine currency stable, thus increasing his chances of re-election.

　　This scene is very similar to that in October 2001, when Argentina borrowed $8 billion from the IMF about 60 days before its debt default, most of which was used to buy pesos sold by foreign investors. After that, the price of Argentine government public bonds continued to fall, and the overnight lending rate of banks soared to the range of 250% ~ 300%.

　　Hector R. Torres, a senior researcher at the Center for International Governance Innovation, explained that investors’ mood is also extremely uneasy. He said: "If Argentina cannot pay off all its creditors after 2020, the IMF with priority creditor status will be paid first, and private investors may be forced to restructure their creditor’s rights, thus losing money."

　　"The more debt Argentina owes to privileged creditors like the IMF, the more difficult it will be to persuade non-privileged private investors to extend their debts and continue to provide financing for the country after 2020," he added.

　　The IMF failed to prescribe the right medicine

　　Yue Yunxia told the First Financial Reporter that the IMF’s original intention to help Argentina was good, but it prescribed the wrong prescription.

　　She introduced: "The IMF asked Argentina to carry out some market-oriented and liberalized reforms, so Argentina implemented exchange rate consolidation. Before Christina’s government, Argentina adopted a multiple exchange rate system. After the macri administration took office, it carried out the reform of exchange rate integration, that is, the exchange rate resumed the floating exchange rate according to the market-oriented idea. "

　　"Under such a circumstance, the exchange rate that belongs to market fluctuation actually provides opportunities for international capital to attack the peso," Yue Yunxia explained the consequences. "So Argentina had a currency crisis last year, and the exchange rate depreciation this year is also very serious, and the exchange rate depreciation has also increased Argentina’s economic difficulties and economic risks."

　　In addition, in exchange for the IMF’s assistance, the current Argentine government stated that according to the requirements of the agreement, Argentina will expand the pace of deficit reduction, and reduce the target of fiscal deficit as a proportion of gross domestic product (GDP) from 2.2% to 1.3% in 2019, and plan to achieve fiscal balance in 2020 and fiscal surplus in 2021.

　　Yue Yunxia said that the reform plan that the IMF is most used to proposing is to implement austerity policies. However, she does not think that the IMF is prescribing the right medicine: "If Argentina is facing a liquidity crisis, then the IMF may be able to tide over the difficult period by providing Argentina with more time and trading time for space. However, in the economic downturn, the austerity policy is not conducive to economic recovery, nor can it enable Argentina to solve the fundamental problem of debt and make it solvent. "

　　Recently, Alberto Fernandez, the Argentine opposition presidential candidate who won the primary election with 47% of the votes, said that it is difficult for Argentina to repay the IMF loan at present, and he will renegotiate the repayment with the IMF after his election.

　　In this regard, Yue Yunxia believes: "If the IMF can negotiate debt restructuring with Argentina at the negotiating table, at least one problem can be solved for Argentina, that is, it will not have a debt collapse for the time being."

　　Deja vu history

　　Yue Yunxia told the First Financial Reporter that this economic crisis in Argentina is very similar to the previous ones, and it is a problem of solvency, which is basically solved by restoring growth and improving solvency in Argentina.

　　However, during the previous economic crises in Argentina in 1998 and 2002, the IMF also pursued the wrong policies. In fact, in the 60 years since Argentina first borrowed from the IMF in 1958, the two countries have signed more than 20 agreements, most of which ended in failure. What keeps repeating in Argentina’s economic history is that after the implementation of the austerity policy under the guidance of the IMF, the country has symptoms such as devaluation of peso, rising public debt and instability of financial market.

　　Take Argentina’s economic crisis in 1995 as an example. At that time, President Carlos Sal Menem listened to the IMF’s advice and took measures such as raising taxes and interest rates, reducing the deficit of government budget and expenditure, privatizing state-owned enterprises and canceling import control. Joseph E. Stiglitz, winner of the 2001 Nobel Prize in Economics, pointed out that this is the IMF’s adherence to the double standards under the Washington Consensus, ignoring the local social, political and economic environment.

　　But why is Argentina "obedient" to the IMF? Economists concluded that this is because the international market regards the relationship between Argentina and the IMF as an indicator of whether Argentina’s economy is healthy. The former’s failure to comply with the IMF’s policies may cause opposition from investors, so how the IMF’s suggestions are no longer important, and "pleasing the market" has become the main purpose. On the other hand, the IMF was forced to build a plan to cater to market myths, and the problems were hard to return.

　　As Gilmer Nelson, former Secretary of State for Finance of the Ministry of Economy and Production of Argentina, once explained, he said: "About two years before the collapse of the free exchange mechanism in December 2001, the IMF gradually realized that the free exchange mechanism would eventually collapse due to the different fiscal policies adopted by successive Argentine governments. However, for political reasons, the IMF still supports the Argentine government’s unrealistic approach, so as not to end up in a freely convertible mechanism &rsquo; Murderer &rsquo; The reputation. " (elegant)

Today, the long-awaited technical standard for pickup trucks-"General Technical Conditions for Multi-purpose Trucks" came into effect!　　

　　This is the first technical standard for pickup trucks in China. Many card friends still have little knowledge of the standard content, and they don’t know whether their pickup trucks meet the requirements.Taking advantage of the first day of implementation, China pickup network once again gives you a key point!　　

　　First of all, if you want to make sure that your pickup symbol does not meet the requirements, focus on these four points:

　1. It must be a double-row pickup truck, and a single row is not included;

　2, the engine must be in the front, and cannot invade the cab too much;

　3. The container is no longer than 1.85m, and it is not in the form of three sides;

　4. There must be at least 4 container hooks, and there must be an ISOFIX child seat interface; ?

　　Of course, the content of the standard is far more than that, but some of them are the rules that pickup trucks have followed before, such as the total mass does not exceed 3.5 tons, and the cargo box cover can be equipped; There are some non-compliant models, such as approach angle not less than 25, departure angle not less than 20, and minimum ground clearance not less than 180 mm. Therefore, if card friends want to judge whether their pickup trucks meet the new standards, they can have a preliminary judgment by focusing on these four points.　　

　　More detailed rules, then Xiaobian will explain it again for everyone.　　

　　At the beginning of the standard, the scope of application is defined, which is a multi-purpose truck with double rows of seats. This scope is quite lethal, and many single-row pickups are excluded. This is because there are not many single-row pickups on the market at present, and many single-row pickups are used for pulling goods, so there is no separate regulation on them in the rules. Of course, it is inevitable that a number of single-row pickups for fun will be accidentally injured. Perhaps the future standards will optimize this.　　

　　Subsequently, the standard clarified the definition of multi-purpose truck, which roughly means that pickup trucks have three parts: the front, the cockpit and the cargo box, and the total weight cannot exceed 3.5 tons, which is consistent with the rules that pickup trucks have always followed. However, the definition also requires the proportion of the car body, which restricts the pickup truck from being made into the shape of a micro-surface magic change, or the shape of a long container, so that the pickup truck is clearly distinguished from the micro-truck.　　

　　The standard also requires the dimensions of pickup trucks, among which the most concerned is that "the internal length of the container is not more than 35% of the length of the whole vehicle and not more than 1850 mm", which excludes many kinds of super-long container products on the market, and puts forward that pickup trucks can only open the rear door, not the three sides, which means that many models that mainly open on three sides will not be among the pickup trucks, such as Wuling Journey, which has attracted much attention in recent years.　　

　　In addition, the standard also requires that the height of the cab should be no more than 2100 mm, the height of the upper end of the container rail should be no more than 1500 mm, the distance between seats should be no less than 650 mm, and the depth of the cushion should be no less than 400 mm. At the same time, the container should be equipped with at least 4 fastening points and symmetrically distributed, and it can be equipped with a container cover, but it must be of a hard structure, and it should have an opening structure or a lid lock system for cargo handling.　　

　　Because pickup trucks have strong off-road properties, the standards also have mandatory requirements for pickup trucks’ passability and stability. For example, the vehicle should meet at least two requirements of "approach angle not less than 25, departure angle not less than 20, minimum ground clearance not less than 180 mm" when it is in the state of vehicle kerb quality, and the maximum climbing degree is not less than 25%, and the maximum lateral stability angle of the vehicle to the left and right is not less than 35 when it is in the state of vehicle kerb quality and at rest.　　

　　It is worth mentioning that the requirements of the standard for child restraint systems and fixing points are also mandatory, and it is proposed that "multi-purpose trucks should have at least one rear seat equipped with ISOFIX child restraint system fixing device that meets the requirements of GB 14167". However, this function is missing in most pickup trucks at present, and even some pickup trucks with high positioning are included.　　

　　In recent years, with the upgrade of pickup truck ride, towing RV and trailer has become a new trend for pickup truck players, especially with the launch of C6 driver’s license last month, the popularity of pickup truck towing has soared, and in the standard, the relevant requirements and regulations for pickup truck towing have also been made very detailed.

　　Among them, the most concerned is that "the circuit capacity from the multi-purpose truck to the output end of the trailer should be not less than 20A, and it should be equipped with a 12V13-core electrical connector conforming to GB/T 20718", which means that if the vehicle has the qualification of towing, it must have a power interface to which the trailer can be connected, and there are mandatory requirements for the circuit capacity and connector of the interface, which should be paid attention to by the vehicle enterprise when it leaves the factory.　　

　　In addition, there are requirements on towing device and running performance, such as: "The maximum climbing degree of the train should not be less than 12%", "For all-wheel and rear-wheel drive multi-purpose trucks, the ratio of the maximum designed total mass of the central axle trailer to the curb mass of the multi-purpose truck should not be greater than 1.5".　　

　　Undoubtedly, the implementation of technical standards for pickup trucks is of great significance to the domestic pickup market. Recently, the General Office of the State Council issued a document stating that "fine management should be implemented for pickup trucks entering the city, and the restrictions on pickup trucks entering the city should be further relaxed." Combined with the technical standards of pickup trucks that will come into effect soon, the possibility of pickup trucks independently existing as "multi-purpose trucks" in management will be further increased in the future.　　

　　"General Technical Conditions for Multi-purpose Truck" can not only improve the quality of pickup truck products, standardize the technical requirements of pickup trucks, but also provide important technical reference for traffic management law enforcement departments, completely change the situation that pickup trucks have different lifting standards, different progress and false landing, and gradually promote changes in urban road rights, scrapping, annual inspection and highway rights and interests.

Among Tesla’s core technologies, FSD ("Full Self-Drive") is undoubtedly the most concerned core. However, due to various restrictions including laws and regulations, FSD has not been introduced into the domestic market, which has become a big regret for Tesla owners. However, it has recently been reported that the relevant person in charge of the Intelligent Manufacturing Promotion Department of the Shanghai Economic and Information Committee introduced that in the next stage, Shanghai will further deepen its cooperation with Tesla and promote the layout of functional sectors such as autonomous driving and robots in Shanghai. There are indications that the policy barriers for Tesla FSD to enter the domestic market are constantly being cleared. Chu Ruisong, general manager of Baidu Smart Car Division, even directly predicted that FSD will enter the China market this year or next year, and will be opened on a large scale in 2025.

1. Tesla needs FSD to re-establish its technological advantages.

From Tesla’s point of view, it is becoming more and more urgent to introduce FSD into the domestic market.

First of all, at present, domestic mainstream car companies are advancing by leaps and bounds in the field of smart electric vehicles, and Tesla’s technological advantages are rapidly approaching by domestic car companies. To this end, Tesla, which has a relatively limited vehicle matrix, can only sacrifice weapons with cost performance. Improve the cost performance of products through continuous price reduction, and then increase terminal sales. In this case, it is of great significance to introduce the latest FSD technology into China, which can help Tesla reconfirm its leading position in technology.

Secondly, Tesla’s FSD needs to accumulate a large number of actual road data to continuously optimize the algorithm. Therefore, after the introduction of FSD into China, Tesla can help Tesla collect a large number of valuable data and lay the most solid foundation for the iterative update of the algorithm after meeting the requirements of domestic laws and regulations on data collection.

Finally, Tesla is the standard-bearer of "Software Defined Car". FSD is expensive in North America, and the price of bicycles is nearly 100,000 RMB. And the gross profit margin of software is very high. Under the background of Tesla’s continuous price war, if FSD can contribute enough sales volume, it will give Tesla greater confidence to fight the price war.

2. Does FSD still have advantages?

As one of the labels of Elon Musk, Tesla has been investing a lot of money in FSD to maintain the advanced technology. Domestic car companies choose Tesla’s technical route more in many key technical choices to ensure that there will be no strategic mistakes in the direction.

In the whole automobile industry, Tesla was the first to apply the neural network model Transformer to the intelligent driving of mass production vehicles, about two years earlier than other automobile companies. Compared with the previous convolutional neural network CNN, the neural network model Transformer has been significantly improved in efficiency and accuracy, but it also requires more data. In 2022, Tesla was the first in the industry to release the Occupancy Network that can detect general obstacles. In addition, Tesla FSD’s solution is a set of solutions that do not rely on high-precision maps, which greatly expands the scenarios in which FSD can be applied.

For many domestic automatic driving/driving assistance schemes, although we can also realize the functions of automatic lane change, automatic overtaking and automatic on-off ramp, we are expanding from expressway to urban road scene. However, our scheme relies more on lidar and high-precision maps. Compared with Tesla’s pure vision scheme, the former is more expensive and the data fusion is more difficult. Moreover, most domestic autonomous driving technical solutions rely on high-precision maps, so there are many limitations in the use of scenarios. Therefore, these factors are integrated, and Tesla FSD still has its index significance.

However, we also have to admit that although FSD has no small lead, it still faces many challenges to fully realize FSD in domestic road conditions. On the one hand, domestic legislation needs to keep up with it in time, giving a green light at the policy level for enterprises to deploy FSD; On the other hand, the domestic working conditions are more complicated, especially on urban roads, there will be many unpredictable long tail working conditions. In this case, in a short period of time, it is basically difficult for L4-level autopilot to be deployed commercially. Even if the performance of FSD is advanced, it can’t escape this category. Therefore, how Tesla chooses the deployment scope of FSD and maximizes the performance advantages of FSD is a big test for Tesla.

3. Will the China autonomous driving market "wolf come"?

For domestic car companies, there is a phenomenon worthy of attention. At present, not only Tesla’s FSD, but also Mercedes-Benz’s Drive Pilot are actively getting approval from China government departments to introduce relevant technologies into the domestic market. Especially the Drive Pilot of Mercedes-Benz, although there are many restrictions, it is the only L3-level automatic driving system in the world that allows drivers to engage in other activities in the car without paying attention to the operation of the whole vehicle. At present, no vehicle manufacturer in China can give such a promise to Mercedes-Benz.

As the world’s largest smart electric vehicle market, it is a general trend for foreign car companies to introduce intelligent networking technology including the most advanced autonomous driving technology to China as soon as possible. If they don’t do this, they will be widened by independent brands in China. The brand appeal accumulated in the past will also completely disappear. At the same time, considering that autonomous driving is a technology that needs long-term accumulation, continuous optimization and is closely related to local conditions, it will be unstoppable for Tesla FSD and other foreign car companies to enter China in any dimension.

The introduction of Tesla has accelerated the reshuffle process of domestic electric vehicles and even the whole new energy vehicle market. However, it has also created the global group operational advantage of China brand new energy vehicles. A large number of China-branded cars have gone abroad, attacking cities in overseas markets. With Tesla’s introduction of FSD and Mercedes-Benz’s introduction of Drive Pilot into the domestic market, the competition in the whole market will become more intense, but it may also make the domestic autonomous driving technology leap to a new level. Only in this way, China brand cars will not only be able to stand at home, but also be expected to continue to "roll up" those multinational car groups that are not leading in technology in overseas markets, so as to gain a larger market share for China brand cars in the global auto market.